0.05),the incidence of adverse drug reactions were 3.5% and 2.4%,respectively and the total treatment costs were(4 146.45?282.15)yuan and(4 807.20?318.15)yuan,respectively;and the cost-minimization analysis showed that manicol was the preferred therapy as compared with Glycerol Fructose.In the treatment of the patients with cerebral infarction complicating renal dysfunction,the total effective rates of the two drugs were 80.0% and 93.3%,respectively(P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tanreqing injection in treating children's viral pneumonia.METHODS:In this retrospective study,sixty children with viral pneumonia were randomly assigned to receive Tanreqing Injection(treatment Group,n=30)or Ribavirin(control Group,n=30).The clinical effects and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of the two groups were compared,and the cost-effectiveness analyses were performed.RESULTS:The effective rate was 100% in the treatment Group versus 80% in the control Group;the incidence rate of ADRs was 3.33% vs.13.33%;the cost was 297.88 vs.399.95 yuan;and the cost-effectiveness was 297.88 vs.499.94,all showing significant differences between the two groups(P

Objective:To improve the quality standard for Qingyuantiaozhi capsules. Methods:The main components of the prep-aration, such as Chrysanthemum, Anthraquinones, Hawthorn and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, were identified by TLC qualitatively. The content of chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum was determined by HPLC. A DIKMA Spursil C18(250 ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column was used with methanol-0. 2% phosphoric acid solution(9 ∶91) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was set at 327 mn and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The spots in TLC were clear without any interference. The cali-bration curve was linear within the range of 4. 425 2-30. 976 4μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for chlorogenic acid. The average recovery was 101. 18% (RSD=1. 88%, n=6). Conclusion:The improved quality standard is specific, accurate and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Qingyuantiaozhi capsules.

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD28 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neprilysin ; blood ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; blood ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; blood ; metabolism

Anal Canal ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore carrying rates of class 1, class 2 integrons as well as ISCR1 in Shigella isolates and their connection with drug resistance. Methods Antibiotic sensitivities were detected by K-B disk diffusion in 159 clinical isolates. Total bacteria DNA was prepared through boiling the isolates and the DNA was then used as template for PCR am?plification. PCR, ZSCR1 and sequencing analyse of integrons were applied to all of them. Results were compared by Blast and GenBank. Results Antibiotic sensitivity results showed that in the S. flexneri strains the incidence of resistance to tet?racycline and streptomycin were 88.68%and 81.13%in the S. flexneri strains while the incidence of resistant to chloram?phenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol were both 56.60%, and the incidence of multidrug drug resistance was 77.36%. In the sonnei strains, the incidence of resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazo were 97.17% and 95.28%, 83.96%and 76.42%respectively, and the incidence of multidrug resistance was 98.11%. Among all isolates, 118 were class 1 integron positive , 70 were class 2 integron positive and 89 were double positives. For those 118 isolates that are positive of class 1 integron, 23 were typical while 95 weres atypical. The gene cassettes of typical class 1 integrons contains aadA2, aa?dA1, dfrⅠ, blaoxa-10 and blaoxa-1. IntI1, aadA, blaoxa-1 and IS1 were included in the gene cassetes of the atypical class 1 integrons. Class 2 integrons positive isolates carried gene cassttes which include dfrA1, satl and aadA1. No ISCR1 was found in any isolate. Integron carriage strains were closely associated with higher rate of multiple antibiobic resistance com?pared with the organisms without integrons (90.65%,50%, P<0.05). Conlusion Class 1 and class 2 integrons were widely existence in Shigella isolates and were related to the multidrug resistance.

Objective This study aimed at exploring the causative genes and summarizing the clinical characteristics in two Chinese families with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection ( TAAD ) .Methods The whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify the causative gene.Family members were examined for features of syndromic ge-netic diseases by clinician and geneticist.Results Four known TAAD candidate genes were identified in family TAA01:rs140598(FBN1), rs185661462(MYH11), rs77620762(MYLK3), and rs111426349(TGFBR1).The TGFBR1 mutation (c.1459C>T) had been confirmed to co-segregate with the TAAD phenotype in all affected family members.Early onset of aortic root dilatation was significant in this family , and the average age at diagnosis of aortic root dilatation or aneurysm was23. 2 years.ACTA2(c.445C>T) was proved in family TAA02, and livedo reticularis was confirmed.Conclusion The causa-tive genes were identified via whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing in two TAAD families .Early onset of aortic root aneurysm was proved in TAA01, while livedo reticularis was found in TAA02.

Objective To validate a new standardized training program for urological surgeons to improve their laparoscopic surgical skills. Methods The laparoscopic surgical training program was carried out by using the traditional mechanical simulators and animal models. Thirty-three trainees participated the urological laparoscopic surgical training program. Initially, the novices were assigned to practise basic laparoscopic skills step by step on the simulator with fixed trocar positions. After a period of basic training, they were allowed to practise on animal models for some particular proce-dures. Results All trainees (33/33, 100.0%) participated were able to perform all basic techniques skillfully and completed laparoscopic anastomosis accurately after the training. The time required for performing the partial nephrectomy, dismembered pyeloplasty and ureteral reimplantation on animal models declined from 64.0±18.4, 127.54±17.5 and 75.84±11.6 min at the beginning to 30.94±3.8, 65.2±7. 5 and 37.7±7.2 min after practicing these procedures 8 times (P<0.01). They could un-derstand the crucial procedures of the laparoseopic surgeries after 6 to 8 special trainings on animal models. Fifteen trainees (15/33, 45.5%) had started to carry out laparoscopic surgeries after-finish- ing the training program. Conclusions Our program enables the participants to improve their techniques in complicated laparoscopic surgeries. The challenging parts of reconstructive laparoscopic surgeries such as laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty can be taught by using animal models. This program could be incorpo-rated easily by all urological departments developing a laparoscopie surgical training program.

Genomic DNA of two fungi Thamnidium elegans and Umbelopsis isabellina were extracted with an amended Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method. This modified method uses repeated freezing in liquid nitrogen and thawing with combination of shocking with glass beads to replace of the tra- ditional method. Quality and concentration of DNA extracted by the modified methodwere tested. Compared with the traditional method, higher yield and purity of genomic DNA were obtained with less amount ofmy- celium. The result indicted that this is a simple and highly efficient method, which is suitable to treat many samples at one time and for basic molecular experiments, such as restriction endonuclease reaction and PCR.

Objective To study the expression of VEGF-C and its receptor in breast carcinoma tissue and in peritumoral tissue,as well as their clinic significance.Methods Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to examine the expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR3 in 70 cases of breast cancer and in its peritu- moral tissue.Results In all 70 cases of breast cancer,the positive expression rate of VEGF-C in breast car- cinoma tissue was 78.6 %,and its rate in peritumoral tissue was 54.3 %.There was a significant stastistic dif- ference between the two groups(P