italic>Cannabis sativa, one of the ancient medicinal plants, has been used to alleviate pain and seizures. However, cannabinoids are often addictive, which limits their clinical use. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, has much weaker adverse effects than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and therefore has received widespread attention. CBD has been found to ameliorate a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, but the precise mechanism(s) of action are still unclear. Due to its low affinity for classical cannabinoid receptors current studies are focusing on other targets outside the endocannabinoid system. In the present review we mainly summarize the effects and molecular mechanisms of CBD in neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, and depression.

Objective To screen the proteins binding with HBV X-promoter and to investigate their potential role in the regulation of replication and expression of HBV DNA. Methods By using HBV X biotinylated promoter DNA as the selective molecule, the T7 select human liver cDNA library was biopanned and positive clones were selected. After screening, positive plaques were performed to amplify for inserted DNA fragment and cloned into pGEM-Teasy vector. Thirty positive plaques were chosen for DNA sequencing. Results Five kinds of known and nine kinds of novel cDNA sequences were obtained. The 5 kinds of known ones are human serum albumin, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, prokininase, ubiquitin specific protease 10, and testis enhanced gene transcript. Conclusion The binding proteins of HBV Xp DNA were identified by phage display. The results suggest that this approach provides a new search tool for the study of replication and expression mechanism of HBV DNA.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the approach to launch pharmaceutical care in hospital preparation room.METHODS:The contents of launching pharmaceutical care in the preparation room of our hospital were analyzed and summarized retrospectively.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:A shifting toward technical service is on the way by launching pharmaceutical care in hospital preparation room.

Objective To explore the correlation between intestinal mucosal immune barrier and pathogenesis of pigment gallstone and its possible mechanism.Methods Eighty guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group(group CON),pigment gallstone group(group PS),and intestinal mucosal protection group(group GLN).The guinea pigs were fed with normal diet in group CON,pigment gallstonein during diet in group PS,and glutamine-supplemented diet in group GLN for 8 weeks.The guinea pig model of pigment gallstone was established.The incidence of pigment gallstone was detected.The morphology of intestinal mucosa was observed,and the numbers of CD3~+T cell,CD40~+B cell,and IgA~+ plasma cell were counted.Results The incidence of pigment gallstone was significantly higher in group PS than in groups GLN and CON(P＜0.05).Compared with group CON,the intestinal wall was significant thinner and represented obvious signs of inflammation in group PS,and the numbers of CD3~+ T cell,CD40~+ B cell,and IgA~+ plasma cell significantly decreased(CD3~+ T cell,21.8±2.5 vs 11.1±3.4,P＜0.01;CD 40~+B cell,12.9±2.0 vs 10.7±3.6,P＜0.01;IgA~+ plasma cell,12.4±3.4 vs 10.7±3.5,P＜0.01).The signs of inflammation were less severe in group GLN than in group PS.There were significant differences in the numbers of CD3~+ T cell,CD40~+ B cell,and IgA~+plasma cell between groups GLN and PS.Conclusion Intestinal barrier dysfunction,including mechanical barrier and immune barrier,is involved in the formation of pigment gallstone.Glutamine has proved to improve the function of intestinal mucosal barrier and decrease the incidence of pigment gallstone.

Background Recombinant hirudin variant Ⅲ(rHV3) can effectively prevent galactose-induced human lens epithelial cells LECs injury,but little is known about the molecular mechanism of its action.Objective The present study was to investigate the effects of rHV3 on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in damaged LECs induced by galactose.Methods The rHV3 was extracted by our research group,and the biological activity of rHV3 was identified by titration of thrombase according to Markwardt's method.Human LECs (SRA01/04) were cultured using 125×10-3 mol/L D-galactose+10% FBS+D/F12 medium to establish the damaged human LECs model.rHV3 was added into the medium of the damaged human LECs model.Human LECs were cultured in D/F12 medium containing 10% FBS as normal control.The expression of apoptosis-related genes,such as aldose reductase (AR),bax,bcl2 and p53,in LECs at the mRNA level was detected using RT-PCR.The abundance ratio of target genes was presented with the absorbance (A) of gene mRNA/GAPDH mRNA.Results Compared to the normal control group,the A values of AR mRNA/GAPDH mRNA,bax mRNA/GAPDH mRNA and p53 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA were significantly elevated in model group (t=3.90E-06,t=8.44E-04,t=5.15E-08,P＜0.01).However,in the rHV3-treated group,the A values of AR mRNA/GAPDH mRNA,bax mRNA/GAPDH mRNA and p53 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA were lower than those of model group (t=5.90E-06,t=1.51E-04,t=3.42E-06,P＜0.01).The bcl2 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA was markedly downregulated in the model group when compared with the normal control group (t=1.86E-05,P＜0.01);while after rHV3 addition,bcl2 mRNA/GAPDH mRNA increased in comparison with the model group (t=8.56E-05,P＜0.01).Conclusion 125×10-3mol/L D-galactose induces the damage and apoptosis of human LECs.rHV3 likely plays a protective function on D-galactose-induced damage of human LECs by inhibiting the polyol pathway and mitochondria-mediated pathway.

