Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants (EPI) before 28 weeks of gestation during 8-years period.Methods:A retrospective study. From January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018, 300 EPI infants with a gestational age of less than 28 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics were included in the study. EPI birth gestational week (GA), birth weight (BW), gender and other basic information, as well as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, oxygen (&ge;10 d), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other hospitalizations and complications were recorded. According to ROP international classification standards, ROP was staged. Severe ROP was defined as ROP that requires treatment. The screening start time, screening interval, and intervention time of all children tested were carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Guidelines for Screening Retinopathy of Prematurity" until the end of follow-up. The most severe ROP during the follow-up of each examined child was recorded as the final screening result of the examined child, and those with asymmetric eyes with the screening results of the severe side of the diseas was recorded. A retrospective analysis of the overall incidence of EPI ROP showed the incidence of severe ROP, and the first and second stages of EPI ROP during the 8 years (from January 1 , 2011 to December 31, 2014, and January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018), changes in the rate of severe illness. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for severe ROP.Results:Among 300 EPI infants, the average GA was (26.7±1.8) weeks; the average BW was (993.3±178.7) g. Two hundred and five infants (68.3%) were diagnosed with ROP, 116 (56.6%), 57 (27.8%), and 32 (15.6%) infants of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ disease, respectively. There were no infants of stage IV and V. There were 30 infants (14.6%) with additional lesions and 59 infants (19.7%) with severe ROP requiring treatment. With the increase of GA ( χ2=52.391, 44.521; P=0.000, 0.000) and BW ( χ2=43.772, 26.138; P=0.000, 0.000), the incidence of EPI ROP and the incidence of severe ROP decreased significantly. From 2011 to 2018, the number of people surviving EPI obviously increased, especially those with small GA (26 weeks) and low BW (750 g). The average GA of the second stage EPI was lower than that of the first stage, the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.243, P=0.026); the average BW of the second stage EPI was lower than the first stage, the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.428, P=0.154). The incidence of ROP in the second stage EPI was slightly higher than that in the first stage, and the incidence of severe ROP was lower than that in the first stage, the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2=1.069, 1.723; P=0.301, 0.189). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GA<27 weeks ( β=-2.584, P=0.032), maternal chorioamnionitis (CA) ( β=-0.935, P=0.038) and BPD ( β=-1.432, P=0.001) was an independent risk factor for severe ROP. Conclusions:The incidence of EPI ROP and severe ROP are 68.3% and 19.7%, respectively. From 2011 to 2018, the number of survivors of EPI obviously increase, and those with small GA and low BW increase significantly; however, the incidence of ROP and severe ROP remaine stable. GA, CA and BPD are independent risk factors for severe ROP.

60 strains which have antimicrobial activity had been isolated from nutritious soil in China in the study.We have further selected 1 strain which product broad-spectrum antibiotics using agar well-diffusion method.The strain was identified Brevibacillus laterosporus after physiological biochemical characteristic experiments,sequencing of 16S rDNA and cluster analysis,named S62-9.

