Objective To investigate the effect of obesity on physical stamina of college students.Methods The physical stamina and obese status of 7353 college students were measured. The relationship between obese degrees and the scores of step trial, vital capacity, grip, standing long jump was analyzed.Results The male's and female's vital capacity score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P<0.01). The male's step trail score was the normal body weight students and pre-obesity students > obese students ( P<0.05). The male and female's standing long jump score was normal students > pre-obesity students > obesity students ( P<0.05). The male and female's grip score was obesity students > pre-obesity students > normal students > thin students ( P< 0.05 ).Conclusion The lung function and the arm power of college students are increasing with the rise of obese degrees. The heart function and breakout force are decreasing with the rise of obese degrees.

The study aims to characterize and compare interferon reference standards from 5 manufacturers. By testing molecular mass and trypsin-digested peptide mass mapping, the amino acid sequence was verified and post-translational modifications such as disulfide bond were identified. Results show that the molecular mass and amino acid sequence were consistent with theory; the disulfide bonds of 4 lots of interferon were Cys1-Cys98/Cys29-Cys138, 1 lot was Cys29-Cys139/Cys86-Cys99; N-terminal "+Met", acetyl N-terminal and Met oxidation were identified in part of the sample. UPLC-MS can be used to characterize and compare interferon reference standards from different manufacturers.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Interferons ; standards ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Molecular Weight ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peptide Mapping ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Reference Standards

Objective To measure the phase values of the deep gray nuclei by using susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI) in underage brains,and to investigate the correlation between the phase value and age.Methods A total of 105 healthy juveniles were examined in this study by using MRI conventional sequence and SWI.Their ages ranged from 0 to 18 years(0-＜ 1 year,60 cases; 1-＜3 years,10 cases; 3-7 years,10 cases; 7-12 years,10 cases; 12-18 years,15 cases).Phase values of deep gray nuclei were measured.The correlation between phase value and age was analyzed by Spearman correlation method.Results During 0-3 years,the phase value of caudate nucleus was the lowest within the same age group (0-＜ 1 year:left-0.0433 ± 0.0291,right-0.0369 ± 0.0215 ; 1-＜ 3 years:left-0.0369 ± 0.0215,right-0.0384 ± 0.0259),whereas the phase value of red nucleus was the highest (0-＜ 1 year:left 0.0286-0.0380,right 0.0254 ±0.0361 ; 1-＜3 years:left 0.0325 ±0.0237,right 0.0395 ±0.0270).After 3 years old,the phase value of globus pallidus was the lowest within the same age group (3-＜7 years:left-0.0967 ± 0.0656,right-0.0953 ± 0.0617; 7-＜ 12 years:left-0.1870 ± 0.0531,right-0.1724 ±0.0547; 12-＜ 18 years:left-0.2037 ±0.0492,right-0.1849-±0.0324),whereas the phase value of thalamus was the highest (3-＜ 7 years:left-0.0019 ± 0.0225,right -0.0007 ± 0.0167 ; 7-＜ 12 years:left-0.0067 ± 0.0104,right-0.0064 ± 0.0118 ; 12-＜ 18 years:left-0.0204 ± 0.0181,right-0.0172 ± 0.0133).During 0-18 years,a moderate negative correlation between phase values of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,red nucleus,substantia nigra and age were observed (rs =-0.483,-0.497,-0.67,-0.621,-0.489,-0.43,-0.552,-0.58 respectively) A low negative correlation between phase values of bilateral putamen,thalamus and age were observed (rs =-0.272,-0.213,-0.382,-0.366 respectively).Conclusions There is a negative correlation between phase value and age in the deep gray nuclei of underage brains.And the phase value may be a useful index in the diagnosis of iron deposition related diseases.

Objective To explore the relationship between K-ras gene and cholangiocarcinoma by detecting the K-ras gene mutation of bile duct tissues.Method We studied all the patients who presented to our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 with stenosis of the bile duct.There were 17 cases of cholangiocarcinoma and 17 cases of benign stenosis.From the DNA extracted from the paraffin tissues,we used the HRM assay for K-ras gene mutation.Result We found that the HRM method and the DNA typing had exactly the same result for the DNA content which confirmed the effectiveness of the HRM assay.Of note,the K-ras mutation rate was found to be significantly higher in the cholangiocarcinoma cases (11/17) when compared with the benign cases (3/17).Conclusion The mutation of the K-ras gene was closely related to cholangiocarcinoma.Our results suggest a new way to diagnosis cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the value of timely duodenal papilla fenestration for reducing the incidence of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).Methods The clinical data of 181 patients with difficult biliary cannulatian during ERCP at the Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from July 2006 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 181 patients,98 patients who received traditional incubation were in the control group,and the other 83 patients who received early duodenal papilla fenestration were in the test group.The success rate of selective incubation and incidence of pancreatitis were compared between the 2 groups.All data were analyzed using the t test,chi-square test or Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results The success rate of incubation,incidences of hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis were 85.7％ ( 84/98 ),7.1％ (7/98) and 10.2％ ( 10/98 ) in the control group,and 94.0％ ( 78/83 ),18.1％ ( 15/83 ) and 2.4％ (2/83) in the test group,respectively,and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (x2 =10.12,5.03,4.41,P＜0.05).The numbers of patients with mild,moderate and severe pancreatitis were 3,5 and 2 in the control group,and 1,1,0 in the test group,respectively,and there was a significant difference between the 2 groups ( Z =- 2.11,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Timely duodenal papilla fenestration is safe and effective in reducing the incidence of pancreatitis for patients with difficult biliary cannulation during ERCP.

