Background Researches have suggested that the defocus can induce the change of static visual acuity,but whether it produce influence on dynamic visual acuity is not clear.Objective This study was to investigate the impact of myopic defocus on static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity and explore the essential difierence between static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity. Methods Forty volunteers were enrolled in this trial.including 20 adults with the age of 27.4±1.64 years and 20 children with the age of 11.70+1.49 years.All the eyes of subjects received regular examined to excluded the eye disease with the best corrected vision of ≥1.0 D,astigmatism of ≤0.75 D and anisometropia ＜1.50 D.+1.00 D,+1.50 D,+2.00 D,+2.50 D slasses were ware respectively for the defocus on the foundation of full correction.Dynamic visual acuity was inspected by using selfmade DVA-I training software.and static visual acuity wag tested by static visual acuity chart (Precision Vision,CAT.NO.2125).This clinical trial complied with the Helsinki Declaration and obtained the approval of Ethic Committee of Wenzhou Medical College.Written informed consent was received from each individual prior to the protocol. Results The dynamic and static visual acuities were gradually decreased with the elevation of defocus (F=506.907,P=0.000).No significant differences were found between static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity in adult or children at various defocus(P＞0.05).The regression linear analysis showed that a positive correlation between static visual acuity with defoeus(R2=0.819,t=26.72,P=0.000) or dynamic visual acuity with defoeus(R2=0.826,t=27.42,P=0.000).The slope and intercept between defocus with static visual acuity were steeper than that between defocus and dynamic visual acuity (slope:F=34.18,P=0.000;intercept:F=1005.56,P=0.001). Conclusion The effect of defocus on static visual acuity is different from that of dynamic visual acuity.It could be speculated that dynamic visual acuity is related not only to refractive systems but also other factor.

ObjectiveTo analysis the different types of bacteria in patients with a varying severity of acute cholangitis.Methods241 patients who presented with actue cholangitis between Jan 2008 to Oct 2011 to our hospital were retrospectively studied.These patients were divided into three groups according to the Tokyo Guideline.The bile specimens were obtained intraoperatively.The parameters were compared by SPSS 16.0 package program for statistical analysis.Results75.1 percent of the patients were positive for bacteria in the bile.There were 241 strains of bacterium which included 139 Gram-positive bacteria,99 Gram-negative bacteria and 6 strains of microzyme.Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis,Enterococcus casseliflavus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella species were the most frequently isolated bacteria.The positive rates for bacteria were significantly different between patients with mild and severe cholangitis (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between patients with moderate and mild cholangits (P=0.141),or moderate and severe cholangitis (P=0.647).Gram-negative bacteria were more common than Gram- positive bacteria in patients with moderate and severe acute cholangitis (P＜0.05).In patients with moderate and severe acute cholangitis,there was more patients with multiple and mixed bacterial infection.ConclusionsEscherichia coli and Enterococcus species were more common in patients with acute cholangitis.The positive rate of bacteria in the bile in severe acute cholangitis was higher than that in mild acute cholangitis.In patients with moderate and severe cholangitis,Gram-negative bacterial infections and multiple and mixed bacterial infections were more common.

Objective To investigate the advantages of the external fixators used in the treatment of pelvic fracture. Methods From April 2002 to July 2008, 55 patients with unstable pelvic fracture were treated respectively with simple external fixators, external fixators plus traction and external fixators plus in-ternul fixation according to their different Tile classifications. Results Of this group, 51 cases were followed up for an average of 11 months, 2 cases died because of multi-injuries, and 2 cases were lost in the follow-up. All of the 51 patients obtained bony union. On average, it took 11 (6 to 14) weeks to achieve weight-bearing walking, and 12 (8 to 14) weeks to remove the external fixators for the patients. By Liu Li-ming's evaluation system, the good to excellent rate was up to 88.2%. Conclusions The pelvic fractures of Tile B1 and B2 can be treated with simple external fixators and those of Tile C with external fix-ators plus internal fixation or traction to achieve fracture reduction and stability of the pelvic ring. For the patients with multi-injuries, external fixators used in the emergency treatment can stabilize the pelvic ring, reduce blood loss and improve the success rate.

To ensure the quality and safety of Panax notoginseng, a method for the simultaneous determination of 10 mycotoxins in Panax notoginseng was developed using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The sample was extracted with acetonitrile and purified by HLB multifunction cleanup column. The separation was performed on a Phenomenex Kinetex XB-C18 column by gradient elution using methanol and 5 mmol·L(-1) ammonium acetate as mobile phase. The targeted compounds were detected in MRM mode by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) source operated in both positive and negative ionization modes. The linear relationships of the 10 mycotoxins were good in their respective linear ranges. The correlation coefficients (r) ranged from 0.9981 to 1.0000. The LOQs of the 10 mycotoxins were between 0.15 and 8.6 μg·kg(-1). The average recoveries ranged from 73.8% to 107.0% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.10%-10.9%. The results demonstrated that the proposed method was sensitive and accurate, and suitable for the mycotoxins quantification in Panax notoginseng.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drug Contamination ; Mycotoxins ; analysis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Humans ; Mineral Fibers ; toxicity ; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms ; chemically induced

