Anemia ; blood ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; etiology ; therapy ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythropoietin ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; Receptors, Erythropoietin ; blood

Background Erythropoietin (EPO) was proved to be express in hematopoietic tissue and nervous system and play the effects of stimulating blood cell production and protecting nervous tissue.Researches showed that EPO is expressed in the embryon brain of animal.However,whether EPO exist in nervous-derived retina and its action on retina with the development is concerned. Objective This research was to investigate the expression of EPO during the embryonic development period of rat retina and explore the role of EPO in retina development process.Methods Clean Wistar rats with pregnancy for 12 days,16 days and 20 days were collected,and the embryonic 12-day rats (E12 d,5 rats),embryonic 16-day rats (E16 d,5 rats) and embryonic 20-day rats ( E20 d,5 rats) were obtained by caesarean operation,and 5 12-month W istar rats were used as controls.The rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the retinal sections were prepared in the different-embryo-phase (12 d,16 d,20d) and growth phase.The expression of EPO protein and mRNA in rat retina was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively.The feed and use of the animals followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results EPO was positively expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclei in the neuroepithelial layer and pigment epithelium of every-embryo-phase rats but only in retinal ganglion cell layer in 12-month-old rats.The gray scale values of EPO expression in retina were 105.55±10.35,99.35± 8.71,83.27± 7.84and 30.30± 3.80 in E12 d rats,E16 d rats,E20 d rats and 12-month-old rats respectively with a statistically significant difference (F=76.13,P＜0.01 ).RT-PCR revealed that the relative values of EPO mRNA expression in retina were 0.876±0.10,0.861 ±0.09 and 0.256±0.03 in E16 d rats,E20 d rats and 12-month-old rats respectively,presenting a elevated value in embryonic rats compared with adult rats ( P =0.00).Gel imaging deletion showed that the A value of EPO amplification products was highest in E16 d rats and lowest in adult rats.Conclusions The expression of EPO appears a high to low fashion during the embryonic development of Wistar rats,which is closely associated with the developing procedure of retina.

Objective To study the relationship between psychological capital and quality of life (QL) in cancer patients and search for better corresponding nursing strategies. Methods Investigating psychological capital state in cancer patients, and analyzing the relationship between social support score and QL. Results Cancer patients′ positive psychological capital score were low: The total score were 74.33 ± 20.04, self-efficacy 20.87 ± 6.64, hope 22.12 ± 6.04, toughness 20.35 ± 5.65, and optimism 12.36 ± 5.55. Cancer patients had low quality of life, quality of life scores were 59.57±0.57, body condition 15.32± 5.90, psychological condition 47.74 ± 10.22, social function 20.46 ± 5.19,family situation 18.93 ± 8.89, total score 115.48±20.19;The psychological capital and quality of life of cancer patients were positively related (r = 0.517, P < 0.01), cancer patients dimensions of psychological capital was positively correlated with the dimensions of quality of life (r =0.189-0.517, P < 0.01). Conclusions Cancer patients′ positive psychological capital and the quality of life both need to be improved; Cancer patients′ psychological capital are closely related to the quality of life and we should pay attention to improve the patients′psychological capital so as to better their quality of life during the care process.

