[Summary] The general status of glycemic control and insulin initiation are not optimistic in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.Chinese patients experience pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and reduction of early phase insulin spike earlier and more severely compared to Caucasians.These can cause more significant postprandial hyperglycaemia which is further deteriorated by traditional carbohydrate-rich Chinese diet.Therefore,premixed insulin may be a more appropriate option of insulin initiation therapy for Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Anti-Anxiety Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Midazolam ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Seizures ; drug therapy ; etiology

BACKGROUND:The traditional tissue processing procedures,which includes a variety of toxic chemical reagents,both for himself and for operating environment there is a lot of damage.OBJECTIVE:To improve the traditional tissue processing procedures,to establish economic processing of tissue sample disposal,and to eliminate damages to the handlers and environment bringing by related reagents.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The tissue sample processing study was performed at the Department of Pathology,Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University from February 1998 to February 2008.MATERIALS:All specimens were routine surgical specimens of the Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University.Acetic acid,alcohol,turpentine and paraffin(at 56-58 ℃) were obtained from Chemical Plant of Hunan Normal University,China.The automatic dehydration machine ZT-12P was purchased from Hubei Xiaogan Yaguang Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.,China.METHODS:Formaldehyde and xylene were replaced by non-toxic chemical reagents.Processing was as follows,0.7 volume fraction of ethanol and glacial acetic acid for 2 hours,0.8 volume fraction of for 1 hour,0.9 volume fraction of ethanol for 1 hour,0.95 volume fraction of ethanol Ⅰ for 2 hours,0.95 volume fraction of ethanol Ⅱ for 2 hours,dehydrated alcohol Ⅰ for 1 hour,dehydrated alcohol Ⅱ for 1 hour,turpentine oil Ⅰ for 1 hour,turpentine oil Ⅱ for 1 hour,paraffin Ⅰ for 1 hour,paraffin Ⅱ for 1 hour,and paraffin Ⅲ for 1 hour.After collecting,samples were put in automatic dehydration machine.Suitable for all kinds of human samples.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:To compare the tissue specimens processed by new program with the traditional processing.RESULTS:Specimens treated by improved environmental protection procedures can be sliced up smoothly,and dyed uniformity,which have marked contrast of red and blue.CONCLUSION:Improved environmental protection procedures can avoid handlers exposing to toxic chemical reagents,can entirely replace traditional procedures.

Current advances in imaging research,molecular biology,chemistry,and computing have enabled the recent emergence of molecular imaging. Molecular Imaging is an advanced imaging combining anatomical and metabolic information into one. Combined with the radiation planning system,molecular imaging is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and staging of malignant disease,image-guided therapy planning. Especially,molecular imaging has a significant role in the delineation of tumor target volume,optimization of radiation planning. This article introduces the clinical use of molecular imaging in radiation oncology in combination with the application of PET/CT.

Objectives; To identify the roles of Notch - 1 gene for survivaland differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) into neurons by way of RNA interference ( RNAi) technique to suppress expression of Notch - 1 gene. Methods; Firstly, construct mNotch - 1 short hairpin RNA (mNotch -IshRNA) and then to oberve configuration of MSCs transfected by mNotch - IshRNA; MTT was employed to evaluate the survival ratio of MSCs before transfection, 24 hours and 3 days after transfection, respectively; agents, such as BDNF, retinoid acid, were obtained to induce MSCs transfected by mNotch - IshRNA in vitro and expression of Nestin, NSE and NF200( neuron marker agent) and GFAP( neural glial cell marker agent) were determined by immunocytochemistry stain technique. Results: The cell cubic configuration was enforced and expression of notch - 1 gene vanished by transfection of mNotch -IshRNA. The survival ratio of MSCs by transfection decreased and there was significant differences between non - ransfection and transfection - controlling group after 24 hours and 3 days of transfection ( P

