Objective To investigate the proper dose of propofol injected intraperitoneally ( i.p.) in neonatal rats and to study the regional distribution of propofol at different doses in the neonatal brain.Methods Part I:Sixty postnatal 7-day-old rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, which received different doses of propofol injected i.p.The behavior, anesthetic intervals and arterial blood gas were recorded.Part II: Twenty neonatal rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:anesthesia group ( group A) and sedation group ( group S) , and were injected propofol i.p.at the proper dose ac-cording to the results of Part I.Rats were decapitated when they reached the ideal anesthesia depth.The regional concen-tration of propofol in different regions of the brain was examined by high performance liquid chromatography.Results 25 mg/kg propofol i.p.was the sedate dose for neonatal rats, while 75 mg/kg i.p.was the anesthetic dose.In the group S, the concentration of propofol in the thalamus was significantly higher than in other regions (P<0.05), while in the group A, the concentrations of propofol in the frontal and parietal cortex were obviously lower, and the concentrations of propofol in the hippocampus and cingulate gyrus were obviously higher than that in other regions (P<0.05).Conclusions Propo-fol is a suitable anesthetic for neonatal rats and its distribution in the brain is quite different when given at different doses.

Objective To investigate the expression and signification of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(bcl-2),bax and ER proteins in epithelial cells in different depth of adenomyosis.Methods Expression and correlation of bcl-2,bax and ER proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry staining in 36 adenomyosis cases with superficial (＜ 1/2 depth of penetration) and deep (≥ 1/2 depth of penetration)ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrial tissues matched with 30 cases with benign ovarian tumor,uterine septum,pelvic floor dysfunction without adenomyosis as controls.Results (1) The expression of ER protein in superficial and deep ectopic tissues (5.04 ±0.24,4.91 ±0.16) were found significantly lower than 6.06 ± 0.36 in eutopic tissues (P ＜ 0.01) and higher than 3.70 ± 0.58 in control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference of ER expression in superficial and deep ectopic endometrium (P ＞ 0.05).(2) The level of bcl-2 protein of 5.6 ± 0.4 in superficial and 6.0 ± 0.3 in deep myometrium of ectopic tissues were significantly higher than 3.6 ± 0.4 in eutopic tissues and 1.9 ± 0.4 in control group (P ＜ 0.01).(3) The level of bax protein of 3.50 ± 0.28 in superficial and 4.80 ± 0.29 in deep myometrial ectopic and 4.43 ± 0.37 in eutopic tissues were significantly lower than 6.18 ± 0.65 in control groups (P ＜0.05).The expression of bax in superficial myometrium is significantly lower than deep myometrium in ectopic tissues (P ＜0.01).(4) The positive correlation between the expression of ER and bcl-2 protein at superficial myometrium of ectopic tissues (r =0.720,P ＜ 0.01).And there was no significant correlation with the expression of ER and bax protein at superficial myometrium (r =0.008,P ＞ 0.05).As well as,there was not significant correlation with the expression of bcl-2,bax and ER protein at deep myometrium (r =0.089,r =-0.023,P ＞ 0.05).The expression of bax protein in ectopic endometrium was positive correlation with the depth of adenomyosis penetration (r =0.736,P ＜ 0.01).There was positive correlation between the expression of ER and bcl-2 protein at normal endometrium (r =0.453,P ＜ 0.05).And there was negative correlation between the expression of ER and bax protein at control group (r =-0.514,P =0.05).Conclusion The bax protein expression of ectopic endometrium in deep adenomyosis was higher than superficial adenomyosis.

