This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells. The cytotoxicity of kaempferol to HMC-1 mast cells were analyzed by using MTT assay and then the administration concentrations of kaempferol were established. Histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using ELISA assay in activated HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with various concentrations of kaempferol (10, 20 and 40 µmol.L-1). Western blot was used to test the protein expression of p-IKKβ, IκBα, p-IκBα and nucleus NF-κB of LPS-induced HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with different concentrations of kaempferol. The optimal concentrations of kaempferol were defined as the range from 5 µmol.L-1 to 40 µmol.L-1. Kaempferol significantly decreased the release of histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α of activated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). After incubation with kaempferol, the protein expression of p-IKKβ, p-IKBa and nucleus NF-κB (p65) markedly reduced in LPS-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). Taken together, we concluded that kaempferol markedly inhibit mast cell-mediated inflammatory response. At the same time, kaempferol can inhibit the activation of IKKβ, block the phosphorylation of IκBα, prevent NF-KB entering into the nucleus, and then decrease the release of inflammatory mediators.
Cells, Cultured ; Histamine ; metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; metabolism ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Kaempferols ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Mast Cells ; drug effects ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEThe present study is concerning qualitative and quantitative detection of Poria cocos quality based on FT-near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics.

METHODThe Poria cocos polysaccharides contents were determined by UV. Transmission mode was used in the collection of NIR spectral samples. The pretreatment method was first derivation and vector normalization. Then principal component analysis (PCA) was used to build classification model and partial least square (PLS) to build the calibration model.

RESULTThe results showed that conventional criteria such as the R, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) are 0.944 0, 0.072 1 and 0.076 2, respectively. The misclassified sample is 0 using the qualitative model built by PCA.

CONCLUSIONThe prediction models based on NIR have a better performance with high precision, good stability and adaptability and can be used to predict the polysaccharose content of Poria cocos rapidly, which can provide a fast approach to discriminate the different parts of Poria cocos.

Fungal Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Poria ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

The effects of BCG-PSN on T-cell subsets and cytokines in vernal conjunctivitis were observed. The level of total IgE was quantitatively determined before and after treatment with BCG-PSN by allergen diagnostic instrument in vitro. The content of T-cell subsets of peripheral blood and cytokine were determined by using indirect immune fluorescence method, and IL-4 and INF-gamma were quantified by ELISA. The results showed that the level of total IgE was substantially reduced (P < 0.01) after treatment in the BCG-PSN group. Meanwhile, CD8+ was decreased, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio elevated with significant differences (P < 0.05) as compared with pre-treatment results. The changes in total IgE, CD8+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio after treatment also presented significant differences (P < 0.05) between BCG-PSN group and routine treatment group. The level of IL-4 in serum declined (P < 0.05) after treatment in the BCG-PSN group, and INF-gamma went up (P < 0.05). IL-4 and INF-gamma in serum showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between two groups after treatment. It is concluded that BCG-PSN has a bi-directional immunoregulating effect. It can bring CD4+ and CD8+ into homeostasis, thereby preventing the occurrence of anaphylaxis. At the same time, BCG-PSN can restrain Th2, decrease the synthesis of IL-4, switch the balance of Th1/Th2 to Th1 side, boost up the predominance of Th1 relatively, which is propitious to perennial stabilization and recovery of vernal conjunctivitis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; BCG Vaccine ; therapeutic use ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; immunology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Male ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

Objective To investigate the incidence of gluteal muscle contracture(GMC) of students in 18 primary and secondary schools in Rongchang county .Methods We used health screening tests to investigate students′health condition about gait and knee squat ,snapping levy ,obber levy ,hip muscles ,the hip joint activities .Results Among the 15 000 students in 18 primary and second‐ary schools in Rongchang county ,25 case(1 .67‰)were diagnosed with GMC ,70% of them had received muscular injection and 40% of them were Left‐behind children .Conclusion The incidence rate of GMC in Rongchang county is appropriate to other parts of our country ,the disease should be strengthened to prevent and treat .

A method was established for the simultaneous analysis of 25 trace elements and heavy metals in polysccharides from Liuwei Dihuang prescription, including Li, Be, B, Ti, Mg, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi. The different rate of elemental extraction in Al, Fe, Mg, B, Ti, Mn, Zn, Sr, Ba was made in water and different concentration of alcohol. The samples, digested via microwave, calibrated by internal standard elements such as Ge and In, with bush branches and leaves as the controlled reference standard, were inlet into ICP-MS to analyze the contents of the 24 trace elements and heavy metals. The detection limits of the 24 elements were in the range of 0.007-2.225 µg · L(-1), while the RSD was below ≤ 4. 0%, with their recovery ranging from 84. 1% to 116%. Big different of the elemental extraction rates could be found by using different ethanol solutions. The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of trace elements and heavy metals in Liuwei Dihuang polysccharides. With the aid of the obtained result, we may increase the extraction of necessary element while making an attempt at multi-element speciation in polysccharides from Liuwei Dihuang.
Chemical Fractionation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Trace Elements ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo identify genes regulated by HBV preS1-transactivated protein 2 binding protein 1 (PS1TP2BP1).

METHODSPS1TP2BP1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3.1/my-c-His A. The mRNAs isolated from HepG2 cells transfected recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3.1/myc-HisA-PS1TP2BP1 and pcDNA 3.1/myc-HisA empty vector were used to construct subtractive library. The differentially expressed genes were identified and analyzed.

