To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus from 2013 to 2016 in Xiaoshan,China,we collected the epidemiological data of human A(H7N9) cases as well as the results of environmental monitoring and analyzed it by case study,descriptive epidemiological method,and statistical analysis.Results showed that a total of 22 cases were confirmed,including 12 deaths.All the cases occurred in winter and spring,and most of them had been exposed to live poultry,and with the underlying condition of chronic diseases.Chi-square test showed that the ratio of cases with chronic diseases in death group was higher (P=0.01).The environmental monitoring result showed there were distinctive seasonal differences of positive rate with peaks in winter and spring and nadirs in autumn and summer.Positive rates for the samples from external environmental monitoring were consistent with the distribution of the case onset.Due to rise of environmental monitoring positive rate,we should be alert to the occurrence of new cases,especially in rural areas where live poultry fairs still exist and among people with occupational exposure.We should further improve ability to prevent and control this disease.

Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Neurilemmoma ; surgery ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Temporal Bone ; innervation

Objective To study the effects of mild hypothermia on nervous cell apoptosis and activity of Caspase - 3 after hypoxia -ischemia brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats. Methods Seven - day SD rats were divided into sham operation group,normothermia HIBD group (HIBD group) and mild hypothermia HIBD group(mild hypothermia group). In HIBD group,the left carotid of rats was ligated and animals were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h.and in mild hypothermia group,hypothermia of 31 - 32 1C lasting 8 hours was used just after HIBD. L sing methods of TUNEL and AC - DEVI) - AMC, the apoptotic cell rate and Caspase - 3 activity level were determined in sham operated group, HIBD group and mild hypothermia group separatively. Results The apoptotic cell rate and Caspase - 3 activity level were significantly lower in sham - operated group and mild hypothermia group than those in HIBD group. Conclusion One of the mechanisms of brain protection by mild hypothermia may be contributed to the decrease of neural cell apoptosis and the activity level of Caspase 3 HIBD.

The content of the asarone submicro emulsion injection was determind by HPLC method, and thereby a quality evaluation method was established based on indexes of pH value, particle size, peroxide value, methoxy aniline values, free fatty acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, visible foreign substances, insoluble particle, sterility, bacterial endotoxin and impurities, etc. The results showed that the injection exhibited uniform physical appearance and all the products were in milkwhite liquid. The content of the three batches products were respectively 102.9%, 100.8%, 97.70% of the labeled amount, with mean particle size of 210-250 nm, and other indexes all met with the standards. The reserved samples showed no obvious change in terms of detection indexes and indicated good stability after the accelerated stability test and long-term stability for 12 months. The quality evaluation method established in this study could be applied to quality control and stability investigation of asarone submicron emulsion injection, which laid a basis for further clinical research and application.
Anisoles ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo compare the early clinical effects of Activ C cervical disc replacement (ACDR) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in treating single-level cervical spondylosis.

METHODSThe clinical data of 76 patients with single-level cervical spondylosis underwent surgery from July 2009 to September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 28 patients were treated with ACDR (ACDR group), including 18 males and 10 females, aged from 32 to 62 years old with an average of (45.2±6.2) years; and 48 patients were treated with ACDF (ACDF group), including 28 males and 20 females, aged from 33 to 60 years old with an average of (45.8±6.4) years. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score, Short Form-36 (SF-36), imaging data were used to assess the clinical effects after operation.

RESULTSA total of 76 patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 13.2 months. VAS of neck pain and brachialgia were improved in all patients after operation (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between two group (P>0.05). Somato-score and psycho-score of SF-36 of two groups were obviously increased (P<0.05), ACDR group was better than that of ACDF group (P<0.05). In ACDR group, there was no significant difference in the range of motion of surgical segments and adjacent segments between preoperative and postoperative (P>0.05); heterotopic ossification around the edge of vertebral body occurred in 1 case on the 6th month after operation, no fusion was found on the 1st year after operation. In ACDF group, the adjacent vertebral disease occurred in 1 case and the patient underwent the reoperation.

CONCLUSIONActiv C cervical disc replacement can reduce the degeneration of adjacent segments and its early outcomes for the treatment of single-level cervical spondylosis are satisfactory, but the long-term effects still need study.

Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Total Disc Replacement ; methods

