Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Neck ; surgery ; Otolaryngology

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, it is reported that vessel structural abnormity is the main morphological basis of vertigo due to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency abroad, but the report of vascular structural abnormality in vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency is rare at home.OBJECTIVE: To observe the manifestation and clinical significance of vessel structural abnormity tested by digital substraction angiography (DSA)in patients with vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency.DESIGN: Case analysis.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Wuxi Second Hospital (Wuxi Municipal Second People's Hospital) Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and Department of Neurology, Huaihua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 57 patients, who were diagnosed as having episodic vertigo with or without nausea or vomiting, and hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Huaihua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University from August 2003 to May 2004 and Wuxi Second Hospital (Wuxi Municipal Second People's Hospital) Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between October 2004 and May 2005, were enrolled.METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency hospitalized in the recent two years were treated with digital subtraction radiography in aortic arch and aortocranial angiography:Applying retrograde angiography of femoral artery puncture, Optiray nonionic contrast agent with syringe pattern to perform aortic arch angiography. Digital subtraction machine displayed bilateral carotid artery, vertebral artery, ranged from carotid artery to siphon of carotid artery from multiple angles. Measurement and evaluation were conducted by 2 doctors from department of neurology.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Type, distribution and proportion of vesselstructural abnormity of aortic arch, carotid artery and vertebrobasilar system.RESULTS: Of the 57 patients, 1 patient was dropped out, because the left vertebral artery (LVA) could not be entered. A large area cerebral infarction was occurred in another patients during aortic arch angiography was performed, and the operation was stopped. Totally 55 patients were involved in the result analysis. It was found that 71%(39/55) of patients had vessel structural abnormity in cervical part and intracalvarium, 11%(6/55)of patients with simple anterior circulation lesion, 60% (33/55) of patients with posterior circulation lesion, of which 9 cases (16%) with compound lesion of anterior circulation abnormity. Two or above vessels in 24 cases (24/55,44%) were involved. Vertebral artery complicated with other angiostegnosis was the most common, and there was no vessel structural abnormity in other 16 cases (16/55,29%).CONCLUSION: Various types of vessel structural abnormity are the main etiological factors of vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency. Gold standard of diagnosing vertigo due to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency is DSA.

Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is still one of the significant threats to human life. In recent years, the continuous exploration of small molecule inhibitors represented by bedaquinoline has brought new vitality into the field of tuberculosis. However, small molecule inhibitors will inevitably occur acquired drug resistance during clinical medication. As a new pharmacological mechanism, targeted protein degradation (TPD) achieves efficacy by destroying rather than inhibiting protein targets. It might be an excellent strategy to develop anti-tuberculosis drugs based on the TPD concept to solve drug resistance. This article reviews the protein degradation pathways of Mtb, such as the Pup proteasome system and the ClpP-ClpC1 complex enzyme system. The future development of these strategies into TPD drugs was prospected and summarized.

Adult ; Aged ; Dermis ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; pathology ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Wound Healing

Objective To investigate the acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, nasal membrane local toxicity of the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome. Methods Kunming mice and SD rats were selected as experimental material. Kunming mice were used in the acute and subacute toxicity tests by intragastric administration of Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome with different dosage and different time, and SD rats were used in the nasal membrane local toxicity test by nose dropping, while the control group was treated with intragastric administration of or nose dropping with normal saline for the same dosage. The treatment course lasted fifteen days. At the end of the tests, the general condition, routine blood test, function index of live and kidney, organ humid weight index, histological changes of liver and kidney and ultra microstructure change of rat nasal membrane were obtained and compared with the control group. Results In the acute toxicity test, the daily maximum tolerant dosage by intragastric administration was equal to 222.7 times of the clinical routine, with no marked toxic reaction. In the subacute toxicity test, the general condition, blood test, organ humid weight index and histological changes of live and kidney in different dosage groups were similar to the control group. While in the function index of live and kidney, uric acid was stepped down in the middle and large dose groups, and total bilirubin was decreased in the large dose group. The nasal membrane local toxicity test revealed that there was little change in the ultra microstructure of rat nasal membrane.Conclusion The Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome may have little toxicity by intragastric administration and nose dropping.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Ammonium Sulfate ; analysis ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Workplace

Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human growth hormone on the PingPang Racket flap survival.Methods Every two PingPang Racket flaps were designed on the both sides of 40 adult SD rats's back.The pedicle size was 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm,while the flap size was 3.0 cm in diameter circular.Longitudinal axis of flap was perpendicular to the center line of the rats back,to which the distance from proximal pedicle was about 1 cm.The flaps on the left side served as Ⅰ group,and the other side served as Ⅱ group,which were subdivided into Ⅰa and Ⅰb,Ⅱa and Ⅱb,respectively.And there were 20 rats in each subgroup.On the flap surfaces in group Ⅰ,it was 6 uniform injection poinsts,subcutaneously injecting with rhGF (the dose was 0.1IU · Kg-1 · d-1) for 7 days from the beginning of operation,that were designed.It goes the same way to the group Ⅱ,while normal saline was instead of rhGF.In subgroup Ⅰa and Ⅱa,the flaps were generally observed every day.The percentage of the flap survival area was determinated 7 days after operation.In subgroup Ⅰb and Ⅱb,specimens were collected at the distal end of flap at intraoperative(before injecting rhGF)and 1 st,3rd,5th,7th day after operation.Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent were applied to examine the expression of TGF-β1 and CD34,and the microvessel density of the flaps was calculated.Results According to the 7 days' observation after the surgery,the flap survival area percentage of subgroup Ⅰa was (97.00 + 2.12) ％,which was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) than that of subgroup Ⅱ a,whose was (81.00 +3.43)％.On 1st,3rd,5th and 7th day postoperatively,the expression of TGF-β1,CD34 in both subgroup Ⅰb and Ⅱb were elevated and reached peak on the 5th day.Content of GF-β1 and CD34 in Ⅰb were 1571.40 ± 13.32 pg/ml and 60.40 ±0.32 pg/ml,respectively,and in Ⅱb were 691.43 ± 11.06 pg/ml and 20.43 ± 0.06 pg/ml.At the same point of time,the expression of TGF-β1,CD34 were significant higher in Ⅰb subgroup than that in Ⅱb (P ＜ 0.05).In subgroup Ⅰb and Ⅱb,the number of microvessels increased on postoperative 1 st,3rd,5th and 7th day,especially on 3rd,5th and tended to be stable at 7th day.At the same point of time,the number of microvessels in Ⅰb was always higher than that in Ⅱb (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Subcutaneous injection of rhGH on flaps can enhance the expression of TGF-β1,CD34,promote microvascular generation of the flap tissue directly or indirectly,and also improve the survival of PingPang Racket flaps.