Objective To analyze the levels and speciation of arsenic metabolites in urine of rats treated with sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate in order to investigate the different aspects of metabolism between sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate,thus to understand further the basic data about relationship between it's metabolism and mechanism of toxicity. Methods Seventy Wistar rats,weighting 80-120 g,were divided into 7 groups of 10 each,such as normal control group,high,middle and low sodium arsenite group and high,middle and low sodium arsenate group. After the animals were fed for one month,the urine was collected by metabolic cage in 12 hours. Applying the high efficiency liquid chromatography and hydride genesis atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (HPLC-HGAFS),the levels and speciation of arsenic metabolites were determined in urine of rats. Meanwhile,the recovery rate of dimethyl arsinic acid(DMA) would be determined to estimate the degree of accuracy of results. Results The levels of iAs~(3+),iAs~(5+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenite group[(121.66±1.26),(10.26±2.68),(200.91±0.56) μg/L]were higher than the high sodium arsenite group[(113.20±0.75),(5.16±1.32),(147.70±μ0.77)μg/L,all P < 0.05]and low sodium arsenite group[(79.35±2.12),(5.13±2.25),(56.35±1.23)μg/L,all P < 0.05]. The levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenate group[(315.81±1.69),(245.12±1.18)μg/L]were higher than the high sodium arsenate group[(85.03±0.56),(110.34±1.04)μg/L,all P< 0.05]and low sodium arsenate group[(22.97±2.67),(15.75±2.15)μg/L,all P < 0.05]. Compared with sodium arsenate group,the levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in high and low sodium arsenite group were higher(all P < 0.05) ; and the levels of iAs~(3+) and DMA in middle sodium arsenite group were lower(all P < 0.05). Meanwhile,the average urinary recovery rate of DMA of rats in different sodium arsenite group were 94.80%-102.70%,and the average urinary recovery rate of DMA of rats in different sodium arsenate group were 95.33%-108.40%. Conclusion The speciation and levels of arsenic are influenced by the external exposure dose,and some distinction appeared in the metabolism and metabolic path between sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate in urine in vivo.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Rats

Adolescent ; Female ; Heart Failure ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications

SUN Shu-chun,the chief researcher,is one of the famous expert of osteo-traumatology of TCM.He makes systematic sort and study on chirismus on basis of succeeding experience predecessors and his own years of clinic experience.He is good at treating cervical syndrome with TCM chirismus,especially combine it with drugs.In osteo-traumatology academic circles,he is called "the best doctor at home".Professor SUN advocates that the rule of applying various therapies according to different conditions,combination of rigid-flexible,light,skill,gentle,harmony should be obey when we use chirismus.His diagnostic and therapeutic methods and thoughts are original and ingenious.In this article,the author analyzes the academic experience of tendon trauma of professor SUN.

Objective:To study the cytokine mechanism of Jiawei Xuanfei Toujie Ji(JXT)therapy to influenza infected mouse.Methods:Mice were inoculated intranasally with mouse lung-adapted influenza virus strain(FM1),and were treated with JXT. At 5th days after postinoculation were sacrificed, and IL-2,TNF-?,IL-6,IFN-? in their sera were measured with ELISA kits, their lungs sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.Results:Compared with model group ,the levels of IL-2 and IFN-? in JXT group were dramatically higher,and the levels of TNF-? and IL-6 were lower,and pathological effects of influenza pneumonia showed less lung injury.Conclusion:Regulative effects on cytokine may be one of the factors that JXT decrease the pathogenesis of influenza-induced acute lung injury.