Background Recently researches indicated that estrogen plays important role in maintaining the normal metabolism of lens. Objective This study was to investigate the changes of estrogen receptor( ER ) α and β expressions in lens upon estrogen level in castrated female rat. Methods Sixty clean adult female Wistar rats were randomized into castrated group,sham operation group,ovariectomy group,ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol eyedropping group,ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol eyedropping group,ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol injecting group and ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol injecting group,and 10 rats for each.The castrated animal models were established by ovariectomy for 5 months.Then 50％,100％ oestradiol benzoate eyedrops were used 4 times per day respectively and 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg oestradiol benzoate were intramuscularly injected at two-day interval for 6 weeks in corresponding experimental group.Serum estradiol concentration was detected in the rats of various groups at 5 months after ovariectomy and 6 weeks after administration of estradiol benzoate.The animals were sacrificed using the excessive anesthesia method and the lenses were obtained for the assay of ERα and ERβ expressions.The use of the animals complied with the Statement of ARVO. Results No obvious opacification of lenses and the changes of structure and morphology in lens were seen in the rats of various groups under the slit lamp microscope and light microscope during the observing duration after ovariectomy.The significant differences were found in serum estradiol concentrations among the 6 groups ( F=15490.527,P=0.000) or between before and after usage of estradiol benzoate( F=943.236,P =0.001 ).Six weeks after usage of estradiol benzoate,the expressions of ERα and ERβ in the lenses were lower in the castrated group,ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol eyedropping group and ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol injecting group compared with the the sham operative group (P＜0.05),but those in the ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol eyedropping group and ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol injecting group were elevated in comparison with above groups( P＜0.05 ),and expressions of ERα and ERβ in the lenses were similar to the sham operative group ( ERα:28.04±6.80 vs.31.30±7.11 ;ERβ:27.75±7.13 vs.25.38±5.59).Mean A values of ERα and ERβ in the lenses were lower in the castrated group,ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol eyedropping group and ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol injecting group compared with the sham operative group (P＜0.05),but those in the ovariectomy with low-dose estradiol eyedropping group and ovariectomy with high-dose estradiol injecting group were elevated in comparison with above groups ( P＜0.05 ),and mean 4 values of ERα and ERβ in the lenses were similar to the sham operative group (ERα:0.1833 ±0.0087 vs.0.1859 ±0.0067; ERβ:0.1689±0.0059 vs.0.1686±0.0095). Conclusions The expressions of ERα and ERβ in the LECs are associated with the level of serum estradiol.The effects of estrogen on lens were different by different medication way.Low-dose estradiol eyedropping was a more feasible approach to the prevention of cataract.

Objective To determine whether arsenic has estrogen-like effects,the cell proliferation was measured iil human eervical cancer line(HeLa)in vitro.Methods The HeLa cells were grown in improved RPMI 1640 supplemented respectively with β-estradiol(E2,1 nmol/L),Arsenic trioxide(As2O3,0.5,1.0,5.0 μmol/L),ICI (500 nmol/L),E2(1 nmol/L)+ICI(500 nmol/L),As2O3(1.0 μmol/L)+ICI(500 nmol/L)and control.The growth morphology of HeLa cell was observed under microscope after 72 h.The method of M1Tr was used to study the cell proliferation after 24.48 and 72 h.The technique of flow eytometry was used to measure cell cycle after 48 h. Results HeLa cells in E2 and 0.5 μmoL/L As2O3 treatment were more better growth in morphology than control group.Percentage of HeLa cells proliferation at 24,48,72 h in E2 and 0.5 μmol/L As2O3 treatment were 6.35%, 11.56%,38.33%and 6.35%,8.50%,20.26%respectively.The proliferation effect of HeLa cells was similar in two treatments.The proliferation of HeLa cells were inhibited in other treatments.Compared with control[(41.68± 1.05)%],HeLa cells were promoted go to S phases in E2[(55.72±2.31)%]and 0.5 μmol/L As2O3[(47.82± 1.41)%]treatment.But in other treatments HeLa cells were hold back to S phases.Compared with control,there was a significant differenee(P＜0.05)of cell percentage in S phases in 5.0 μmol/L As2O3[(21.11±4.99)%]and ICI[(20.16±4.76)%]treatments.Conclusion Small amounts of As2O3 impose estrogen.1ike effects and stimulate the proliferation of HeLa cells.

Objective To quantify sjTREC using a modified method in patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem transplantation (all-HSCT),and determine the level of thymic output function and analyse the influencing factors in post-allo-HSCT patients.Methods Real time quantitative PCR was used to detect sjTREC levels from the peripheral blood DNA of pre-transplantation,14 d,28 d,3 m,6 m,9 m,1 y,1.5 y,2 y,2.5 y,and above 2.5 y after HSCT,and analyse thymic output function and related factors after HSCT.sjTREC levels in 24 normal individuals were also determined to use as the normal range.Results The mean of Log (sjTREC copies/ml) in normal individuals was 3.74±0.26.Negative correlation existed between thte Log sjTREC and the age (r =-0.65,P ＜ 0.01).There was no clear association between the TREC and the gender.Log sjTREC in pre-transplantation patients was 3.09±0.52,and the levels of sjTREC in 14 d,28 d,6 m,1 y after HSCT were 1.18±0.22,2.16±0.31,1.31±0.2,1.83±0.31,respectively.There was no significant difference between normal individuals and patients 1.5 years after HSCT.The post-transplantation level of sjTREC was not related to the age,but was negatively correlated to the acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) 1 year after HSCT.There was no difference between patients with or without aGVHD 1.5 years post-HSCT.Conclusion The modified method for detecting sjTREC is applicable to allo-HSCT.The recovery of thymic output function after allo-HSCT is slow,in which aGVHD may have a negative effect.

