Objective To determine the optimum water-extracting technology of Mailuoning injection. Methods The orthogonal test was used to select the water extract technology of Mailuoning injection. Results The best technology was that crude drug was added 12 and 8 times water, then soaked 0.5 h, and extracted for l.5 and 1.0 h. Conclusion The study of technology provides the basis for further purification.

Humans ; Medical Staff ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health

To try to find out the possible use of histochemistry in the prenatal diagnosis in first trimester of pregnancy, 20 kinds of enzymes in chorionic villi from 6th to 9th week of gestation which are related to inborn errors of metabolism were investigated and graded according to their histochemical reactive intensity; the enzymes listed below: (1). ?-glucuronidase, (2). ?-galactosidase, (3). arylsulfatase, (4). ?-N-acetylglucosaminidase, (5). 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, (6). NADH dehydrogenase, (7). adenosine triphosphatase, (8). alkaline phosphatase,(9). acid phosphatase, (10). creatine phosphokinase, (11). glutamic dehydrogenase, (12). aldolase, (13). xylitol dehydrogenase, (14). alcohol dehydrogenase, (15). xanthine oxidase, (16). catalase, (17). ornithine carbamoyl transferase, (18). lipase, (19). cholinesterase, (20). ?-glutamyl transpeptidase. The experimental results show that the last 6 kinds of enzymes present negative reactions. Since the his- tochemical reactions of the first 14 kinds of enzymes are positive, it is possible that they can be used for the prenatal diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism caused by dificiency of corresponding enzymes. The results also show that compared with biochemical method, histochemical method has the advantages of requiring smaller amount of chorionic villi, being without contamination by maternal cells, simplicity and rapidity.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of different background volumes of ropivacaine in continuous tibial nerve block of postoperative analgesia after calcaneal surgery.Methods:This study was a prospective,randomized,controlled study.Sixty cases of calcaneal visual analogue scale (ASA)ⅠorⅡundergoing elective surgery were selected and randomly assigned to two groups,thirty cases in each group.The patients received popliteal fossa posterior tibial nerve block using ultrasound guided.The con-tinuous stimulation catheter was inserted after successful position and the 0.2%ropivacaine was injected. The background volumes of the A and B groups were 5 mL/h and 3.2 mL/h.The VAS score,the senso-ry block and motor block of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve,and the satisfaction of the patients at h 12,h 24 and h 48 were recorded after catheter insertion.Results:The VAS scores at the three time points (h 12,h 24 and h 48)on the two groups of the patients were compared,and the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).The difference of the sensory block and the motor block of the tibial nerve at the three time points (h 12,h 24 and h 48)on the two groups of the patients were also compared,and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The difference of the sensory block and the motor block of common peroneal nerve at h 48 hs was statistically significant,group A was higher than the group B (P<0.05).The difference of the patient satisfaction at the three time points (h 12,h 24 and h 48)on the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion:The use of 0.2% ropivacaine with the background volume of 3.2 mL/h in continuous tibial nerve block can pro-vide good analgesia and reduce the incidence of the sensory block and motor block of the common perone-al nerve.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for 3 patients with primary aldosteronism who previously underwent ipsilateral adrenal surgery or nephrectomy. Methods From October 2003 to March 2004,transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed on 3 male patients with primary aldosteronism,including 2 patients (39 and 72 years,respectively) who had previously undergone ipsilateral retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy for Conn’s adenoma and 1 patient (42 years) who had previously undergone ipsilateral open nephrectomy for renal tuberculosis. Results Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was successfully performed on all the 3 patients; no complication occurred.The mean tumor size was average 1.7 cm in greatest dimension;the mean operative time was average 93 min;the mean estimated blood loss was average 18 ml,and no one needed blood transfusion.The postoperative food intake time was average 17 h,and postoperative hospital stay was average 5.0 d. Conclusions Although scar and adhesion of previous operation may present more difficulties in the subsequent operation,it is feasible to perform transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy through different surgical access on the patients who have previously underwent ipsilateral retroperitoneal adrenal or nephric surgery.

