Objective To analyze the changes and characteristics of cancer incidence and mortality among Jiaxing residents in the past 6 years,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of cancer incidence and mortality.Methods Registered malignant tumor data from the Zhejiang Chronic Disease Information Monitoring and Management System were collected and analyzed based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).The statistical indexes used for analyses included crude incidence,standardized incidence,crude ortality,standardized mortality,potential years of life lost (PYLL),average years of life lost (AYLL),rate of potential years of life (PYLL‰) and so on.Results From 2010 to 2015,the crude incidence,the standardized incidence,the crude mortality,and the standardized mortality were 342.52/105,240.89/105,194.71/105 and 126.27/105,respectively.The crude incidence and mortality for males were both higher than those for females(378.44/105 vs.307.49/105,x2=763.06,P＜0.01;255.31/105vs.135.62/105,x2-3 814.11,P＜0.01).The PYLL,AYLL and PYLL‰ of residents in Jiaxing were 248,307 years,6.16 years and 12.00‰,respectively.The PYLL‰for males was significantly higher than that for females(x2=37073.85,P＜0.01).The AYLL for females was 6.50 years,higher than that for males(5.98 years)(t =125.15,P＜0.01).The incidence of malignant tumors increased with age,especially in the older than 40 age group,with the older than 80 age group showing the highest rate at 1 779.01/105 (x2 =38 840 907,P ＜ 0.01).Rates for Lung cancer (70.59/105),colorectal cancer (39.86/105),liver cancer (29.14/105),breast cancer(26.73/105) and stomach cancer (26.00/105) were the most common malignant tumors in Jiaxing.Conclusions The morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors are showing signs of rising and the incidences of lung cancer and gastrointestinal cancer are particularly pronounced in Jiaxing.In consequence,measures for the prevention and control of malignant tumors should be developed with clearly defined objectives and research on the pathogenesis of malignant tumors should be stepped upto reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors.

Objective To investigate the relationship between a mutation in the platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase gene (Arg92→His) and psoriasis. Methods Genomic DNA was analyzed in 47 patients with psoriasis and 52 healthy controls via polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results The frequency of the mutation in the PAF acetylhydrolase gene (Arg92→His) was significantly higher in patients with psoriasis than that in the controls (P

Objective To explore the influence of coal-arsenic exposure on human T cells proliferation and its mechanism.Methods Blood samples colleoted from individuals which lived in arsenism area of coal-burning type and non-arsenism area in Guizhou Province were divided into exposed group(17),mild(35),moderate(38) and severe arsenism group(19)and control group(35)according to Diagnosis Smndard for Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001).T cell stimulation index wag determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)colorimetric method.The intracellular Ca2+ exponential(IECa2+)in peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)was analyzed by Fho-3/AM dye and flow cytometry.DNA binding activity of actively T cells nuclear factor(NF-AT)in PBMC was evaluated by electrophoretie mobility shift assay(EMSA).Results Concanavalin A(ConA)stimulation decreased the T cells stimulation indexes in exposed group,mild,moderate and severe arsenism groups(1.315±0.962, 1.611±1.224,1.114±0.545,1.289±0.875)compared with control group(2.322±1.241),all the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.01).After stimulated by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody(McAb),the T cells stimulation index in exposed group,mild,moderate and severe arsenism group(0.997±0.177,1.103±0.291,1.007±0.221, 0.957±0.205) were lower than that of control group(1.842±0.429,P ＜ 0.01 ). IECa2+ of PBMC after treated by anti-CD3 McAb in mild,moderate and severe arsenism group( 110.130±49.637,92.429±31.191,77.640± 35.372) were lower compared with control group(145.986±59.450,P ＜0.01 ). Moreover,IECa2+ in moderat and severe arsenism group were lower than exposed group(121.337±46.410,P ＜ 0.05). DNA binding activity of PBMC NF-AT in mild,moderate and severe arsenism group(1.354±0.446,1.290±0.291,1.159±0.411 ) were lowered than that of control group(1.722±0.291,P ＜ 0.01) and exposed group(1.611±0.294,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The coal-arsenic exposure can reduce the human T cells stimulation indexes,IECa2+ in PBMC and the DNA binding activity of NF-AT. It suggest that arsenic may suppress the proliferation ability of human T cells,which may be partly related to the influence of arsenic on T cell receptor(TCR)/CD3 signal transduetion pathway.