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of the isothermal RNA amplification assay (SAT) for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples.Methods Sputum specimens from 230 patients with diagnosed tuberculosis and 78 cases of other respiratory diseases during September to December 2011 were detected using SAT,BD960 culture,LowenStein-Jensen( L-J ) culture and concentrated smear simultaneously.The samples with different results between SAT and BD960 culture were tested by Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR fluorescence diagnosis kits.Strains were identified by amplification and sequencing the BD960 culture-positive isolates and SAT amplification products.Positive detection rate of SAT and other three methods for patients with tuberculosis were compared by chi-square test.Results Using the results of BD960 culture as the golden standard (7 cases of pollution bacteria in BD960 culture was rejected ),the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of SAT was 90.5％ (95/105),84.2％ (165/196),75.4％ (95/126),94.3％ (165/175),respectively.The agreement rate of SAT and BD960 culture was 86.4％ (260/301).For 223 tuberculosis patients,the positive detection rate of SAT,BD960 culture,L-J culture and concentrated smear was 56.5％ ( 126/223 ),45.7％ ( 102/223 ),41.7％ ( 93/223 ) and 37.2％ ( 83/223 ) respectively.The positive detection rate of SAT is significantly higher than the other three methods (x2 =4.087,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion SAT,as a new technology for laboratory diagnosis of TB,has high specificity and sensitivity.The operation is fast and simple,and the pollution rate is low.It is a promising laboratory diagnosis method.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of let-7a2 in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods To adapt technology of realtime PCR with reference of U6, the expression of let-7a2 in tumor tissues and normal tissues was detected in 15 cases of resected lung adenocarcinoma. The laboratorial data were analysed by measure of 2~(-△△CT) method. The analysed data were managed by statistics. Results The expression of let-7a2 in lung adenocarcinoma tissue was significantly lower than that in lung normal tissue (0.8733±0.4821 vs 2.4527±1.0111). This difference possess markedness significance(t=6.816, P<0.001).Conclusion The expression of let-7a2 in lung adenocarcinoma is obviously lower and is concerned with the course of lung cancer evolution.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical significance of the expression level of cytokeratin5/6/18 positive cells in peripheral blood cells from patients with breast carcinoma.Methods:The expression rates of ck5/6/18 positive cells in peripheral blood cells from 56 patients with breast carcinoma were measured and analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:The expression rates of ck5/6/18 positive cells in peripheral blood cells from 56 patients with breast carcinoma was 46.4% and there was significant differences compared with healthy volunteers and the patients with breast benign diseases.The positive rates increased significantly with the pathological staging and show no significant relationship with the ER and PR.Conclusion:The expression of ck5/6/18 positive cells in peripheral blood cells correlates significantly with the pathological staging of breast carcinoma and it could be an effective signal to clinical monitor and prognosis.

AIM: To study the effect of environment of liver regeneration on the proliferation of rat fetal hepatocytes after intrasplenical transplantation. METHODS: Fetal hepatocytes isolated from 3-week SD rat fetuses bred were transplanted into the spleens of liver regeneration model rats with 70% partial hepatectomy. The cell cycle of the hepatocytes in the remnants liver was analyzed by flow cytometer and the density dimensions of the donor fetal hepatocytes in spleen were measured by image analysis system 7 and 30 days post-transplantation, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the proportions of S and G 2/M cells in the remnants liver were obviously decreased ( P

Objective Thymic epithelial tumors(TET) consist of thymoma and thymic carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) coinci-dence SPECT imaging in TET. Methods 18 F-FDG coincidence SPECT images of 37 TET patients ( male 16, female 21, age range 24-82 years; mean age 55 years) were retrospectively analyzed according to the simplified WHO histological classification: high survival thymoma (types A, AB and B1 ), median survival thymoma (types B2 and B3 ), and low survival thymoma (thymic carcinoma). Qualitative visual interpreta-tion was based on foci of18F-FDG uptake'higher than that of normal mediastinum. Turnour/lung radioactivity ratio (TLR) was calculated from the counts of region of interest (ROI) drawn around the mass and over a comparable area of normal lung tissue in TET patients. The distribution of18F-FDG uptake was compared with the enhanced CT findings. TLR was also correlated with the Ki67-1abeling index. Statistical comparison for TLR in different groups were performed with variance analysis. Results Thirty-four TET were positive and 3 negative ( A, A, AB) by 18 F-FDG coincidence SPECT images. The differences among the 3 sub-groups were statistically significant (F=9.99,P<0.05). The TLR of these 3 subgroups was variable: 1.42±0.27, 2.13±0.74, 3.00±1.19, respectively. A close correlation (r=0.613, P=0.002) of the TLR with the Ki67 labeling index (n= 22) was found. In addition, 18 F-FDG coincidence SPECT detected two metastases ( anterior chest wall and right supraclavicular fossa lymph node) that were not identified on enhanced CT. Conclusions 18 F-FDG coincidence SPECT is useful in differentiating subgroups of thymic epithelial tumors and in identifying more invasive thymic lesions.18 F-FDG may be a novel tracer that ena-bles in vivo evaluation of cellular proliferation in human TET.