0.05).Conclusion Gatifloxation is safe and efficient in the treatment of community acquired pneomonia.

Objective To evaluate the morphological and signal intensity changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction , and to analyze the correlations between MRI evaluation and clinical examination .Methods Totally 34 patients who underwent anterior cruciate liga-ment reconstruction in our hospital from July 2013 to June 2015 were given MRI examination .The morphology ,orientation and signal intensity of the anterior cruciate ligament grafts were evaluated on axial ,sagittal and coronal images .The grafts were assessed with Rak method ,and the clinical assessment was adopted with physical assessment method ,including drawer test ,axial shift test and Lachman test .The correlations be-tween MRI evaluation and clinical examination results were further analyzed by SPSS 16.0.Results After anterior cruciate ligament recon-struction,79%of the graft were visualized as a smoothly continuous low signal (well-defined type),15%of the graft showed increased signal intensity with only a small part of low signal bands ( intermediate type ) ,and 6% of the grafts showed remarkably increased signal intensity (indiscernible type).A statistically significant correlation was identified in MRI evaluation and clinical examination results (P<0.05). Spearman’ s correlation coefficient was 0.747 2 which indicating significantly positive correlation .Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive high-resolution imaging technology and it is an effective tool for evaluating anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction .

Mutagenicity Tests ; methods ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; adverse effects

BACKGROUND:Individualized percutaneous cannulated screws fixation with the help of computer-assisted design and cast immobilization are common methods for treating nondisplaced wrist scaphoid fracture. However their clinical outcomes are stil unclear. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical results of individualized percutaneous cannulated screws fixation with the help of computer-assisted design and cast immobilization for treatment of Herbert type Ib scaphoid fracture. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 36 patients with fresh Herbert type Ib scaphoid fracture were divided into two groups, individualized percutaneous cannulated screws fixation with the help of computer-assisted design group (screw group, 20 cases) and cast immobilization group (cast group, 16 cases). In the screw group, cannulated screws were inserted using 0.8 mm kirschner wires from scaphoid tuberosity based on the preoperative individualization fixation parameters. The direction of the wires was guided under C-arms and Herbert screws were percutaneously immobilized after fluoroscopy. In the cast group, radial deviation and palmar flexion plaster casts were immobilized for 3 months. The time of bone union, rate of bone nonunion, time return to work, wrist motion were recorded and compared in the fol ow-up. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al cases were fol owed for 10-24 months. Al patients in the screw fixation group and 13 out of 16 patients in the cast group achieved bone union. The average time of bone union of the two groups was 6 weeks and 14 weeks respectively (P＜0.001). The time of returning to work was 7.6 weeks and 16.8 weeks respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (P＜0.001). The range of motion of screw fixation group at the final fol ow-up was 96.4°-114.4°, average 104.4°, which was significantly higher than that in the cast group (66.4°-104.2°, average 94.2°;P＜0.001). Individualized percutaneous cannulated screws fixation with the help of computer-assisted design can provide mini-invasion, high accuracy and good reproducibility, has better results than cast immobilization in the treatment of Herbert typeⅠscaphoid fractures.

Objective To determine the effect of age,body figure and risk framing in making treatment decision for female patients with breast cancer.Methods Two groups of healthy female:one group of 60 female ages 18-24 from undergraduate student and the other group of 60 female ages 35-60 from the university community.Healthy women imagined that they had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received information regarding lumpectomy versus mastectomy and recurrence rates.Participants indicated whether they would choose lumpectomy or mastectomy and reasons.Results The different concern levels of body appearance between younger and older women influences treatment selection of lumpectomy versus mastectomy.Facing the risk information,older women were unlikely to select the breast conserving operation.Conclusions The factors of age and the attention to body figure would effect the choice of breast conserving operation or mastectomy.Risk information on the selection of treatment would not affected directly,but the effects of risk information on younger and older female is different.Nurses should provide the age-appropriate information who recently have been diagnosed with breast cancer regarding treatment alternatives to ensure their active participation in the decision-making process,female who have different levels of investment in body figure also may have different concerns about treatment,and should be alert on empathetic of such concerns.

AIM To study the effects of dexamethasone on expressing monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP 1 ) mRNA in the rats with pulmonary fibrosis, elaborate the molecular mechanism of dexamethasone (Dxs) in pulmonary fibrosis therapy. METHODS The model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by instilling bleomycin intratracheally. After treating with Dxs ip , the levels of MCP 1 mRNA were determined by RT PCR. The histological changes were observed and the numbers of inflammatory cells were counted in optical microscopy field. RESULTS The accumulation of inflammatory cells decreased markedly, and the symptom of pulmonary fibrosis was alleviated. Furthermore, Dxs evidently inhibited the expression of MCP 1 mRNA in lung tissues with pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION The molecular mechanism of Dxs in pulmonary fibrosis therapy was associated with inhibiting the expression of MCP 1 mRNA.

