Child ; Cryptosporidiosis ; complications ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; Cyclospora ; Cyclosporiasis ; complications ; Diarrhea ; complications ; Humans ; Hypoproteinemia ; complications ; Male

Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Frontal Bone ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; pathology ; Humans ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; metabolism ; pathology ; Skull Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of propofol in relieving pain during fibrobronchoscopy when it is used in general intravenous anesthesia.METHODS:160patients undergoing fibrobronchoscopy were randomly divided into propofol group and control group.90patients in the propofol group were anesthetized intravenously by injection of propofol at the dosage of1.5mg/kg and speed of30mg/10s and then underwent fibrobronchoscopy;While70patients in the control group underwent regular fibrobronchoscopy.RESULTS:The lash reflex disappeared within(40.73?7.91)seconds after propofol injection,and patients became conscious within(5.39?1.85)minutes after stopping injection,full consciousness occurred at(10.82?2.73)minutes.Electrocardiogram did not show any signs of change in blood pressure,myocardial ischemia and cardiac dysrhythmia,the post-operative satisfaction rate was96%as compared with81%in the control group.The patients in the propofol group showed extensive willingness for second fibrobronchoscopy,while the patients in the control group presented cough,struggle,and20%of them refused the second fibrobronchoscopy.CONCLUSION:It is safe and effective to apply propofol in painless fibrobronchoscopy.

Background Many methods are widely studied to improve the therapeutic effect of trabeculectomy for glaucoma,and the clinical effectiveness of the amniotic membrane application during trabeculectomy is one of the research hotspots.Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety between trabeculectomy with (TE-AMT) and without amniotic membrane transplantation (TE-noAMT) for treating glaucoma.Methods Articles published from 1965 to December 2010 were searched from The Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE,CNKI,Chinese Biomedicine Database,internet by computer,and manual search then was performed according to the predetermined strategy.Randomized controlled trials (RCT) on TE-AMT and TE-noAMT were included.The quality of included articles were scored based on Jadad table,and the relative parameters and information were extracted,including author,design of the trials,country,number of eyes and patients,gender,follow-up duration,age,classification of glaucoma,baseline IOP and loss rate.The main analysis indicators were the percentage of IOP reduction,completely operative successful rate,qualified success rate and adverse events.The pooled estimates were carried out with RevMan version 5.0 software.Results Nineteen RCTs documents were reviewed by meta-analysis with the Jaded scores ≥3 in 2 papers and ＜3 in 17 papers.Total 977 eyes of 818 patients were included.The weighted mean differences (WMD) of the percentage of IOP from baseline were (WMD =8.47％,95％ CI:5.20-11.75) at 6 months and (WMD=9.37％,95％ CI:4.97-13.77) at 12 months postoperatively.Relative risk (RR) of complete success rate and qualified success rate at postoperative 6 months were (1.40,95％ CI:1.19-1.65) and (0.47,95％ CI:0.22-1.00),respectively.RR values of adverse event such as shallow anterior chamber,hyphema,hypotony and choroidal detachment,failed filtering blebs at 6,12 months were 0.51 (95 ％ CI:0.30-0.85),0.43 (95％ CI:0.20-0.92),0.51(95％CI:0.26-1.00) and 0.57(95％CI:0.14-2.31),0.31(95％CI:0.20-0.47),0.31 (95％ CI:0.17-0.55),respectively.Conclusions TE-AMT appears to have better efficacy in lowering IOP,increasing complete success rate and reducing adverse event I in comparison with TE-noAMT.

China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes ; physiology ; Listeriosis ; epidemiology ; Serotyping

Objective To establish a method for determination of 13 kinds of aldehyde and ketone pollutants in indoor air by HPLC at one time. Methods The aldehyde and ketone compounds in the air react with 2 4-DNPH and form hydrazone derivatives then determined by HPLC with SPD detection at a flow of CH3CN∶H2O 70∶30 365 nm wavelength. Results 13 kinds of hydrazone were favorably separated the average recovery rates were 96%～101% the lowest detection limits were 0.002～0.02 mg/m3 the linearity range was 0.1～4.0 mg/m3. Conclusion This method can be used for quantitative analysis of 13 kinds of aldehyde or ketone pollutants in indoor air at one time.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical significance of rotational axis of distal femur on Chinese adults in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

METHODSThere were 86 Chinese adults (106 normal knees) including 47 males (53 knees) and 39 females (53 knees), 54 knees were on left and 52 on right. The CT scan was employed in the distal femur. The scan direction was aligned to be on the plane perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the femoral. The CT images of cross sections across lateral and medial femoral epicondyle were moved to personal computer,lateral angle between anterior posterior line (APL) and surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) (ATA),lateral angle between posterior condylar line (PCL) and APL (APA), angle between perpendicularity of APL and PCL (A-PA), posterior condylar angle (PCA), condylar twist angle (CTA), angle between clinical transepicondylar axis (CTEA) and STEA (CSA) were measured. These values were divided into different groups according to gender and side, the values of CTA, PCA, A-PA, angle PT (varus of tibia plateau), constant 3, ATA, APA and constant 90° were compared by statistically. A-PA and PCA, and CTA were analysed statistically with the liner regression, the relationship among CTEA, STEA ,PCL, APL and PLP were performed to assess by liner regression.

RESULTSATA was (89.79 ± 1.22)°, APA was (84.84 ± 1.83)°, A-PA was (5.16 ± 1.83)°, PCA was (4.80 ± 1.23)°, CTA was (8.23 ± 1.40), CSA was (3.45 ± 0.68)°. All the parameters had no differences on sex and side,but CSA had difference on male and female. There was no difference among angle PT, PCA, A-PA. There was significant difference in CAT, constant 30 and angle PT, PCA,A-PA. There was no difference between ATA and constant 90°, but there was difference between APA and constant 90°. There was relativity between PCA and CTA, and also PCA and A-PA, CTA and A-PA. There was significant relativity between STEA and CTEA, between STEA and APL, between STEA and PCL, and also between APLP, APL and PCL, but there was no significant relativity between PCL and CTEA.