RESULTS35 differentially expressed clones were obtained. Colony PCR identified 15 clones with 200-1000 bp inserts. Sequence analysis identified 15 differentially expressed genes.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides data for further characterize the function of PS1TP2BP1.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Library ; Genetic Vectors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Precursors ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the effect of long-term microwave radiation on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR),brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and related molecules in signal pathways in the hippocampus of rats.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were exposed to microwave radiation at an average power density of 0,5,10,20 and 30 mW/cm2for 6 min/time,3 times/week,and for 6 weeks,which were sacrificed and the hippocampus was quickly removed at 14 d and 28 d after exposure.The changes in NMDAR (NR1,NR2A,NR2B),postsynaptic density protein(PSD)-95,cortactin,BDNF and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) in hippocampal neurons of each group were detected by Western blotting and image analysis techniques.Results Compared with the control group,the expressions of related proteins did not change significantly after microwave irradiation of 5 mW/cm2 at each time point.After 20 mW/cm2 microwave radiation,the expression of NR1 was increased at 14 and 28 d (P ＜0.05),the expression of NR2A was increased at 28 d (P ＜ 0.05),but the expression of NR2B was decreased at 14 and 28 d (P ＜ 0.05).At a average power density of 30 mW/cm2,the expressions of NR1,NR2A and PSD-95 and the expression of NR2B were decreased at 14 and 28 d(P ＜0.05),and cortactin,BDNF and TrkB were increased at 14 d after irradiation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The effect of different dosages of long-term microwave radiation on the proteins of NMDAR and its signal pathway related molecules is different.Microwave radiation may affect the NMDAR of postsynaptic information transmission through the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathways,which might play an important role in the impediment of learning and memory function caused by microwave radiation.

Objective To find out whether the effects of childhood physical abuse on internet addiction disorder in adolescence could be mediated by self-esteem.Methods 3798 high school students selected from 76 classes in Grade One and Grade Two,were asked to fill in the anonymous questionnaire,which including the demographic characteristics of students,Young' s Internet Addiction Scale,Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and Rosenberg' s Self-Esteem Scale.Results Childhood physical abuse could directly predict less self-esteem and internet addiction disorder (r=-0.108,P＜0.01,r=0.057,P＜0.01 ) and had significant indirect effects on intemet addiction disorder which could be mediated through self-esteem (a=-0.703,standardized b=-0.104,z=5.052,P＜0.001 ).Self-esteem had mediated 22.5％ of the childhood physical abuse cases on their internet addiction disorders during the period of adolescence.Conclusion Self-esteem could partially mediate the relationship between childhood physical abuse and internet addiction disorder.The mediating roles of self-esteem suggested that salient leverage points could make a change through empowerment training,self-esteem group training on self-esteem enhancement in the stage of adolescence.

Objective To ascertain the level and dynamic changes of environmental health hazards in the rural areas of Pukou, Nanjing, to objectively evaluate the situation of rural environmental sanitation, providing basis and support for formulating policies and measures by the higher authorities. Methods According to the requirements of the rural environmental sanitation monitoring program of Jiangsu Province in 2017, 5 streets, 20 administrative villages were selected as monitoring points and 100 families used as monitoring objects.The monitoring data were obtained through interviews, access data, field records and laboratory tests. Results Centralized water supply was realized by 20 monitoring points.The rate of collection and centralized disposal of domestic waste was 95.00%.The sewage disposal sites were mainly discharged into sewage treatment plants and harmless sanitary toilets, accounting for 41.00% and 42.00% respectively.The coverage rate of sanitary toilets was 95.54%.Those who did the work of killing rats, flies and mosquitoes accounted for 40.00% and those who did the work of killing cockroaches 25.00%.And 98.00% of the families used fuel for gas, 98.00% of the families never burned straw in the fields, 88.00% of the families did not use the film, and the membrane recycling rate was 91.67%.It was found that 100% of the households drank boiled water, and 90.00% of the respondents developed the habit of washing hands before and after meals.The detection rate of Ascaris eggs was 20.00% in 20 soil samples, and the contents of Pb, CD and Cr were all within the normal range. Conclusion Although some achievements have been made in the rural environmental sanitation in Pukou, the management of pollution of rural sewage, waste and feces should be further strengthened, and the dangerous factors that affect the health of rural residents should be decreased and four pests removal activities actively carried out.

Objective To study the relationship between emotional,physical abuse and internet addiction disorder(IAD)among middle school students.in order to lay foundation for the development of prevention and control programs on IAD.Methods Students selected from 76 classes in Grade One and Grade Two,filled out the anonymous questionnaire,which including demographic characteristics of students,Young's Intemet Addiction Scale,Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales.etc.Non-conditional multivariate logistic regression model was employed to explore the relationship between child abuse and IAD.Independent variable was child abUSe while dependent variable was IAD.Covariant variables would include demographic characteristics,as sex,age,style of household,et al.Results Among 3798 students,the overail prevalence of emotional abuse was 81.1%.with 55.1% of them reported having experienced physical abuse.Among 3507 intemet users,5.2%was diagnosed as IAD.Results from the nonconditional multivariate Iogistic regression model showed that odds ratio of severe physical abuse and moderate physical abuse were 3.02(1.63-5.58)and 4.00(2.01-7.93).Conclusion Moderate physical abuse and severe physical abuse were possible risk factors of IAD.