OBJECTIVEThis study aims to construct a long-term, osteogenesis-targeting HU-308 drug delivery implant by the layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly (LBL) technique, and observe the features of its delayed release in vitro.

METHODSA heparin (Hep) and chitosan (Chi) multilayer was coated on pure titanium using the LBL technique, and the titanium implants were dipped into the solution to load HU-308. The amount of loaded drug and release rates were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The relationships between the loading efficiency, release time, and multilayer films were evaluated. The morphology of all the multilayers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

RESULTSThe results showed that the Hep/Chi self-assembly multilayer was gradually fabricated on the titanium surface. HU-308 was successfully loaded on the titanium implants. The amount of loaded drug increased with the amount of multilayer films, except in the T20 group. In vitro drug release study showed that drug release was more difficult in the system with thicker films, and large amounts of multilayer films decreased the release speed. Both SEM and AFM measurements showed typical LBL deposition of Hep and Chi.

CONCLUSIONThe HU-308 drug delivery implant is successfully fabricated via LBL technology. It could provide sustained release of HU-308 over 30 d. This type of implant may provide a new possi- bility of promoting implant-bone osseointegration for osteoporotic patients.

Cannabinoids ; Chitosan ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Osseointegration ; Osteogenesis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium

Background Human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell transplantation treating retinal degenerative diseases is a researching topic,and the source of human RPE cells is a key problem.Many biological carriers can be used for the preparation of RPE cell layer.However,some advantages,such as cytotoxicity,lack of stability and immunologic reaction etc.are still existed.To study an ideal biological carrier is very important.Objective This experimental was to determine the effects of amniotic membrane on the proliferation and differentiation of human RPE cells and the possibility as a scaffold for RPE cell transplantation.Methods ARPE19 cell line cells were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 medium with 10％ fetal bovine serum,and 8-12generation of cells were used.The cells were divided into two groups.One group of cells were incubated on the denuded amniotic membrane,and the other group of cells were cultured in the medium (control group).MTT was performed to detect the A492 value of RPE cells for the evaluation of cell proliferation ability 24,48,72,96 hours after culture.Cell morphology was compared by histopathological examination 3 weeks after culture.The mRNA expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF),N-cadherin,β-catenin and cell connection related proteins in the cells of both groups were assayed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Ultrastructure of the cells was observed under the transmission and scan electronic microscope 3 weeks after culture.Results The number of ARPE-19 cells cultured on denuded amniotic membrane was decreased significantly in comparison with the normal culture plate(F=41.760,P =0.000).Histopatholy also showed that the cell density on amniotic membrane was lower than of normal cells on plate surface.Moreover,the expression level of claudin 1 mRNA,N-cadherin mRNA and PEDF mRNA were significantly up-regulated in denuded amniotic membrane group in comparison with control group (t=15.828,P=0.000 ;t=6.839,P=0.002 ;t=14.667,P=0.000),but the expression of Connexin 43 mRNA was down-regulated in denuded amniotic membrane group compared with control group(t=3.358,P=0.024).Ultrastructural examination revealed that ARPE-19 cells cultured on amniotic membrane exhibited a polygonal epithelial phenotype with cilium on the apical side,however,the cells cultured on normal culture plate displayed fusiform shape and uneven thickness.Conclusions Amniotic membrane plays a promoting effect on the differentiation of ARPE-19 cells and a inhibitory effect on the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells,suggesting that amniotic membrane might be an useful scaffold for the preparation of functionally mature RPE cells for clinical transplantation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; CDC2 Protein Kinase ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Young Adult

The chemical constituents isolated from Desmodium species (Leguminosae) included terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids compounds. Modem pharmacological studies have showed that the Desmodium species have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, antipyretic, analgesic and choleretic activity. This article mainly has reviewed the research advances of chemical constituents and biological activities of Desmodium species since 2003.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Humans