Objective To study the relationship between FAB‐classifying standard and immunophenotype of leukemia in clinical diagnostic and treatment .Methods There were 462 cases of leukemia according to FAB‐classifying standard and 34 cases by immu‐nophenotype in our hospital from 2011 to 2013 .The results of FAB‐classifying standard and immunophenotype were statisticed and compared .Results Among the 462 cases ,there were 171 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ,50 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) , 76 chronic leukemia ,3 rare types ,56 unclear types and 27 mismatched according the FAB‐classifying standard .The diagnostic rate was 82 .03% .34 cases of immunophenotype included 29 single phenotype ,4 double phenotypes and 1 unknown .The diagnosis rate was 97 .06% .CD13 and CD33 have high positive express in AML ;CD34 and HLA‐DR do not express in M3 ;CD7 which was known as a lymphatic antigen also was founded in AML .Conclusion The combing use of FAB‐classifying standard and immunophenotype can improve diagnostic rate ,and immunophenotype has an important role in differentiating different subtypes of leukemia .

Objective To investigate the cooperative antifungal effect of antibacterial peptide MUC7 combined with Bifidobacte‐ria in vitro .Methods The antifungal effect was observed and measured by viable count and the Oxford cup method .Results Two methods exhibited more potent antifungal effect on Candida albicans ,Candida albicans ,Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis in MUC7 combined with Bifidobacteria group .The colonies′numbers in MUC7 combined with Bifidobacteria group were 2 .00 ± 1 .13 , 2 .00 ± 1 .42 ,5 .00 ± 2 .03 ,2 .00 ± 1 .39 respectively by viable counting ,which was lower than thoes in the saline group and Bifidobacterium group (P<0 .01) ,these two groups were significant lower than those in MUC7 group (P<0 .05);the inhibition zone in MUC7 combined with Bifidobacteria group were (29 .00 ± 2 .17) ,(31 .00 ± 3 .25) ,(29 .00 ± 2 .89) ,(30 .00 ± 3 .36)mm de‐tected by the Oxford cup method ,which showed a significantly difference with the saline group ,Bifidobacterium group and MUC7 group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Antibacterial peptide MUC7 combined with Bifidobacterium exhibits good antifungal effect which may provide a foundation for the further research on a new generation of antifungal Bifidobacterium preparation .

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between Pi and Shen by observing the relationship between the metabolism of aristolochic acid (AA) and mRNA and protein expression levels of organic anion transporting polypeptide (oatp) superfamily member 2a1 and 2 b1 (oatp2al and oatp2bl) in renal, small intestinal, and large intestinal tissues of Pi deficiency syndrome (PDS) model rats.

METHODSTotally 46 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e., the blank group (n = 12), the PDS group (n = 22), the AA-I group (n = 6), and the PDS AA-I group (n = 6). PDS model was established by subcutaneously injecting Reserpine at the daily dose of 5 mg/kg for 16 successive days. Carotid intubation was performed in 6 rats selected from the blank group and the PDS group. Pharmacokinetics of AA-I were detected at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after gastrogavage of AA-I. AA-I concentrations in renal, small intestinal, and large intestinal tissues of 10 rats selected from the PDS group were determined. Normal saline was administered to 6 rats selected from the PDS group and the blank group by gastrogavage. Renal, small intestinal, and large intestinal tissues were collected in the AA-I group and the PDS AA-I group at 60 min after gastrogavage of AA-I. mRNA and protein expression levels of oatp2a1 and oatp2b1 in each tissue were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, plasma concentrations of in vivo AA-I were obviously higher in the PDS group at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after gastrogavage of AA-I with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of AA-I were obviously decreased at 60 min after gastrogavage of AA-I; AA-I concentrations in renal and large intestinal tissues were elevated; AA-I concentrations in small intestinal tissues were obviously reduced in the PDS group. There was no statistical difference in mRNA expression levels of oatp2a1 and oatp2b1 in the aforesaid three tissues of rats between the blank group and the PDS group. Compared with the blank group, mRNA expression levels of oatp2a1 and oatp2b1 decreased in small intestinal tissues of the AA-I group, and the mRNA expression level of oatp2a1 in large intestinal tissues significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the PDS group, mRNA expression levels of oatp2a1 and oatp2b1 increased in renal tissues of the PDS AA-I group (P < 0.05); mRNA expression levels of oatp2b1 increased in large intestinal tissues of the PDS AA-I group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe difference in AA-I metabolism might be associated with changed expression levels of oatp2a1 and oatp2b1 in renal, small intestinal, and large intestinal tissues under Pi deficiency induced loss of transportation. Shen and Dachang played important roles in substance metabolism under Pi deficiency state, which proved Pi-Shen correlated in Chinese medical theories.