Objective To compare the glucose levels and associated factors among the normal glucose tolerance subjects with different age.Methods Totally a community-based population of 2098 residences aged above 30 years Were tested with OGTT,and classified into normal glucose tolerance group(NGT),impaired glucose tolerance group(IGT),impaired fasting glucose group(IFG),both IGT and IFG group(ICT/IFC),anddiabetes group(DM) according to fasting and 2 hours glucose level(2 hPG).The subjects in NGT group were further divided into 5 groups according to different ages.The levels of blood glucose and HBCI in different groups and subgroups were measured and analyzed statistically. Results For patients in NGT,the FPG([5.17.±0.48]mmol/L vs.[5.09±0.44]mmol/L,P<0.05)and HbA1c([6.01±0.62]%vs.[5.95±0.66]%.P<0.05)in group aged 60-69 Were higher than that in group aged 50-59.The FPG in group aged 60-69 was also higher than those in group aged 40-49([5.17±0.48]mmol/L vs.[5.00±0.47]mmol/L,P<0.01),and the FPG in group aged 50-59 Was also higher than those in group aged 40-49([5.09±0.44]mmol/L vs..[5.00±0.47]mmol/L,P<0.01).There was no correlation between age and FINS,while a tendency of decreasing HBCI could be observed along with increasing of age(F=33.75,P<0.05).Conclusion In NGT subjects,the FPG and HbA1 C inereased along with age.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; methods ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Paraffin Embedding ; methods ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate rite effects of loag-term exposure to low-level sevoflurane on reproductive function in mice.Method F0ny male ICR mice,aged 60 d,weighlag 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=10 each):control group received no sevoflunme(C);group S1-3 were exposed to 0.003%.0.01% and 0.03% sevoflurane 2 h per day for 5 consecutive days per week for 8 weeks respectively. The mice were then sacrificed at the end of the 8 weeks.The testes and epididymis were emoved and sampled for determination of the activities of total lactic dehydregenase(LDH)and lactic dehydrogenase-X(LDH-X),and the motility rate,amount,and aberration rate of sperm.Testicular uhrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The sperm motifity nne were significantly lower.the sperm aberration rate higher and the activity of LDH-X lower in group S3 than in group C(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the above parametem between group SI and group S2(P>0.05).The pathology changed of testes occurred only in group S3 among the 3 groups.Conclusion Long-term exposure to 0.03% sevoflurane can result in the abnormality of the reproductive function in male mice but exposure to≤0.01%sevoflurane dose not.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the pathomorphologic changes between the pancreas in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and that in acute deaths of rats (within 48 hours) so as to find the distinctions. METHODS: The animal models of ANP and other acute deaths (electroshock, mechanic asphyxia/strangle, and acute poisoning with tetramine) were established according to the criteria. Half-quantitative grading and image quantitative analysis methods were employed to observe the gross and microscopic changes of the pancreases. RESULTS: Three features including inflammation infiltrate, fat necrosis and calcium deposit in the ANP group were considerably different from that in other acutely died rat group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Inflammation infiltrate, fat necrosis and calcium deposit are the most important pathologic features found in ANP by common light microscope, distinguishing ANP from postmortem pancreatic autolysis.
Animals ; Autolysis ; Female ; Forensic Pathology ; Male ; Pancreas/pathology* ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/pathology* ; Poisoning/pathology* ; Postmortem Changes ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

An expression plasmid carrying anthrax protective antigen (PA) gene was constructed, which has an OmpA signal sequence attached to the 5' end of PA gene. The plasmid was transformed into E. coli and induced to express recombinant PA (rPA) . The recombinant protein, about 10% of the total bacterial protein in volume, was secreted to the periplasmic space of the cell. After a purification procedure including ion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and gel filtration, about 15 mg of 95 % pure rPA was obtained from 1-liter culture. The bioactivity of rPA was proved by in vitro cytotoxicity assay. The polyclonal antiserum from rabbits immunized with rPA could inhibit the action of anthrax lethal toxin in vitro, which suggests that antibodies against rPA can provide high passive protection against anthrax. The results reported here may be helpful to develop a safe and efficacious recombinant PA vaccine against anthrax.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anthrax Vaccines ; immunology ; Antigens, Bacterial ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; toxicity ; Bacterial Toxins ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; toxicity ; Base Sequence ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of dexamethasone on airway morphology and on the expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and its tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2 in the airway of asthmatic rats.

METHODSForty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, asthmatic, and dexamethasone-treated asthmatic groups. Asthma was induced by repeated sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin in the latter two groups. The dexamethasone intervention group received an intraperitonea injection of dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) before asthma challenge. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the airway. Airway thickness was estimated by a computerized digital image analyzer.