Objective:To explore the effects of the treatment by internal fixation operation through pedicle of vertebral arch for thoracolumbar vertebral fracture cases.Methods:48 cases sufering from thoracic or lumbar vertebral fracture accept the treatment by internal fixation operation through pedicle of vertebral arch and intervertebral body fusion.Total or partly resection of vertebral plate was performed while needed for decompression.The lasted 18～30 months or more.Results:All the injured vertebrae had get reposition of height and the Cobb angle get well without any serious complication.Follow-up shows that every patient has get solid fusion with good height and stability,and the Cobb angle stain well.Thirty-six of the 38 spinal injury patients have get Franke1 grade raise in different degree.There were 2 Franke1A grade spinal injury cases with no neuro-function amelioration,who both got late hospital admission.Conclusion:For thoracolumbar vertebral fracture,internal fixation operation through pedicle of vertebral arch and intervertebral body fusion provide reposition of the injured vertebra height and spinal stabilization,and the spinal nerves function will get improved,and the operation indication and opportunity must be assurance.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of distal femoral anatomical plate for the treatment of mid-inferior femoral fractures in adults. Methods:Twenty-two patients received distal femoral anatomical plates,from July 2004 to March 2007,for mid-inferior femoral fractures in our department. Their conditions of bone union and functional restoration were retrospectively analyzed. Results:All the patients were followed up for 12 ～32 months,and all the fractures obtained good union in the first stage,and no loose,bending or fragmentation of the plates were detected. Function of the elbow joints reached an excellent and good rate of 86.4%,in terms of Cassebaum rating system. Conclusion:Distal femoral anatomical plate is effective to treat middle-inferior femoral fractures.

150 cases with carcinoma of salivary gknds were analysed. The tumors of 61 cases were located in parotid, 14 in submaxillary, 5 in sublingual and 72 in minor salivary gknds. 49 cases were pathologically diagnosed as malignant mixed tumor ,25 adenocarcino- ma, 24 adenoid cystic carcinoma,22 mucoepidermoid carcinoma,22 acinic cell carcinoma, 5 squamous cell carcinoma , 2 papillary cystadenocarcinoma, 1 undif-ferentiated carcinoma. The 3,5 and 10 year survival rates of these 150 patients were 80. 7% ,69. 4%. 52. 1% respectively. The prognosis of acinic cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was much better than that of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcino-ma and undifferentiated carcinoma. According to the location of the tumors, the survival rates of the patients with the tumors in minor salivary glands and parotid glands were the highest and those in sublin-gual glands and submaxillary glands were the lowest . Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy may increase the survival rate of the patients with carcinoma of salivary glands. The overall recurrent rate was 27. 6% ,the neck lymph node metastasis rate was 9.2%.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of fastigial nucleus electrical stimulation(FNS) treating the disorders of consciousness by brain damage,and explore the possible mechanism.Methods:9 patients with the disorders of consciousness by brain damage of different pathogeneses were studied.They were treated with FNS on the basis of routine medical treatment.And Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),electroencephalogram(EEG) and the clinical effects were observed.Results:After FNS treatment,the level of conciousness was improved.GCS were increased 5.22?1.44,which showed significant difference compared to that before treatment ( P

BACKGROUND:Total knee arthroplasty needs to use the femoral prosthesis. The prosthesis wil produce a certain axial rotation on the line, and affect the biological properties of the patelofemoral joint. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of axial rotation of prosthesis on biological effect of the patelofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:Ten fresh human cadaver knees were obtained from the Specimen Room of Second Affiliated Hospital (Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Knee joint experimental platform was established to simulate the human ankle and hip joint, providing 3 degrees of freedom of tibia and 2 degrees of freedom of femur. Femoral component rotation angle was measured. Total knee arthroplasty was conducted. The sensitive pressure-sensitive film was used to measure the transepicondylar axis rotation of 2°, 2° through the femoral epicondylar axis rotation, the femoral epicondylar axis rotation of 4°, and paralel to the femoral epicondylar axis, external rotation of the femoral epicondylar axis 4°, and the patelofemoral contact pressure and patelofemoral contact area paralel with Whiteside’s line. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The peak contact pressure inside and outside the joint at different axial rotation of the femoral prosthesis paraleled with femoral epicondylar axis was in a balanced state, and significant differences were detected as compared with other rotation manners (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in patelofemoral contact area at different directions. These findings suggest that femoral prosthesis axial rotation on the line in total knee arthroplasty wil have a certain effect on biological properties of patelofemoral joint. The peak contact pressure inside and outside patelofemoral joint in the paralel state of the femoral epicondylar axis does not appear excessive low or high state on one side, but in a balanced state. It can be chosen as a reference standard of rotational alignment of the femoral prosthesis during the operation.