Objective To estimate the effect of a tretinoin derivative ECPIRM on retinoic acid receptors (RARs),and to observe skin irritation responses to it in mice.Methods Cultured SCL-1 cells were divided into 2 groups to be treated with culture medium containing 10 μmol/L ECPIRM (ECPIRM group) or 10 μmol/L all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (ATRA group) for 24 hours,and those treated with drug-free culture medium served as the control group.Western blot analysis and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR were performed to quantify the protein and mRNA expressions of RARs (RARα,RARβ,RARγ and RXRα) respectively.In addition,real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was conducted to measure the mRNA expressions of two target genes of the activated RAR signaling pathway,i.e.,cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1) and tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1).Eight BALB/c mice were equally divided into 2 groups to be topically treated with 0.075％ ECPIRM gel or 0.05％ ATRA cream at equal molar concentrations on the shaved skin once daily for 21 successive days.Skin irritation reactions were assessed in these mice.Results Compared with the control group,the ATRA group showed significantly increased protein and mRNA expressions of RARα,RARβ and RARγ (all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA expressions of CYP26A1 and TIG1 genes in the ATRA group were 25.49 and 3.88 times that in the control group respectively (both P ＜ 0.01).However,there was no significant difference in the protein expressions of RARα,RARβ,RARγ and RXRα,or mRNA expressions of RARα,RARβ,RARγ CYP26A1 and TIG1 between the ECPIRM group and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).Obvious Skin irritation reactions such as erythema and desquamation were observed in BALB/c mice after 2-day topical treatment with ATRA cream,and their degree peaked after 5-day treatment.However,neither erythema nor desquamation was observed in BALB/c mice during 21-day treatment with 0.075％ ECPIRM gel.Conclusion Unlike ATRA,ECPIRM cannot activate the canonical RAR signaling pathway or cause skin irritation reactions.

AIM: To analyze the genotype of the allele distribution of a polymorphic G-954C within the 5 upstream promoter region of the nitric oxide synthetase 2A gene (NOS2A) in samples of diabetic retinopathy in patients with cystoid macular edema in the mainland of China.METHODS: Eighty-nine patients with diabetic retinopathy and cystoid macular edema and 90 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Nest polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was performed, and restriction endonudease digestion and gene fragments sequence were examined to detect the genotype of NOS24 G-954C.RESULTS: The genotypes of the sample population of 89 cases and 90 healthy controls were all detected as GG.CONCLUSION: The distribution of G-954C of NOS2A polymorphism are at a lower frequency in China, with little relevancy to the frequency of diabetic retinopathy combined with cystoid macular edema.

mRNAs of alpha-adrenoceptor (α-AR) subtypes are found in neurons in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and change after peripheral nerve injury. In this study, the distribution of α-AR subtype proteins was studied in L5 DRG of normal rats and rats with chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve (CCI). Using immunofluorescence technique, it was found that α1A-, α1B-, and α2A-AR proteins were expressed in large, medium, and small size neurons in normal DRG, and significantly increased in all size neurons 14 days after CCI. α1D- and α2C-AR was also expressed in all size neurons in normal DRG. However, α1D-AR was significantly increased and α2C-AR was decreased in small size neurons 14 days post CCI. α2B-AR neurons were not detectable in normal and CCI DRG. Co-expression of α1A- and α2A-AR in the same neuron was observed in normal DRG and increased post CCI. Collectively, these results indicated that there is distinct distribution of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons, and the distribution and levels of expression of α-AR subtypes change differently after CCI. The up-regulation of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons may play an important role in the process of generating and transmitting neuropathic pain.

Bioimprinting is a new developed technique to improve the characteristics of enzymes.Bioimprinting by lauric acid was conducted to improve the esterification activity of lipase PS in sol-gel immobilization process with methyltrimethoxysila(MTMS) and tetramethoxysila(TMOS) as the precursors.Results generated by checking the esterification activity and scanning electron microscope showed that bioimprinting can enhance the specific activity and thermal stability of lipase PS.The bioimprinting system was optimized by orthogonal experiment,and the optimal condition for lipase bioimprinting is water/silane molar ration(R) 12,polyethylene glycol(PEG) 120?l,and lauric acid 0.15 mmol.Compared with the free enzyme and the non-imprinted enzymes,the specific activity of imprinted enzymes has been improved 44.3 fold and 2.4 fold,respectively.Imprinted lipase show better thermal stability,and the relative activity is 58% after incubated in 80 ℃ for 0.5 h,while no activity was detected for the free enzyme.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and distribution of HCV genotypes and the clinical effect of interferon-alpha combined with ribavirin treatment in chronic hepatitis C patients in Kunming.

METHODS60 patients were divided into two groups based on drug therapies: PEG-interferon-a plus ribavirin treatment group for HCV 1b and interferon-a plus ribavirin treatment group for non-HCV-1b. Serum ALT levels and HCV RNA quantitations of the patients were detected during treatment and follow-up.

RESULTSThe HCV genotypes of 60 patients were determined by type specific probe assay, and five different types were found. Their overall prevalence were 21.7% for type 1b, 5% for type 2a, 16.7% for type 3a, 48.3% for type 3b, and 8.3% for type 6a. Sustained viral response rates for PEG-interferon treatment group were 46.1%, for interferon treatment group were 74.4%. The abnormal rate of serum ALT after the treatment had no significant difference between HCV-1b and non-HCV-1b patients (P>0.05). All patients with early viral responses got sustained viral response.

CONCLUSIONHCV-3b is the most dominant genotype in Kunming. The effect of PEG-interferon-a plus ribavirin treatment for genotype 1b is unsatisfactory. The early viral response is a good predictor for the responses to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral ; Ribavirin ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult