Physical performance is an ability with which the sufferers of lumbar disc herniation(LDH) achieve daily work and basic physical activity,including daily activities(such as the diverting movement from standing to sitting),functioning state of nerves and muscles,dailyworking ability and walking gait,etc.;abilities of body performance relative to pains,such as walking ten meters with loads,sit-stand test and Tread mill walk,etc.Most of current rehabilitation evaluation may be influenced by the subjective factors of the examinee or the examiner,but intelligent device for energy expenditure and activity(IDEEA) may be helpful to evaluate physical performance of the LDH patients in a complete,quantity-fixing,systematic and dynamic way.

Since loss of oligodendrocytes and consequent demyelination of spared axons severely impair the functional recovery of injured spinal cord, it is reasonably expected that the reduction of oligodendroglial death and enhanced remyelination of demyelinated axons will have a therapeutic potential to treat spinal cord injury. Amelioration of axonal myelination in the injured spinal cord is valuable for recovery of the neural function of incompletely injured patients. Here, this article presents an overview about the pathophysiology and mechanism of axonal demyelination in spinal cord injury and discusses its therapeutic significance in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Moreover, it further introduces the recent strategies to improve the axonal myeliantion to facilitate functional recovery of spinal cord injury.
Animals ; Demyelinating Diseases ; therapy ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy

In this paper, the new carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode (F-CNTs/GCE) was prepared to establish a new method for studying the molecular interaction mechanism between baicalin metal complexes (BMC) and bovine serum album (BSA), and the principle of this method was discussed deeply. Under the physiological condition, the thermodynamics and kinetics properties of interaction between BMC and BSA were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to inference their molecular effective mechanism. The results show that the presence of F-CNTs can accelerate the electron transfer, and better response signal was showed in the BMC/BMC-BSA system. The detection of interaction of BMC-BSA used new method show that BMC-BSA generates stable thermodynamically non-covalent compounds, and the obtained average binding sites of BMC-BSA were 1.7; the number of electron transfer in BMC/BMC-BSA reaction process was 2, and non electroactive supramolecular compounds of BMC-BSA were generated by this interacting reaction. The relevant research work provides a new way to study the molecular mechanism for the interaction of drugs with protein, and with a certain reference value for discussion on the non covalent interactions.
Animals ; Cattle ; Coordination Complexes ; chemistry ; Electrodes ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry ; Thermodynamics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of ethanol extracts from Sedum sarmentosum (ESB) on STAT-3 signaling and its probable molecular mechanism in inducing apoptosis.

METHODMTT assay was used to detect the impact of ESB on HepG2 cell proliferation. FITC-Annexin V-FITC /PI double-labeling were used to investigate the impact on hepatoma carcinoma cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to test the expression levels of cell apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3, Caspase-9, PARP, P-STAT-3 (Tyr705) , STAT-3, Bcl-2, Mcl-1.

RESULTESB could notably inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells, and induce HepG2 cell apoptosis, with the dose-dependent inhibitory effect. In addition, ESB could inhibit STAT-3 signaling, down-regulate Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions, and induce degradation/activation of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and PARP degradation in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONESB inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting STAT-3 signaling and Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expressions.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Flow Cytometry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Sedum ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Time Factors

The marine biological source of mineral drugs recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 version) mainly including pearl, nacre, clam shell, common oyster shell, ark shell, cuttle bone, and sea-ear shell are widely used in clinical. Calcium carbonate and a small amount of protein are the main components in this type of drugs. In this paper, a systematical and comparable study were carried out by determination of calcium carbonate by EDTA titration method, the crystal of calcium carbonate by X-Ray powder diffraction and the total amino acids (TAAs) of the hydrolyzed samples by ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. As a result, the crystal structure is calcite for common oyster shell, mixture of calcite and aragonite for nacre and sea-ear shell, aragonite for the other drugs. The content of calcium carbonate ranged from 86% to 96%. Cuttle bone has the highest amount of TAAs among the seven drugs which reached 1.7% while clam shell has the lowest content of 0.16% on average. In conclusion, an effective method was developed for the quality control of marine mineral drugs by comprehensive analysis of calcium carbonate and TAAs in the seven marine mineral drugs.
Amino Acids ; analysis ; chemistry ; Animal Shells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Calcium Carbonate ; analysis ; chemistry ; Crystallization ; Edetic Acid ; chemistry ; Mollusca ; chemistry ; classification ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; analysis ; chemistry ; standards ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seawater ; Species Specificity ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; X-Ray Diffraction

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; immunology ; ultrastructure ; Meningioma ; immunology ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Paraganglioma ; physiopathology

Objective To study the feature of MRI in ureter transitional cell carcinoma,to evaluate the diagnostic value in transitional cell carcinoma of ureter with MRI.Methods Heavily T_2-weighted fast spin echo pulse sequence,fat suppression pulse and MR urography(MRU)were performed.The MRI finding of the ureter transitional cell carcinoma were anlysed in 32 cases and were discssed with the review of literature.Results Fifteen lesions were located at the upper portionof the ureter,7 at mid portion and 10 at lower portion.Each case presented urinary obstruction,distention and uretal hydrocele.21 retrograde urleropyelogrhpy of nodular shaperal irregular,11 irregular the ureteral wall,10 dilate the ureter in 21 cases,11 infitrative lesion to grow in location,9 lymphanode to enlarge in surrounding of major arterial of abdominal and renal out in 11 cases.17—72 mm length the lesion,39 mm average,6—50 mm width the leion,17 mm average.Hypointense on T_1 WI and hyperintense on T_2 WI image in 23 cases,hyperintense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI image in 5 cases,hypointense on T_1 WI and isointense on T_2 WI image in 2 case, slightly hypointense on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI images in 2 case.Ninteen homogeneous and 13 non homogeneous of signal in lesion,22 reliable and 5 suspicious diagnosis and 5 misdiagnosis in MRI. Conclusion The location,the shape,the spectrum of the tumor and change of surrounding tiessue were clear cuted in MRI,but further research in confirmation of the diagnosis.