To investigate the effect of compound Chinese traditional medicine PC-SPES II I in inhibiting proliferation of human prostate cancer cell LNCaP based on the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. The effect of PC-SPES II on LNCaP cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. According to the findings, at the mass concentration of 180-1 440 mg x L(-1), PC-SPES II significantly inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP cells; the IC50 of PC-SPES II at 24 h and 48 h were 311.48, 199.01 mg x L(-1), respectively. The flow Cytometry detection showed 240 mg x L(-1) PC-SPES II arrested cells in G2/M phase, and an obvious apoptotic peak appeared before G0/G1 peak and rose over time. Meanwhile, Hoechst 33258 staining revealed apoptotic cellular morphology. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining manifested an increase in apoptotic cell ratio at the PC-SPES II concentration of 480 mg x L(-1) in a dose dependent manner. The prostate specific antigen (PSA) secretion of LNCaP cells was tested by PSA ELISA kit. Besides, compared with 25 mg x L(-1) Bic, 480 mg x L(-1) PC-SPES II significantly reduced the cell secretion of PSA. The AR and PSA mRNA and protein expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. According to the results, after the induction of LNCaP cells with synthetic androgen 25 μg x L(-1) R1881, 240-480 mg x L(-1) PC-SPES II notably down-regulated the AR and PSA mRNA and protein expressions and inhibited the translocation of AR from cytoplasm to nucleus. In summary, PC-SPES II significantly can inhibit the in vitro proliferation of LNCaP cells and arrest cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Its mechanism may be associated with the down-regulation of the AR and PSA expressions and the inhibition of AR nuclear translocation.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Receptors, Androgen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Objective:To explore the influence of ischemia/reperfusion (anoxia/reoxygenation)[FK(W16*2。142mmZQ1mm]on immunofunction of endothelial cells(ECs) and effect of intervention with 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine on it.Methods:Model of ECs induced by anoxia/reoxygenation was established to mimic ECs ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo with human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304.Then 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyraxine was used to intervene the anoxia/reoxygenation process.Nuclear transcriptional factor-?B(NF-?B) was exhibited by fluorescent staining,HLA-ABC,HLA-DR,CD86 and CD54 were detected by flow cytometry.Mixed endothelial cell-lymphocyte reaction(MELR) was conducted to examine the proliferation of lymphocyte,production of IL-2 and percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte.Results:Anoxia/reoxygenation made the ECV304 cell became round,shrunk and abscised,with increased plasma NF-?B,and changed from positive cytoplasm to positive nucleus.HLA-ABC,HLA-DR and CD86 on surface of cells increased but CD54 showed unchanged.MELR showed the incorporation of ~3H-TdR and production of IL-2 increased significantly and the percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte decreased.After 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine intervention,the ECV304 cell shapes recovered,NF-?B expression didn’t down-regulated,but the percentage of positive cells decreased,changes to positve dominant.Besides,reversal changes were shown in other parameters.Conclusion:Anoxia/reoxygenation influences some important immune related molecules in ECV304 cells.2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine could antagonize these influences to maintain the immune function of endothelial cells in a relative normal manner.

[Objective] To investigate associations between the functional polymorphisms of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and between STAT4 protein expression and the genotypes of rs 10181656 locus.[Methods] PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype rs 1 0181656 locus polymorphism in 332 URSA cases and 260 normal controls,in 86 URSA cases and 77 normal controls of which immunohistochemical technique was used to detect STAT4 protein expression.[Results] The frequencies of rs10181656 C/G were 36.45 ％,46.54％ in genotype C/C,46.99％,45.38％ in genotype C/G and 16.57％,8.08％ in genotype G/G between URSA patients and normal controls.They reached statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).The carriers of rs 10181656 G allele increased the risk of URSA (OR =1.50,P ＜ 0.05).STAT4 protein expression in decidual tissues:①There was statistical difference in the STAT4 protein expression in decidual tissues between cases and controls (P ＜ 0.05).In URSA patients there was statistical difference in the STAT4 protein expression among genotype CC,CG and GG of rs10181656 locus (P ＜ 0.05).So was in normal controls (P ＜ 0.05).In genotype CC there was no difference in the STAT4 protein expression between cases and controls (P ＞ 0.05).Neither was In genotype CG and GG respectively (P all ＞ 0.05).[Conclusion] Functional polymorphisms of the rs10181656 locus could probably associate with the susceptibility of URSA via STAT4 protein expression increased by genotype G/G in maternal decidual tissue.

Background Fundus photography is a traditional method for detecting local retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects,but the evaluation of its result depends on the observer's experience.The spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) exhibit the defects of RNFL very clearly.Objective This study was to evaluate the diagnosis value and correlation between topographic profiles of localized RNFL defects determined by spectral domain and time domain OCT with fundus photography.Methods Forty-one normal eyes of 41 subjects and 55 eyes of 55 glaucomatous patients with localized,wedge-shaped RNFL defects identified by two glaucoma specialists in fundus photographs were enrolled in the clinical study.The angular location and width of RNFL defects determined on the images of fundus photography,Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were analyzed respectively using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.This study followed the Helsinki declaration and was approved by Ethic Committee of Shenzhen Eye Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual before the clinical examination.Results Seventy-five RNFL defects were identified in 55 eyes by two glaucoma specialists unanimously with the defect position at superior-temporal and inferior-temporal quadrants.The sensitivity of Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT to determining RNFL defects were 88.0% and 69.3% respectively and their specificities were 92.7% and 97.6% respectively.The angular locations of RNFL defects by Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were highly correlated with those by fundus photography(r=0.993,r=0.992,P＜0.001);while the angular widths of RNFL defects by Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were moderately correlated with those by fundus photography(r=0.420,r=0.432,P=0.019,P=0.002).No significant differences were found in the defect width of RNFL between Cirrus HD-OCT or Stratus OCT and fundus photography(Cirrus HD-OCT:P=0.114;Stratus OCT:P=0.074),and significant difference was found in that between Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT(P=0.002).Conclusion Spectral domain OCT and time domain OCT can localize RNFL defects with high sensitivity and specificity.The measure value of Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT for RNFL defects shows a good diagnostic agreement with fundus photography.

The optimum medium for Lactobacillus M7 was systematically studied with SAS system. Firstly, the prime factors affecting lactic acid yield were selected by means of Plackett-Burman design; secondly, the pnme facias were optimized by response rurface analysis. Under the optimum level determined, the yield is increased by 15%.