Objective To evaluate retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Methods From June of 1999 to January of 2001, retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed on 52 patients with adrenal diseases, including 34 cases of aldosterone-preducing adenoma,3 nodular hyperplasia bilateral in 1, 5 Cushing's syndrom,1 Cushing's disease, 3 adrenal pheochromacytoma (bila- teral in 1), 4 nonfunctional adrenal adenoma, 1 myelolipoma and 1 metastasis carcinoma. Results 54 sessions of retroperitoneal adrenalectomy have been carried out for 52 patients (2 on both sides) with success in 51 procedures. The procedure was converted to open operation in 3 occasions because of bleeding or adhesion. The mean operation time was 135 minutes (40～270 min), and the estimated blood loss 45 ml (5～150 ml) with no need of transfusion. The postoperative hospital stay was 6 d (3～14 d) and the mean analgesia consumed 8.5 mg (0～50 mg) of morphine equivalents with no need of any analgesic at all in 17 patients. Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was less traumatic to the patients, with less postoperative discomfort and quicker recovery. The procedure should be considered as the first choice of therapy for benign adrenal diseases.

Objective To evaluate retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of primary aldosteronism. Methods Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery was performed in 90 patients with primary aldosteronism (92 sites on either or both sides).Their clinical indicators were compared with those of 30 cases undergoing open surgery. Results Retroperitoneal laparoscopic procedures were successfully performed in 91 of the 92 sides.In these successful cases,mean operative time was 93 minutes (compared with 114 minutes in open surgery cases),mean volume of blood loss was 36 ml (compare with 87 ml),mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.8 d(compared with 11.0 d),mean time to flatus was 1.6 d (compared with 3.1 d),and mean time to walk around was 2.1 d(compared with 3.3 d), P

Objective To analyze the change of the proportions of the hospitalization causes in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) in a single-central hospital in late 20 years.Methods 1 259 hospitalized cases diagnosed primarily as chronic heart failure were selected from the First Central Hospital of Tianjin during 1983-2002,and divided into two groups with a decade interval.A comparative analysis was performed to explore the proportions of the primary,concomitant and multiple causes of hospitalization for CHF patients between two groups.Results(1) The most common primary causes in general cases was coronary artery disease(CAD,56.6%),rheumatic heart disease(RHD,20.9%) and pulmonary heart disease(PHD,9.2%).During the latter decade,the proportions of CAD and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) increased,while RHD,PHD,congenital heart disease(CHD) decreased.(2) The causes of concomitant disease for CHF was essential hypertension(EHT,44.0%),diabetes mellitus(DM,16.4%),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD,14.3%),cerebral-vascular disease(CVD,11.4%) and anemia(5.2%).All proportions of these concomitant diseases except COPD increased during the latter decade(P

The nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to interact with a variety of cellular proteins and implicated in the regulation of cell growth, interferon resistance, and other cellular signaling pathways. Using the yeast-two hybrid method, we have isolated a clone that encodes a novel NS5A--associated binding protein: NS5ABP37. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was employed to amplify the full fragment,and the plasmid pGADT7-NS5ABP37 with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae vector pGADT7 was constructed. To prove the interaction, yeast cell Y187 transformed with pGADT7-NS5ABP37 was mated with yeast cell AH109 containing pGBKT7-NS5A to verify the interaction between the novel protein coded by the new gene NS5ABP37 and NS5A.

Objective HCV NS3 protein plays an important role in disease caused by HCV. We investigate the gene expression of HCV NS3 in yeast for future study of the function of the protein. Methods PCR was performed to amplify the gene of HCV NS3 from the plasmid pBRTM/HCV containing the whole fragment of HCV and the gene was cloned into pGEM T vector. Thereafter, HCV NS3 gene was cut from pGEM T vector and cloned into yeast expression plasmid pGBKT7, and recombinant pGBKT7∶NS3 was transformed into yeast AH109. The yeast protein was isolated and analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and Western blotting. Results HCV NS3 gene was successfully cloned into pGBKT7. The results of SDS PAGE and Western blotting assay showed that the molecular weight of the expressed product was about 22000 Da and HCV NS3 protein was existed within yeast cells.Conclusions HCV NS3 was successfully expressed in yeast expression system.