RESULTSAirway thickness in the asthmatic group (33.9333+/-8.3791 micro m2/micro m) increased significantly compared with that in the control group (21.1333+/-2.7740 micro m2/micro m) (P<0.01). The dexamethasone intervention group also showed increased thickness of the airway (27.4000 +/- 4.6105 micro m2/micro m) compared with the control group (P<0.01), but the airway thickness in the dexamethasone intervention group was significantly reduced compared with that in the untreated asthmatic group (P<0.01). The expression of Ang-1 (103.9487+/-8.2914 vs 76.0320+/-3.7728; P<0.01) and Tie-2 (99.2307+/-8.1913 vs 75.3153+/-3.7321; P<0.01) in the airway increased significantly in the asthmatic group compared to controls. The expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the airway of the dexamethasone intervention group (90.6180+/-5.2339 and 86.6633+/-3.7321, respectively) was statistically higher than that in the control group (P<0.01) but statistically lower than that in the untreated asthmatic group (P<0.01). Ang-1 and Tie-2 expression in the airway was positively correlated with the thickness of airway (r(Ang)-1=0.719r(Tie)-2=0.746P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between Ang-1 and Tie-2 expression (r=0.742P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the airway increased in asthmatic rats and was positively correlated with the thickness of the airway. Ang-1 and Tie-2 may participate in the process of airway remodeling in asthma. Dexamethasone can decrease the expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the airway and relieve the changes of airway morphology.

Angiopoietin-1 ; analysis ; physiology ; Animals ; Asthma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Lung ; chemistry ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, TIE-2 ; analysis ; physiology

OBJECTIVEAccording to the information obtained from the revision of total hip arthroplasty, the situations of the artificial femoral stem under physiological stress were analyzed preliminarily. In order to accumulate clinical experience, the discussions about how to enlongate the life of artifical joints were performed.

METHODSFifty-three patients required revision operations were selected, including 28 males and 25 females,with an average age of 74.66 years old (61 to 84 years old). The average life of artificial joints was 18.24 years (3 to 27 years). The initial weightbearing was started 11 days (5 to 16 days) after the first operation. The main reasons for the revision were the spontaneous loosening and trauma. Based on imaging and surgical findings, as well as the histological pathology, the situations of the stems in human bodies were determined.

RESULTSFemoral prosthesis would sink under physiological stress. The design of femoral stems, motion of patients', and bone growth determined the secondary stability. Straight stems were helpful for physiological subsidence of prosthesis, achieving the stability with close bone-implant contact by bone growth,which allowed the patient to do early landing exercise. The collared prosthesis and prosthesis combined with internal fixation limited the subsidence of femoral stems. Their stability depends on the time of initial placement and the bone growth for supporting. Delaying the inital weightbearing was suggested for patients with these protheses.

CONCLUSIONAccording to the actual situation of the patients, the appropriate chosen of femoral stems and time to perform the weightbearing can extend the life of the femoral prosthesis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Design

Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of locally-produced pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection in the treatment of bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.Methods A multi-center double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety of pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride in treatment for acute bacterial infection, as compared to those of levofloxacin hydrochloride and glucose injection as control treatment.A total of 244 patients with acute bacterial infection of respiratory and urinary tract were enrolled in the studies.120 in trial group and 120 in control group, with four withdrawals.Pazufloxacin mesilate and levofloxacin were administered intravenously by drip at a dose of 300 mg and 200 mg, every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days for trial and control groups, respectively.Resuits Overall efficacy of pazufloxacin mesilate was 77.0 percent and 93.5 percent in treatment for acute bacterial infections of respiratory and urinary tract.respectively, and that of levofloxacin was 80.6 percent and 89.6 percent, respectively.Overall bacterial clearance rate WaS 91.5 percent for pazufloxacin mesilate, 89.6 percent for respiratory tract infection and 94.1 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.and 93.4 percent for levofloxacin, 97.3 percent for respiratory tract infection and 89.7 percent for urinary tract infection, respectively.No significant difference in adverse drug reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05)was found, with 4.88 percent and 7.44 percent for trial and control groups, respectively.Conclusions Pazufloxacin mesilate sodium chloride injection produced locally is a safe and effective antibiotic in treatment for acute infections of respiratory and urinary tract.