OBJECTIVETo analyze the related factors of the infection after operation of open tibiofibula fractures.

METHODSThe clinical data of 141 patients with open tibiofibula fractures underwent surgical treatment from June 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were male and aged from 18 to 61 years old with an average of 39.2 years; all the fractures were unilateral. According to Gustilo typing of fracure, 5 cases were type I, 44 cases were type II, 27 cases were type III a, 56 cases were type III b and 9 cases were type III c. These clinical data included patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), underlying diseases, time of operation, fracture site, fracture type, fixation method, postoperative drainage, debridement condition and so on. The postoperative infection conditions were recorded, and the correlation between above factors and infections were analyzed. Finally, the significant related variables were introduced into a Logistic regression model to evaluated their risk.

RESULTSAmong the 141 patients, 22 cases developed with infection (15.6%). The significant relative factors with infection contained fixation method, debridement condition, underlying diseases and postoperative drainage (P < 0.05). The correlativities were stepped up in order, their odds ratios value was 2.451, 3.164, 3.414, 5.117, respectively.

CONCLUSIONActive treatment for underlying diseases before operation, thorough debridement for open wound, suitable fixation method for fracture and thorough draining are effective measures in preventing postoperative infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Debridement ; Fibula ; injuries ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Wound Infection ; etiology ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and its possible mechanisms of Danhong Injection (DHI) on cerebral injury during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

METHODSFifty patients went to CABG with CPB were randomly assigned equally to two groups, the control group and the tested group. DHI 1.5 mL/kg was pumped to where the tested group at the times of aortic pre-charging and unclamping respectively, but to the control group, equal volume of normal saline was given instead. Blood samples were taken from jugular bulb at different time points, i. e. before operation (T1, baseline), re-warming to 36 degrees C (T2 ), 30 min (T3 ) and 6 h (T4) after terminating CPB, for determination levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity using xanthine oxidase method, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration using thiobarbituric method, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as interleukin-6, -8 using radioimmunoassay and -10 (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) using ELISA.

RESULTSLevel of SOD activity significantly decreased during (T2) and after CPB (T3 and T4) in the control group, as compared to the T1 (P < 0.01), but it was unchanged in the tested group; level of MDA increased during and after CPB in both groups (P < 0.01), but more significantly in the control group (P < 0.05), so comparison after CPB between the two groups showed a higher SOD and lower MDA level in the tested group. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 significantly increased in both groups after CPB (T3 and T4, P < 0.01) as compared to the T1, but the comparison between groups showed lower plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 levels at T3 and T4, and higher IL-10 level at T4 in the test group (P < 0.01). All patients had stable life signs with no occurrence of adverse reaction.

CONCLUSIONDHI has obvious protective effect on cerebral injury in patients undergoing CABG with CPB, the mechanisms may be associated with the actions of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and regulation on immune factors.

Aged ; Brain Injuries ; blood ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUNDAngelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by an expression defect of the maternally inherited copy of ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) gene from chromosome 15. Although the most common genetic defects include maternal deletions of chromosome 15q11-13, paternal uniparental disomy and imprinting defect, mutations in the UBE3A gene have been identified in approximately 10% of AS patients.

METHODSA Chinese girl of 28 months presented clinical manifestation of AS. Genetic diagnosis and molecular genetic defects were studied by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) and linkage analysis by short tandem repeat (STR). We further performed sequence analysis of all the coding exons and flanking sequences of the UBE3A gene. The novel mutation screening was also performed in 100 unrelated healthy individuals to exclude the possibility of identifying a polymorphism variation.

RESULTSThe MS-PCR analysis of the patient showed biparental inheritance of chromosome 15 with a normal methylation pattern in the 15q11-q13 region. And STR analysis revealed that the patient also inherited biparental alleles for six microsatellites. A novel mutation, cDNA1199 C> A (p.P400H), in exon 9 of the maternal UBE3A gene, was identified in the patient. Meanwhile, the mutation was observed in the patient's mother who had a normal phenotype.

CONCLUSIONSIt is necessary to perform the UBE3A gene mutation analysis in non-deletion/non-UPD/non-ID patients with AS. The clinical picture of the patient is concordant with that observed in previously reported AS patients with UBE3A mutation.