Object Isolation and structural identification of xanthone derivative from medicinal plant Swertia mileensis T N Ho et W L Shih were carried out Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by extensive silica gel column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by chemical evidences and spectral analysis Results There were 12 xanthone analogues named 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 5 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅰ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅱ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅲ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3 dimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅳ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 7 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅴ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 5 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅵ); 1, 5 dihydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅶ); 1, 8 dihydroxy 2, 3, 6 trimethoxyxanthone, (Ⅷ); 1 hydroxy 2, 3, 4, 7 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅸ); 1, 2, 3, 5 tetromethoxyxanthone, (Ⅹ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 4, 6 tetramethoxyxanthone, (Ⅺ); 1 hydroxyl 2, 3, 6, 8 tetramethoxyxanthone, ( ⅩⅡ ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ ⅩⅡ were first isolated from S. mileensis

Objective To evaluate the effect of the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in tumor tissue on analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine in advanced cancer patients with pain. Methods One hundred and fifty advanced cancer patients with pain aged 51-64 yr weighing 54-65 kg were included in this study. The expression of P-gp was negative in the tumor tissue in 50 patients (group M1 and B1, n = 25 each) and positive in 100 patients (group M2 ,M3 ,and B2 ,B3, n =25 each). The PCA regimen for the 6 groups were listed in the table .Pain was assessed with VAS scores (0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain) and venous blood samples were taken for determination of blood morphine/buprenorphine concentrations at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h of PCIA. Results The six groups were comparable with respect to age, body weight, M/F sex ratio, types of cancer, baseline pain level and education. The analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine was better ( VAS scores were significantly lower)in P-gp expression negative patients (group M1 and B1 ) than in P-gp expression positive patients (group M2 and B2 ). Higher doses of morphine and buprenorphine provided better analgesic efficacy in P-gp expression positive patients in group M3 and B3 than in group M2 and B2. Plasma morphine and buprenorphine concentrations were comparable between group M1 , B1 and M2, B2 and were significantly higher in group M3 and B3 at each time point. Conclusion Positive P-gp expression in the tumor tissue can decrease the analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine in advanced cancer patients with pain.

Objective To study the expressions of PTTG and bFGF proteins and their relationship with microvessels density(MVD)in esophageal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of PTTG and bFGF proteins in 48 esophageal carcinoma tissues and the same para-cancerous tissues.MVD was evaluated by immunohistochemieal staining with antibody CD34.Results The positive rate of PTTG and bFGF was 68.8%(33/48)and 70.8%(34/48)respectively.Rate of PTTG protein expression in esophageal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues(8.3%and 12.5%,P＜0.05).The positive rate 0f PTTG,bFGF and MVD was correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.There was no relationship with age,sex,tumor size MVD(P＜0.05).Conclusion PTTG and bFGF are over-expressed in esophageal carcinoma.Increased PTTG may play an important role in carcinogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma by promoting the expression of bFGF protein which may induce an angiogenesis.

Background and Purpose:Kaposi's sarcoma(KS) cases occurring in renal allograph recipients was considered to be due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy.But the exact carcinogenetic process has not been elucidated so far.The lesions could not be distinguished from other KS types by histopathological study.Endemic KS cases seemed to be more common in Xinjiang,especially in the Uygur ethnic group,and their relation to other types of KS was investigated in three cases by histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the present study.Methods:Biopsy specimens from three cases of renal tronsplantation related KS,including two Uygur and one Han patients,were obtained from this hospital(No.474 hospital of PLA).Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded blocks were cut for routine HE and immunohistochemical staining to study respectively.Monoantibodies of CD34,Ⅷ-factor,Vimentin,actin and FN were detected by S-P techniques for immunohistochemistry.Results:Histopathologically,the typical histology of traditional KS was found in almost all the specimens of the three patients.In the early stage of the disease,there are only a few vessel fissures with irregular dilation and clustering obese(epithelioid)cells.In the middle stage,the changes are wider in scope with proliferation of spindle cells,in the form of beams and weaves.The proliferating vessels are dilated and hyperemic around the lesion.In the late stage,the spindle cells proliferation are markedly atypical,and karyokinesis is increased.Immunohistochemistry showed CD34 to be more strongly positive,Ⅷ-Factor(+),Vimentin(+) showed a weak reation;while actin(-),FN(-) were negative.Conclusions:Renal transplantation related KS is not essentially different from other types of KS both in histopathohogy and immunohistochemical characters which may reflect that they have a similar etiopathogenetic procession.However,the distinctive distribution of morbidity among different ethnic groups or districts strongly suggested that the genetic background plays a critical role on KS carcinogenesis.