Objective To explore the differences in health care quality,scale,output,efficiency,cost and financial condition between freestanding secondary hospitals and system-affiliated secondary hospitals in Shanghai,and analyse the determinants of hospital integration. Methods Eleven upper secondary hospitals in Shanghai integrated between 2000 and 2004 were selected,and another 40 secondary hospitals (including 30 upper secondary hospitals and 10 middle secondary hospitals) without integration were served as controls. Using related data of 1999,Mann-Whitney U test was performed to analyse the differences between these two groups,and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the determinants of hospital integration. Results There were significant differences in health care quality,scale,and output between these two groups (P0.05). It was revealed by Logistic regression analysis that health care quality,scale,output,and financial condition were determinants of integration. Conclusion System-affiliated secondary hospitals have advantages over freestanding hospitals in health care quality,scale,output and financial condition,and those with better health care quality,larger scale,larger output and better financial condition are more likely to be integrated by tertiary hospitals.

This study was aimed to investigate the abnormal expression of microRNA-124 (miR-124) in bone marrow cells of patients with leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and its significance. The relative expression levels of miR-124 in bone marrow mononuclear cells from 33 patients with newly diagnosed leukemia or MDS, and 10 normal donors (as controls) were detected by stem-loop fluorescence real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The methylation levels of miR-124 promoter were detected by quantitative methylation specific PCR in partial MDS samples. The results indicated that as compared with normal control, lower levels of miR-124 (≤ 1/3) were found in 2/18 of leukemia patients and in 5/15 of MDS patients (among them ≤ 1/4 in 3/15 MDS patients). No statistically significance difference was observed between leukemia patients and normal controls (P = 0.725). However the difference was statistically significant between MDS group and control group (P = 0.031). Furthermore, an elevated methylation level of miR-124 promoter region in some of MDS patients (7/11) was detected by using quantitative methylation-specific PCR. The expression level of miR-124 was related with methylation level of promoter region (R(2) = 0.339, P = 0.018). It is concluded that the expression of miR-124 in partial MDS patients is inhibited, which may be associated with the abnormal methylation of its promoter.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of Wuji Powder (WP) and a small dose aripiprazole in treatment of antipsychotic drug-induced phlegm dampness type amenorrhea.

METHODSSeventy female schizophrenic patients with antipsychotic drug-induced galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome (GAS) were recruited and randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 35 in each group. All patients received antipsychotic drug therapy. Patients in the treatment group additionally took WP, while those in the control group took aripiprazole (at the daily dose of 5 mg, once daily). The therapeutic course for all was 4 weeks. Prolactin levels and obesity indices[body weight, waist aircumstance, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hit ratio (WHR)] were determined before and after treatment. The efficacy was evaluated.

RESULTSThe treatment course was completed in 95.71% of patients. The total effective rate of the 33 patients of the treatment group was 93.94% (31/33), while it was 91.18% (31/34) in the 34 patients of the control group. There was no difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Prolactin levels in both group after treatment were significantly lower than those of the baseline (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in prolactin levels between the two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment, body weight, BMI, waist circumstance, and waist-hip ratio obviously decreased after treatment, showing significant difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight, BMI, waist circumstance, and waist-hip ratio in the control group between before and after treatment (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth WP and aripiprazole could lower high prolactin levels of schizophrenics with phlegm dampness type amenorrhea. They showed equivalent efficacy. But WP showed more obvious effect in reducing obesity indices.

Aged ; Amenorrhea ; drug therapy ; Antipsychotic Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Aripiprazole ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Galactorrhea ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Obesity ; Piperazines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Quinolones ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Waist-Hip Ratio

A canine distemper virus strain was isolated from the lung of dog coming from Aksu in Xing Jiang using lung primary M cell during the CDV molecular epidemiological study. It was demonstrated to be a virulent strain of CDV by a series of systematic identification such as morphology , serology neutralization test, canine infection test, and molecular virology test.