Objective To observe the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on patients with type A thoracolumbar fractures treated by pedicle screw fixation via dorsal-approach and vertebral body bone graft.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 64 patients with type A thoracolumbar fractures treated from June 2012 to July 2015.The patients were divided into control group (32 cases) and research group (32 cases) according to the random number table.There were 22 males and 10 females aged (48.2 ± 11.2)years old in control group.The injury was located at T11 in 2 cases,T12 in 4,L1 in 9,L2 in 7,L3 in 7 and L4 in 3 in control group.There were 24 males and 8 females aged (50.7 ± 11.4) years old in research group.The injury was located at T11in 2 cases,T12in 4,L1in 8,L2 in 8,L3 in 7 and L4 in 3.The control group was treated with posterior pedicle screw reduction,internal fixation and allograft cancellous bone grafting through pedicle of vertebral arch.The research group was treated with rhBMP-2 (mixed with cancellous bone implants) on the basis of the control group.The time of operation,the amount of bleeding during operation,the volume of postoperative bleeding,the amount of postoperative drainage,the recovery of the injured vertebra,the Lane-Sandhu score,the time of fracture healing,and the postoperative complications were compared.Results There was no difference between two groups on operation time,amount of bleeding during operation or amount of postoperative drainage (P ＞ 0.05).No difference existed in two groups about Cobb angle and injured vertebral leading edge height at one week after operation (P ＞ 0.05).At the time of last follow-up (12 months),in research group,Cobb angle was lower while injured vertebral leading edge height was much higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05),both of which were better than before (P ＜ 0.05).At 12 months after surgery,the lost Cobb angle of [(2.0 ± 0.7) °] and lost height of injured vertebral leading edge [(3.2 ± 1.0) ％] were smaller than those in control group [(5.6 ± 1.7) ° and (6.8 ± 2.4) ％ respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).The Lane-Sandhu score and healing time of fracture in research group were (8.9 ± 0.8) points and (6.9 ± 0.9) months,which were better than that (6.8 ±0.8)points and (8.4 ± 1.6)months in control group respectively (P＜0.05).The complication rate of research group was lower than that of control group,with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with simple vertebral bone graft,posterior thoracolumbar vertebrae pedicle screw fixation with vertebral bone graft and hBMP-2 treatment for type A thoracolumbar fractures can restore vertebral stability,shorten the time of fracture healing and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To explore the relationship between administration of different doses of colloid before general anesthesia induction and general anesthesia-induced hypotension. Methods Fifty patients for selective gastrointestinal operations were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the volume of colloid administered 30 min before general anesthesia induction: 0 mL/kg group (control group), 4 mL/kg group, 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group. To replace the deficit of hypovolemia before operation, crystalloid was given to each patient. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 25 min after infusion. Hemodynamic parameters were compared before and after anesthesia induction among groups. Results The changes in diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were related to colloid supplementation volume (r=-0.657, P<0.01). There were significant differences between control group and 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group. Conclusion Administration of colloid before general anesthesia induction attenuates the severity of general anesthesia-induced hypotension, especially when the dose of colloid is over 8 mL/kg.

Objective To establish the rapid purification of Coxsackievirus A16 using ultracentrifugation .And To prepare and i‐dentify the neutralizing monoclonal antibody against CA16 .Methods The CA16 culture supernatant was harvested and then con‐centrated by 100K capsule .The concentration of CA16 was purified by cesium chloride ultracentrifugation .Purification of CA16 were identified by transmission electron microscopy .BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated CA16 .Spleen cells were harves‐ted and fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells ,hybridoma cell strain secreting mAb against CA16 were objected to screening .Character‐ization of the prepared mAb were analyzed by ELISA and microneutralization assay .Results The purified CA16 method of cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation was established ,TEM analysis was showed that CA16 particles have icosahedral structure ,the diameters of the viral particles were approximately 20-30 nm .Two hybridoma cell strains secreting mAb against CA16 were ob‐tained ,the subtypes of two mAbs were IgG2a ,the binding titers of Anti/CA16/5 and Anti/CA16/10 were 103 and 104 respectively . Neutralizing titer of the two mAbs were 1∶256 and 1∶1 024 respectively .Conclusion Establishment method of cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation was performed to purify CA16 ,the two mAbs with neutralizing ability to against CA16 may become ap‐plication of treatment and vaccine .