Angelman Syndrome ; genetics ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mutation, Missense ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the genetic diagnosis of Angelman syndrome(AS), and provide information for clinic diagnosis and counseling to AS families.

METHODSMethylation specific-PCR (MS-PCR) was used for primary diagnosis of 16 clinically suspected AS cases, and linkage analysis by short tandem repeat (STR) was applied to detect the molecular genetic defect in the nuclear families.

RESULTSIn this study, 10 AS patients were identified by MS-PCR, and 9 of them with maternal deletion in chromosome 15q11-q13, 1 with imprinting defect in chromosome 15q11-q13 were confirmed by STR linkage analysis.

CONCLUSIONMost of the AS patients could be confirmed by MS-PCR. And STR linkage analysis can detect the molecular defect of AS. It is very important for disease diagnosis, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis to perform the related genetic diagnosis.

Angelman Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Pedigree

The biological characterization, differentiation and regeneration of hepatic stem/progenitor cells are the one of very active and interested fields. In this report, intravenous injection of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) cells into the BALB/c-nu and SCID mice, an animal model for transplantation and liver injury, was reported. Using of flow cytometry and tissue typing (HLA), it was found that the HUCB cells were survived in mouse liver for 9 weeks. After separation from perfused liver, HUCB cells were detected by hematopoietic colonies (CFU-GEM M) in hepatocyte culture. It was concluded that the transplanted HUCB hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells can be survived in the liver over a long period of time.
Animals ; Cell Division ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; HLA-DR Antigens ; analysis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; physiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver ; cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, SCID

BACKGROUND: Jefferson fracture associated with unstable odontoid fracture is rare, and little reported.Occipito-cervical fusion is the commonly used treatment method, but it causes a severe loss of the motion of cervical vertebrae, which affects the patients' quality of life, so the curative effect is poor.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation for Jefferson fracture associated with unstable odontoid fracture, so as to avoid occipito-cervical fusion and preserve the motion of the atlanto-occipital joint.METHODS: Fifteen patients with Jefferson fracture associated with unstable odontoid fracture from March 2010 to August 2015, were treated with atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation. There were 13 cases of Anderson type II and 2 cases of Anderson shallow type lll odontoid fracture, as well as 5 cases combined with transverse atlantal ligament rupture. All patients underwent skull traction after admission, as well as three-dimensional CT was applied preoperatively to determine the atlas pedicle screw trajectory and chose suitable screws. Atlantoaxial transpedicular screw was placed and atlantoaxial joint was reduced under general anesthesia. Bone graft fusion of atlantoaxial joint was applied only for the transverse atlantal ligament.The pain and neurologic function were evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale and the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale before and after operation. The range of motion of the atlanto-occipital joint was observed during follow-up.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The mean operation time was (150±41) minutes (120-270 minutes). The mean blood loss was (246±95) mL (160-500 mL). (2) Atlantoaxial transpedicular screws were successfully placed in all patients. No spinal and nerve root injury, or vertebral artery injury occurred intraoperatively. The atlantoaxial achieved good reduction. (3) The follow-up time was 12-36 months. There were nine cases of incomplete spinal cord injury, and 7 cases of obviously improved neurologic function. The visual analog scale scores were significantly improved at 1 year postoperatively, from preoperative (8.15±0.62) to postoperative (1.2±1.4) (P < 0.05). (4) All fractures and bone grafts were healed without loosening or rupture of the screws. The range of motion of the atlanto-occipital joint was (14.6±2.8)° postoperatively. (5) To conclude, atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation is effective for Jefferson fracture combined with unstable odontoid fracture, which not only exhibits a high rate of bone healing and stable fixation, but also avoids the occipital-cervical fusion and preserves occipito-atlantal motion.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin-3 receptor alpha(CD123)on bone marrow cells in acute myelocytic leukemia(AML)and its clinical significances.Methods By means of Fluorescence-activated cell sorer(FACS)and semi-quantity reverse transcripition polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),the expression of IL-3R?(CD123+)protein on CD34+CD38-cells and mRNA in BMMNCs of 62 AML patients of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from March 2008 to January 2009 and 12 normal controls were detected respectively;Then the correlation between IL-3R? and the clinical stages of AML were analyzed.Results CD34+CD38-CD123+/CD34+CD38-and IL-3R? mRNA in BMMNC of 33 deno-vo or relapsed AML patients were higher than those of control group(P

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics of human bocavirus (HBoV) among children and to understand the association of HBoV with human diseases.