Objective To determine the variation of bone mineral density(BMD)and bone mineral content (BMC)in cadaveric lumbar vertebrae and investigate their significance in determining fracture modes and biomecha- nical properties.Methods The lumbar motion segments of the spines of 19 cadavers(mean age:56 years)were compressed to failure.The BMD and BMC of the cranial and caudal endplates were determined,along with the BMD and BMC of the upper and lower 1/3 transverse sub-endplate layers and the middle 1/3 transverse layer.The anteri- or,middle and posterior 1/3 vertical parts,anterior and posterior 1/2 vertical parts and the whole BMD and BMC were measured by using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry as well.All the data were analyzed statistically.Results Among the 19 segments,macrography after dissection revealed that 16 had been fractured,about 84.2%.The frac- ture always occurred in the centre or in the anterior part of the endplate.Within a vertebral body,the BMD and BMC of the cranial endplate were less than those of the caudal endplate,and the cranial 1/3 transverse layer and middle layer had lower BMD and BMC readings than the caudal layer.For the vertical region,from the anterior 1/3 to the posterior 1/3,or from the anterior 1/2 to the posterior 1/2,the BMD and BMC increased.For the endplate around the disc,the BMD of upper endplate was higher than that of the lower one,but the BMCs were equal.In one motion segment,the failure load correlated positively with BMD,and with the BMC of the endplate and the sub-endplate bone.Conclusion The variations in BMD and BMC within a vertebra and around a disc can explain why vertebral fractures are concentrated on the upper endplate,and why compressive fractures are always wedge-shaped.This un- derstanding can assist in the placement of inter-vertebral spacers.

BACKGROUND:The research and application of platelet-rich plasma in tissue regeneration and restoration have always been an issue of concern in the medicine and bioengineering fields.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effects of platelet-rich plasma in combination with tendon stem cells on histomorphology change and matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression of the tendon tissues in a rabbit model of Achilles tendinopathy.METHODS:Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group (n=32) and blank control group (n=8).In the model group,the animals were injected about 2 cm distant to the attachment point of the left calcaneus with prostaglandin E2 (once a week,for totally 4 weeks) to make the animal model of tendinopathy.The rabbits in the blank control group were injected the equal amount of normal saline.After 4 weeks,model rabbits were randomly divided into four subgroups:combination group,tendon stem cell group,platelet-rich plasma group and model control group,with eight rabbits in each group.Platelet-rich plasma and tendon stem cells,alone or in combination,and normal saline were injected into the corresponding group,twice with an interval of 3 weeks.At 6 weeks after injection,the tendon tissue was collected and stained for histological examination and detection of matrix metalloproteinasa 1 expression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining:the tendon fibers in the combinationgroup were intact and arranged orderly;in the tendon stem cell group,the tendon fibers were almost arranged orderly despite some fractured fibers;in the platelet-rich plasma group,fiber breakage and loose fiber structure were observed;in the model control group,there were no intact tendon fibers,with the presence of inflammatory cell filtration.(2) Masson staining:The tendon fibers in the combination group had slight wave-shaped changes but the fibers were not cut off;in the tendon stem cell group,the tendon fibers were slightly in disorder,but with the intact structure,and obvious inflammatory cell filtration was observed;in the platelet-rich plasma group,fiber breakage,reduced collagen fibers and inflammatory cell filtration were obviously observed;in the model control group,there were no intact tendon fibers,and inflammatory cell filtration was clearly visible.(3) The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1:Compared with the blank control group,the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 was significantly higher in the other groups except the combination group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 between the combination group and blank control group (P ＞ 0.05).To conclude,the combination of platelet-rich plasma and tendon stem cells can inhibit the vicious cycle of degeneration of collagen and extracellular matrix,reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 in tenocytes,and delay inflammation responses and degeneration due to tendinopathy.

By the bioactivity technology of Low-Temperature Preparation of Anatase and Rutile Layers on porous Titanium Substrates, CPTi(Commercially pure titanium Phi4.0 mm x 20 mm) was processed and treated as experiment specimens while CPTi was treated as control specimens. Experiment specimens and control specimens were implanted into the holes (4.0 mm in diameter) in rabbit's right and left tibias respectively. After implantation for predetermined periods of 4,8,12, 16 weeks, the specimens were taken out with bone tissues, and were examined by a press-out tester to evaluate the shearing force between the implant and the bone tissue. It is found that the shearing force between the experiment specimen and the bone is more significantly higher than that between the control specimen and the bone, and the bonding time is shorter, the stabilization time is faster. This study has laid down a good foundation for the titanium metal's innovative applications in clinical orthopaedics.
Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Bone and Bones ; Cold Temperature ; Crystallization ; Materials Testing ; Orthopedic Fixation Devices ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rabbits ; Tibia ; Titanium ; chemistry