Animals ; Anions ; Aristolochic Acids ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Kidney ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Peptides ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To compare the impact of anterior and inferior-posterior regional wall motion abnormalities on the vortex in systolic phase by vector flow map(VFM) technique.Methods Sixty patients with myocardial infarction were divided into 2 groups:the left anterior descending artery single branch lesion group (LAD group) and the left circumflex artery and/or right coronary artery lesion group (LCX/RCA group).By VFM technique,left ventricular systolic blood flow field was observed.Parameters such as the vortex duration were calculated and compared between two patient groups and also with healthy control group.Results LAD group did not show significant difference from the control group in isovolumic systolic vortex,this group was characterized with large size of vortex and usually forming local vortex at the apex in early ejection.On the contrary,LCX/RCA group had small isovolumic systolic vortex,the early ejection vortex of this group was significantly smaller than that of LAD group and larger than that of control group.The phenomenon was usually observed in the center of the lumen.Both LAD and LCX/RCA group had longer total vortex duration and vortex collapse time than the healthy control group,these differences were not significant between LAD and LCX/RCA group.There were no significant differences in isovolumic vortex duration among the three groups.Conclusions Anterior wall infarction had more impact on systolic blood flow field than inferior-posterior wall infarction.The VFM technique could be applied for observation and evaluation of the changes in vortex characteristics.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in hippocampus during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats with spontaneous hypertension (SH) .Methods One hundred and thirty-five male rats (homologous with WKY) with SH and 90 male normotensive WKY rats, weighing 275-325 g,were used in this study. The WKY rats were randomized into 2 groups ( n = 45 each) : sham operation group (WS group) and cerebral I/R group (W-I/R group) . The rats with SH were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 45each) : sham operation group (S-S group), cerebral I/R group (S-I/R group) and curcumin group (S-C group) .Global cerebral ischemia was produced by 4 vessel-occlusion method. The bilateral common carotid arteries were only exposed but not ligated in W-S and S-S groups. Intraperitoneal corn oil 10 ml/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in W-I/R and S-I/R groups. Intraperitoneal curcumin 100 mg/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in S-C group. Three animals in each group were sacrificed at 2 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d of reperfusion and their brains were harvested for determination of apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of JNK3 and PSD95in hippocampus. Results The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased in S-S group compared with W-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased and the expression of JNK3was up-regulated in S-I/R group compared with S-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly decreased and the expression of JNK3 was down-regulated in S-C group compared with S-I/R group (P <0.05) . There was no significant difference in the expression of PSD95 among all the groups ( P > 0.05) . Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the mechanism is related to down-regulation of the expression of JNK3 in hippocampus. The mechanism by which curcumin down-regulates the expression of JNK3in hippocampus may not be related to PSD95 pathway.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of greenlight photoselective vaporization of prostate (PVP) in high-risk elder patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods A total of 120 high-risk elder patients with BPH underwent PVP procedure. The operating time, blood 1oss, indwelling catheterization and operation-related complications were monitored. The variables such as international prostate symptom score (IPSS), Quality of life (QOL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and residual urine volume (RUV) were recorded and compared pre- and post-operatively. Results All the 120 patients had a good peri-operative condition. The mean operating time was (52. 6 ± 5.8 )min, intraoperative blood loss was (20.4 ±9.5) ml. Among the 120 cases,26 did not received postoperative catheterization. In the other 94 cases received postoperative catheterization, the mean catheterization time was (24. 5 ± 15.9) hour. IPSS and QOL scores decreased from (28.5 ± 3.8) and (5.0 ± 0.8) preoperatively to (7.2 ± 1.8) and (1.5 ± 0.6)postoperatively. Qmax increased from ( 5.2 ± 3.1 ) ml/s to ( 15.2 ± 4.3 ) ml/s, and RUV decreased from ( 118.6 ± 15.2) ml to ( 16. 5 ± 4. 6) ml. There was significant difference for these parameters before and after the operation (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The PVP is considered to be a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure to treat BPHin high-risk elder patients. It is easy to manipulate, with advantages of shorter operating time,less blood loss, better tolerance and rapid recovery, especially for high-risk elder patients with BPH.