Objective To investigate the activation of T lymphocytes in human peripheral blood and the signaling molecules in protein kinase C/nuclear factor KB(PKC/NF-κB) pathway expressivity or activity changes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) exposed to coal-arsenic,to explore the role of PKC/NF-κB signal pathway in activation of T cells in human exposed to coal-arsenic. Methods Blood samples were collected from individuals who lived in arsenism area of coal-burning in Guizhou province, and were divided into asymptomatically exposed group (12),mild arsenism group (33),moderate arsenism group (34) and severe arscnism group (15) according to Diagnosis Standard for Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001). The individuals who lived in non-arsenism area were control group(27). The ratio of activated T ceils was analyzed by flow cytometry. DNA binding activity of NF-κB in PBMCs was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). The expression of PKCθ and phospho-PKCθ(pPKCθ) in PBMCs were detected with western blotting analysis. Results The ratio of activating T cells in asymptomatically exposed group[(21.76±15.31)%],mild arsenism group[(18.41±11.36)%],moderate arsenism group[(17.78±11.93)%]and severe arsenism group[(18.79±13.38)%]were all higher than that of control group[(3.19±2.12)%],the difference among all groups being statistically significant(F = 7.893,P < 0.05). DNA binding activity of PBMCs NF-κB in asymptomatically exposed group,mild arsenism group,moderate arsenism group and severe arsenism group(1.49±0.24,1.58±0.30,1.57±0.34,1.51±0.16) were higher than that of the control group(1.30±0.17),the difference being statistically sign/ficant(P < 0.05 or < 0.01). The expression of PBMCs pPKCθ in mild arsenism group,moderate arsenism group and severe arsenism group(0.64± 0.14,0.64±0.27,0.62±0.12) were all lower than that of the control group(0.93±0.20),the difference being statistically significant(P < 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between the expression of pPKCθ and the activity of NF-κB(r =-0.565,P < 0.01). There were significant positive correlations between the activity of NF-κB and the ratio of activating T cells(r = 0.546,P < 0.01). Conclusion Coal-arsenic enhances the DNA binding activity of NF-κB,reduces the expression of PBMCs pPKCθ in human PBMCs and up-regulates the activity of T cells. It suggests that the PKC/NF-κB signal might be one of transduction pathway via activating of T cells by coal-arsenic.

Objective Establish a method for measuring the activities of Galactocerebrosidase (GALC), α-Glucosidase(GAA), α-Galactosidase (GLA) and α-L-Iduronidase (IDUA) in dried blood spots specimen by tandem mass spectrometry ( MS/MS ).Methods A total of 2175 dried blood spot samples forinborn errors of metabolism in neonatalscreening center of Shanghai Xinhua hospital were collected in July and November, 2013.And twenty dried blood spot samples from patients withlysosomalstorage disorders( LSDs) of Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital were collected from September 2012 to January 2014.The extraction of DBS was incubated with enzyme substrates and internal standards.After liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction, the extraction solution was dried under nitrogen and reconstituted.Then enzyme reaction products and internal standards were analyzed by MS/MS.Linearity, precision, accuracy and the limit of detection were evaluated.2175 dried blood spot samples were detected to establish the normal reference range for the activities of four enzymes according to 0.5th to 99.5th percentiles.20 specimens from patients withLSDs were detected to verify the reference range inclinical judgment.Results The intraassay and interassay precisions ranged from 1.7%to 11.8%, and the intraassay and interassay accuracies ranged from 85%to 115%.The linear coefficients for measured concentration of enzyme products/internal standards and theoretical concentration were 0.997-0.999.The limits of detection forGALC, GAA, GLA and GLA were 0.03 μmol/(L· h), 0.09 μmol/(L· h), 0.12 μmol/(L· h) and 0.16 μmol/(L· h) .The normal reference values for GALC, GAA, GLA and GLAwere 0.51-8.51μmol( L· h) ,1.99-22.22μmol/( L· h),1.68-41.59 μmol/(L· h) and 2.36-19.21 μmol/(L· h).The enzymes of 20 patients with LSDs were remarkably decreased compared to the normal range.The Krabbe, Pompe, Fabry, MPSⅠpatients can be effectively detected by this MS/MS method.Conclusions A MS/MS method for measuring GALC, GAA, GLA and IDUA enzyme activities in DBShas been established.