To compare the difference of total phenol of magnolia solid dispersion prepared by different methods. Hot melt extrusion, solvent evaporation method, and fusion-cooling method were used to prepare total phenol of Magnolia accessory solid dispersion, Plastone S-630 and HPC. The drug dispersion state in the prepared solid dispersion was evaluated with DSC and X-ray diffraction; FT-IR method was used to analyze the possible connections between drug and accessories. Finally, accelerated stability-in vivo dissolution test was use to compare the stability differences between these three processes. The results of DSC and X-ray diffraction showed that all of the drug in solid dispersion processed by three processes can exist in amorphous form; FT-IR results also could not distinguish the difference between the three processes; accelerated stability-in vivo dissolution test showed the stability of solid dispersion prepared by HPC was better than Plastone S-630, and the same kinds of materials solid dispersion prepared by hot melt extrusion showed a better stability than the other two processes.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Phenol ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; X-Ray Diffraction

Objective To assessed the expression of inducible costimulator(ICOS)on peripheral blood and joint fluid CD4,CDS,CD45RO T cells and B cells in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods Expression of ICOS and ICOS/CD45RO on peripheral blood and joint fluid CD4~+CD8~+T cells and ICOS ligand(ICOSL)on CD19 B cells from RA patients and healthy volunteers were determind by three-color flow cytometry.Compar- ision with active and inactive RA,initial and relapsed RA had been done.Results Joint fluid CD4 and CD8 T cells expressing ICOS,ICOS/CD45RO were significantly increased than peripheral blood in RA patients and healthy subjects.Joint fluid B cells expressing ICOSL were significantly reduced than peripheral blood in RA patients.Meanwhile,peripheral blood B cells expressing ICOSL were significantly reduced in active RA than inactive RA patients.Conclusion Hyperexpression of ICOS and ICOS/CD45RO on joint fluid CD4 and CD8 T cells and lowexpression of ICOSL in B cells from RA patients,expecially in active RA may contribute to the local immunopathological roles and joint destructions in the pathogenesis of RA.

The arrenotokous toxicity of triptolide was evaluated, and the rate of sperm abnormality, the changes of the lipid peroxide, the enzyme activity and the hormone in male rats were observed. With the negative and positive control group, the healthy rats were respectively given by gavage triptolide suspension at the dose of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mg x kg(-1) for 30 days. Then the rats were killed for the measurement of the indicators in testis and serum, as well as the study on the sperm abnormality. The results showed that the positive control group had significant difference, compared with the negative control group. The content of SOD, LDH, G-6-PD, Na+ -K+ -ATPase, Ca+ -Mg+ -ATPase decreased significantly in 0.05 mg x kg(-1) group, and reduced more obviously with exposure to the dose of 0.1 mg x kg(-1). The levels of GSH-Px and beta-G showed a significant decrease in the testis of rats only at the dose of 0.1 mg x kg(-1). Nevertheless, the MDA levels, the FSH levels and the LH levels showed no significant difference. The deformity rate of sperm increased significantly in 0.05 mg x kg(-1) group and 0.1 mg x kg(-1) group. The results indicated the triptolide had the effect of the lipid peroxidation to damage Spermatogenic cells, Sertolis cells and Leydig cells. At the same time, the triptolide interfered not only with the energy supply process of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis,but also with the energy utilization in testis by affecting the activities of testis marker enzymes, and produced a damage chain of the male reproductive system
Animals ; Diterpenes ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; toxicity ; Epoxy Compounds ; toxicity ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Phenanthrenes ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Testis ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; toxicity