CONCLUSIONTKA for Chinese, the section of femoral posterior condyle should be external 5° to obtain the optimum rotational orientation. The property is different entirely between STEA and CTEA, the rotational alignment is not performed according to parallel to the CTEA in distal femur. Among STEA, APL, PCL, the STEA is the most reliable mark ofrotational alignment of the distal femur, and the PCL is the less reliable mark.

Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Femur ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rotation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To compare clinical outcomes in eyes with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) with peripheral breaks managed by surgical protocols that result in either complete (CSFD) or partial subretinal fluid drainage (PSFD).Methods Following the clinical detection of a maculaoff RRD with peripheral retinal breaks,patients were offered the opportunity to enroll in the study,and those patients who signed the consent were evaluated for eligibility based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this clinical study,and if fully eligible they were assigned prospectively to one of the two surgical designs (PSFD or CSFD,1∶ 1) using a random number table.Seventy-two eyes of 72 patients were enrolled and studied.Patients were treated with 25G plus vitrectomy,endolaser or transscleral cryopexy,either complete (n=36),or partial (n=36) subretinal fluid drainage,and 14％C3F8 (PFO) was used for intraocular tamponade.After surgery,all patients were kept in a supine position for 24 hours,and then in a clinically optimal position for 6-10 days.The study patients were examined at 1,3 and 6 months after surgery with thorough ophthalmic examinations.Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was acquired in 1 month.Anatomical and visual outcomes as well as intra-operative and postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Furthermore,the persistence of subfoveal fluid in OCT images and the symptoms of distortion at 3 months were measured and recorded.The primary study endpoint of anatomic retinal reattachment for each group was based upon the 6-month time-point.Results The preoperative baseline characteristics between the two groups were not significantly different.The single-operation success rates were 88.9％ and 91.6％ respectively for the CSFD and the PSFD groups (x2 =0.158,P＞0.05).The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 month endpoint were 0.99± 0.52 minimum resoluation angle in logarithmic (logMAR) for the CSFD group and 1.07±0.34 logMAR for the PSFD group(t=0.580,P=0.564).The mean operative time was longer in the CSFD group (62.25± 4.32) minutes than that in the PSFD group (47.9 ± 5.0) minutes (t =0.580,P=0.564).seven of 29 (24.1％) phakic eyes in the CSFD group had lens injury during SRF drainage,and none of the 31-phakic eyes in the PSFD group sustained lens damage.Residual PFO was present in 6 of 36 CSFD cases (16.7％).Successful retinal reattachment after primary surgery was achieved in 33) PSFD eyes and in 32 CSFD eyes based upon OCT imaging at 1 month demonstrated reattached foveae with no residual subfoveal fluid.Among these patients,22 patients (62.5％) in the CSFD group and 23(69.7％) patients in the PSFD group reported distortion in the operated eye or/and a difference in image size between the two eyes at the 6 month visit (P=1.00).Conclusions Partial subretinal fluid drainage during pars plana vitrectomy for the repair of macula-off RRD with peripheral breaks is effective.The success rates are not statistically different.Additionally,PSFD procedures can simplify the surgery procedure,shorten operative time and,and to some extent,reduce the incidence of complications relevant to the CSFD approach.

Objective To investigate the risk factors on rectovaginal fistula after resection in rectal canc-er and clinical strategy. Methods Our retrospective study included 1123 patients of recter cancer who un-derwent anterior resection with TME technique. Results 3.03% patients(34/1123) developed reetovaginal fistula. Rectovaginal fistulas were raleted with menopausal, location tumor in rectal wall and distance between tumor and anal verge, anastomotic technique, while not with age, T stage, preoperative radiotherapy, diversion stoma construction. Among 34 patients 12 were cured conservatively, fistula repair and colon stoma were performed for the other patients. Conclusions Menopausal, location tumor in rectal wall, distance between tumor and anal verge, anastomotic technique were risk factors for rectovaginal fistula after resection in rectal cancer. Correct choice of surgical procedures, suitable operative timing, enough preoperative preparation are important.

Objective To evaluate the effect of moderate activities at moderate high altitude on acute mountain sickness (AMS) incidence .Methods Ninety-one healthy sea level residents traveled from sea level (345 m) to high altitude city (3200 m) ,by train within 48-hour .They walked 5 kilometers after 2-night stayed ,Lake Louis Score (LLS) Questionnaires ,blood pressure(BP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) was administered before and after walking .Results Seven subjects were excluded because of incomplete data .The incidence of AMS before and after exercise was 20 .24% (n=17/84) and 11 .90% (n=10/84) respectively(P>0 .05) .Af-ter a 5 kilometer walking ,the heart rate increased from (73 .83 ± 9 .96)bpm to(84 .31 ± 12 .55)bpm (P<0 .05) ,Systolic BP and SpO2 level decreased from(128 .86 ± 13 .93)mm Hg to (124 .48 ± 13 .13)mm Hg ,(92 .80 ± 2 .25)% to (89 .94 ± 2 .45)% (P<0 .05) .Headache symptom improved after walking (P<0 .05) .Smoking was negative correlate with LLS score before and after ex-ercise(P<0 .05) .There is no relation between SpO2 and LLS scores .Conclusion Walking five kilometers at 3200 m improve head-ache symptom and tend to decrease AMS .