Aim at the two problems in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) mechanism elucidation, one is the lack of detailed biological processes information, next is the low efficient in constructing network models, we constructed an auxiliary elucidation system for the TCM mechanism and realize the automatic establishment of biological network model. This study used the Entity Grammar Systems (EGS) as the theoretical framework, integrated the data of formulae, herbs, chemical components, targets of component, biological reactions, signaling pathways and disease related proteins, established the formal models, wrote the reasoning engine, constructed the auxiliary elucidation system for the TCM mechanism elucidation. The platform provides an automatic modeling method for biological network model of TCM mechanism. It would be benefit to perform the in-depth research on TCM theory of natures and combination and provides the scientific references for R&D of TCM.
Animals ; Automation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the ergotropic effect of bone cement on pedicle screw fixation in treatment of osteopo-rotic thoracolumbar fracture.Methods Fifty-three patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture, admitted from Jun. 2013 to Dec. 2014, were included for treatment by augmentation of pedicle screw fixation with bone cement. All patients underwent pre-operative examination of bone mineral density with T-score ≤-2.5 and augmentation of pedicle screw fixation with injection of 1.5 ml bone cement in adjacent to fractured vertebra. All patients were treated with anti-osteoporosis therapy pre- and post-operation, ob-served and recorded with basic conditions and complications. At pre-operation, one-week post-operation and last follow-up, pain vi-sual analogue scale (VAS) and neurological function score (ASIA) of all patients were recorded, and the compression rats of anterior and posterior edge of fractured vertebra, and compression rats of spinal canal and Cobb angel of all patients were measured.Results All the 53 patients were successfully undergone operation in about 90-140 min with blood loss of about 150-350 ml. No spinal cord or nerve injury, dural tear and obvious leakage of bone cement and screw loosening occurred during operation. All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months and the neurological function obviously recovered contrasted with pre-operation. X-ray and CT examination at last follow-up showed good fractures healing, good position and non-loosening of internal fixation device and non-leakage of bone cement. At one week post-operation and last follow-up, VAS, compression rats of anterior edge and posterior edge of fractured vertebra, compression rats of spinal canal and Cobb angel were significantly lower than those at pre-operation (P<0.05), but no significant differences existed on these parameters between 1 week post-operation and last follow-up (P>0.05).Conclusions Augmentation of pedicle screw fixation with bone cement can effectively strengthen the initial stability of pedicle screw in osteo-porosis, restore the height of fractured vertebra and reduce the compression of spinal canal, which will help the correction of spinal kyphosis and neurological function recovery. This method can well maintain long-term stability of internal fixation in osteoporosis and height of fractured vertebra, and significantly reduce the risks of long-term screw loosening and vertebral collapse.