Objective To examine the effects of different pre-treatment nutritional status and inflammatory markers on acute adverse reactions in esophageal cancer patients during concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and chemotherapy.Methods The acute adverse reactions of 338 eligible esophageal cancer patients who received concurrent IMRT and chemotherapy in our hospital from 2006 to 2014 were reviewed.The effects of different pre-treatment nutritional status, such as body mass index level (BMI), albumin level (ALB), total lymphocyte count (TLC), the presence or absence of anemia, and inflammatory indicators including neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), on acute adverse reactions in the patients were examined.Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with continuity correction and logistic regression analysis.Results The incidence rate of malnutrition in the patients based on their nutritional status was 5.62%-54.14%.The incidence rate of grade≥2 acute radiation esophagitis (RE) was significantly higher in the low ALB group than in the normal ALB group (P=0.000).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the hematologic system increased as TLC decreased (P=0.006), but the incidence rate of acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) was reduced as TLC decreased (P=0.001).In addition, the incidence rate of grade ≥2 acute RE was significantly higher in the anemia group than in the non-anemia group.Inflammatory marker analysis demonstrated that the incidence rate of acute RE was significantly higher in the high NLR group and high PLR group than in the low NLR group and low PLR group (P=0.000 and P=0.024, respectively).Logistic regression analysis of nutritional status and inflammatory markers showed that TLC was an independent risk factor for acute adverse reactions in the hematologic system (P=0.001), and ALB and PLR were independent risk factors for acute RE (P=0.017 and P=0.011,respectively).Conclusions Nutritional status and inflammatory markers are associated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy-induced acute adverse reactions in esophageal carcinoma patients, and hence may be valuable indicators of acute adverse reactions during treatment.In addition, nutritional treatment and support care should be actively provided to the patients to prevent the development of acute adverse reactions during treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study change and the value of diagnosis of harmonic imaging ultrasonic integrated backscatter (IBS) on the very early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHOD72 patients were divided 2 groups, A group 30 cases with AMI at the very early stage of acute myocardial infarction (in 2 hours), B group 42 cases with typical acute myocardial infarction (in 2 - 12 hours) were examined by IBS and the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter (CVIB) with HP-5500 ultrasonic system in the segment of myocardial infarction and no myocardial infarction.

RESULTSIn A group the IBS of the segment of AMI are very higher than that of the segment of no AMI [(18.8 +/- 3.4) dB vs (8.3 +/- 1.2) dB, P < 0.01], the CVIB are lower [(6.3 +/- 0.7) dB vs (7.6 +/- 1.1) dB, P < 0.01]. But in the meanwhile there are no obvious changes in ECG. In B group the IBS of the segment of AMI is obvious higher than the normal person and no infarction segment in the same heart [(22.2 +/- 4.1) dB vs (8.3 +/- 1.2) dB, (21.1 +/- 3.2) dB vs (8.7 +/- 0.9) dB, P < 0.05], but CVIB is obvious lower than the normal person and no infarction segment in the same heart [(5.6 +/- 0.8) dB vs (7.6 +/- 1.1) dB, P < 0.05; (5.8 +/- 0.7) dB vs (9.3 +/- 0.9) dB, P < 0.01], the changes of the ultrasonic is coincidence with ECG. The change of IBS are very obvious just as in ECG.

CONCLUSIONThe result demonstrate that ultrasonic tissue characterization with harmonic imaging integrated backscatter can be used for diagnosis the very early stage of AMI, and can judge the segment range of AMI and function of the whole heart.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Echocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo create Atractylode macrocephala inspissation decoction pieces. The effect of ultrasonic wave on extraction of the active components in A. macrocephala was studied in a water solution.

METHODThe factors including the ratio of material to liquid, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, soaking time, particle size etc, were studied. The best extraction method was found through the response surface method.

RESULTThe best extraction method was found as follows: the granularity of material 0.1 mm, the repetition times of ultrasonic process 3 times, the soaking time before the ultrasonic process 30 min, the ratio of liquid to material 10:1, the soaking time after the ultrasonic process 2.6 h, the time of the ultrasonic wave 15.5 min, the power of the ultrasonic wave 531 W, the rate of reservation of active components 88.5%, the rate of inspissation 1.6.

CONCLUSIONThe ultrasonic wave can used in the extraction of the active components in A. macrocephala and a model equation that can be used to predict the experiment was get through the response surface method.

Atractylodes ; chemistry ; Lactones ; isolation & purification ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; isolation & purification ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Ultrasonics