Objective: To analyze the current status and equity of mental health resources allocation in Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide data supports to formulate mental health action plans and relevant policies. . Methods: The data pertaining to mental health institutions, actual beds opened, certified or assistant psychiatrists and registered nurses was collected from the Survey of the Current Status on Mental Health Resources in Shanghai Municipality in 2020. The equity of mental health resources allocated by population and geographical area in Shanghai Municipality was evaluated with Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient Results: There were 96 mental health institutions, 15 060 actual beds opened, 257 certified or assistant psychiatrists and 2 887 registered nurses in Shanghai Municipality in 2020, with a physician-to-nurse ratio of 1∶2.30. The greatest numbers of actual beds opened in the department of psychiatrics, the number of certified or assistant psychiatrists and the number of registered nurses per 10 000 residents and per km2 were all found the central urban areas. The numbers of actual beds opened in the department of psychiatrics, the number of certified or assistant psychiatrists and the number of registered nurses per 10 000 residents were 6.06 beds, 0.51 physicians and 1.16 nurses, with Gini coefficients of 0.36, 0.42 and 0.44, respectively, and the numbers of actual beds opened in the department of psychiatrics, the number of certified or assistant psychiatrists and the number of registered nurses per km2 were 2.38 beds, 0.20 physicians and 0.46 nurses, with Gini coefficients of 0.72, 0.76 and 0.75, respectively. Conclusions There was a gross equity in mental health resources allocated by population and geographical area in Shanghai Municipality in 2020, which showed an improvement as compared to 2015. The equity in mental health resources allocated by geographical area was lower than that by population in Shanghai Municipality.

OBJECTIVETo analyze micromovement of distal tihiofihular joints in different motion range of ankle joint ,and define the micromovement characteristic and range of distal tibiofihular joints.

METHODSTwelve normal Chinese were chosen. There were 9 males and 3 females, aged from 19 to 37 years old with an average (26.5 +/- 0.5) years. Detection terminals of laser photographic scanner were installed near the highest point between medial malleolus and lateral malleolos, the change of detection terminals on the position of dorsiflex, extension, introversion and eversion of ankle joint were scanned by 3D-laser scanner. The displacement of two detection terminals on the X ,Y and Z-axis (X-axis stands for the vertical-axis between coronal plane and Z-axis Y-axis stands for the vertical-axis between sagittal plane and Z-axis Z-axis stands for macroaxis of tibia).

RESULTSAlong with increased range of motion on the position of dorsiflex ,extension, introversion and eversion of ankle joint, the range of micromovement of distal tibiofibolar joints increased too. The max-displacement of X, Y and Z were respectively (1.04 +/- 0.12) mm, (1.70 +/- 0.16) mm and--(0.87 +/- 0.10) mm.

CONCLUSION3D-laser scanner can be used to determine the detailed displacement of distal tibiofibolar joint on the X , Y and Z, and measure the motion of distal tibiofibular joint. The method can be used to study the pathologic change of distal tibiofibular joint ,and provide basic biomechnics data for internal fixtor fitting for the characteristic of distal tibiofibular joint.

Adult ; Ankle Joint ; physiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Fibula ; Humans ; Male ; Movement ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tibia ; Young Adult