Objective To obtain monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) against neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL ) and a chemiluminescense immune quantification assay based one paired mAbs.Methods Six-to-eight weeks old female BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant human NGAL antigen( rhNGAL) that was produced by the Escherichia coil expression system.The spleen was fused with hybridoma for screening anti-NGAL monoclonal antibodies by indirect ELISA.Western blot was implemented to identify the reactivity with native NGAL. Results The rhNGAL antigen was found to form disulfide cross-linked dimers and present excellent immunogenicity.The reaction titer of the immune serum of NGAL immunized mice was about 106.Thirty mAbs were screened by indirect ELISA, hereinto;the EC50 values of mAb23C12 and 38D10 were 0.034 g/mL, 0.022 g/mL respectively.The antibodies pair, 38D10/23C12-SAE labeled with AcridiniumEster(AE), were shown to work well in chemiluminescense immune response quantitative detection which was screened by NGAL standardand clinical urine samples.This detection can resolve positive and negative samples with a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001).And the correlation coefficient R2between NGAL quantitative results and that of the Abbott's NGAL chemiluminescence immune assay kit was greater than 0.97.The detection linear range was 10-1500 ng/mL, analytical sensitivity of the method was 0.63 ng/mL.Conclusion Highly purified rhNGAL antigen and specific anti-NGAL monoclonal antibodies are generated in this study.The detection capability of method is comparable with that of the international commercial kit.

Objective To produce human papillomavirus type 6(HPV-6)virus-like particles with Escherichia coli expression system and study its immunogenicity.Methods HPV-6 L1 gene was inserted into pmkaryotic expression vector pTO-T7 and then expressed in Escherichia coli ER2566.The HPV-6 L1 protein was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography,and hydrophobic interaction chromatography.Then the purified HPV-6 L1 self-assembled into virus-like particle after removing 1,4dithiothreitol(DTr).The morphology of the virus-like particles was investigated with dynamic light scatter and transmission electron microscopy,and the immunogenicity was determined with in vitro pseudownons neutralization as8ay.Results HPV-6 L1 was expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli.Following the removal of DTT,purified HPV-6 L1 protein could assemble into virus-like particles as 25 am in the radius.And the animal immunization test showed HPV-6 virus-like particles can elite hish titer neutralizing antibodies.Conclusion The bacterially expressed HPV-6 L1 VLP is highly immunogenieity and easy to produce.And it can be good candidate of HPV-6 vaccine.

Objective:To investigate the negative effect of the IL-10 on monocyte-derived DC maturation and differation iv vitro,and the potentiation of the TNF-? or sCD40L to inhibit or reverse the IL-10′s inhibitory effect on monocyte-derived DC.Methods:The expression of the surface molecules on DC was detected by FACS analysis.The potentiation to stimulate T cell proliferation was assayed by 3H-TdR incorporation,and IL-12 secretion in the DC supernatant measured by ELISA.Results:In vitro DC-inducing system IL-10 had an obviously negative effect on the maturation as well as the potentiation to stimulate the T cell proliferation and IL-12 secretion of the immature monocyte-derived DC,and IL-10 could drive monocyte-derived DC differentiate into the macrophages.The negative effect was also correlative to the concentration of the added IL-10;The results also showed that IL-10 hadn′t any negative effect on mature DC induced by sCD40L,but to some extent could reduce the mature DC induced by TNF-? to produce IL-12;Furthermore the inhibitory effect of IL-10 can′t be reversed by adding TNF-? or sCD40L after IL-10 was added to the DC-inducing culture system for three days.Interesting by adding sCD40L not TNF-? to the DC-inducing culture system with IL-10 at the same time can inhibit the negative effect of IL-10 completely.Conclusion:IL-10 is an important biological factor produced in tumor microenvironment for escaping the attack of the immune system by repressing maturation,potentiation to costimulate the T cells and IL-12 secretion of the immature monocyte-derived DC.The reverse effect of TNF-? and sCD40L on IL-10 negative effect on monocyte-derived was different.All together suggested that CD40 signal has important values to obtain the therapeutic DC for the tumor immune intervention.