METHODTotally 148 nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples were collect from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection during Oct. 2005 to Feb. 2006. Two serum samples were obtained from HBoV positive patients. PCR was used to assay all these samples and PCR products were sequenced.

RESULTHBoV was positive in 11 of 148 NPA samples. The positive rate was 7.4 percent. The serum samples of HBoV infected patients showed that serum contained HBoV by PCR assay. All these HBoV positive patients had the clinical symptoms of bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and pneumonia. Some patients had diarrhea.

CONCLUSIONAll patients infected with HBoV had upper and lower respiratory tract infections. HBoV is a probable important pathogen of upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The HBoV could cause viremia. In addition, some HBoV patients had diarrhea. HBoV infection probably could also result in intestinal disease and other related symptoms.

Bocavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; virology

BACKGROUNDMaintenance of normal cardiac function is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. In congestive heart failure (CHF), sympathetic nerve denervation is increasingly recognized. The sympathetic fiber density depends on the balance between neurotrophins and neural guidance molecules. Semaphorin 3A (sema3a), a secreted neural guidance factor, is a well characterized member of the newly found semaphorin family. It can induce sympathetic growth cone collapse and axon repulsion. We conducted this study to investigate cell sources of sema3a in the heart, the expression level of sema3a in CHF and discuss the possible role of sema3a in CHF.

METHODSRats were divided into four groups: 30 days control group rats, 30 days CHF rats, 60 days control group rats, 60 days CHF rats. The heart failure model was induced by injection of isoproterenol (ISO) 340 mg/kg continuously two days. All animals underwent echocardiography and haemodynamics measurements. Cardiac expression of sema3a was determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the cell source of sema3a in the heart.

RESULTSIsoproterenol induced 30 days and 60 days CHF rats displayed left ventricular dilation, systolic and diastolic function decrease. Sema3a was secreted by the cardiocytes and increased significantly in 30 days and 60 days CHF rats compared with the controls (RT-PCR: 30 days group: 0.32 ± 0.05 vs. 0.58 ± 0.06, P < 0.01; 60 days group: 0.34 ± 0.08 vs. 0.71 ± 0.07, P < 0.01. Western blotting: 30 days group: 0.25 ± 0.10 vs. 0.46 ± 0.10, P < 0.05; 60 days group: 0.29 ± 0.10 vs. 0.55 ± 0.16, P < 0.01. Immunohistochemical analysis: 30 days group: 2.91 ± 0.20 vs. 5.31 ± 0.30, P < 0.01; 60 days group: 2.94 ± 0.30 vs. 5.80 ± 0.30, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSema3a was expressed in the heart by cardiocytes. Increased expression of sema3a may partly account for sympathetic denervation in CHF; modulation of this pathway may prove beneficial in heart failure sympathetic remodeling.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Echocardiography ; Heart Failure ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoproterenol ; toxicity ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Semaphorin-3A ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects and related factors of itraconazole in the treatment of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in the patients with blood diseases ( BD). Methods A total of 156 BD patients with IFI treated with itraconazole in General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University from 2005 to 2008, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of these patients, 92 were with underlying malignant BD, and 64 with non-malignant BD; 77 possible IFI, and others proven IFI. A total of 94 (63. 5% ) patients were responded to itraconazole successfully, while 54 (36. 5% ) failed. The underlying malignant BD, post-chemotherapy, neutrophil count less than 0. 5 x 109/L, positive fungus culture, and bacteria infection were related with the response to itraconazole significantly, while patient's age, application of other antibiotics,positive C test, IFI localization, haemoglobin level and platelet counts were not Five patients was changed other anti-IFI therapy because of side effects, including gastrointestinal ill (3 cases with nausea or vomiting) and tachycardia (2 cases). Conclusions Itraconazole was effective and safe in the treatment of IFI in the patients with BD. Underlying malignant BD, agranulocytosis, bacteria infection, and delayed anti-IFI therapy might reduce itraconazole therapeutic effects.