Objective To investigate the association of HLA DRB1 alleles with gastric carcinoma and H. pylori infection. Methods HLA DRB1 alleles polymorphism in 63 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 136 normal controls were tested with the polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific primer(PCR/SSP) technique. The status of H. pylori infection was determined by histology of gastric biopsy specimens and /or by ELISA. Results Both HLA DRB1 0901 and HLA DRB1 12 were positively associated, and HLA DRB1 15 was negatively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, but no significant associations were found between patients with and without above HLA DRB1 alleles with regard to patients' age at presentation, sex ratio, tumor site (distal vs proximal), TNM staging, histological grading of tumor or status of H. pylori infection. Conclusions Our results suggest that HLA DRB1 0901, DRB1 12 and DRB1 15 are associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, but are not associated with the clinical features of gastric adenocarcinoma and the status of H. pylori infection.

Objective To investigate the effects of type 2 diabetes on learning and memory of APP/PS1/Tau triple transgenic (3 × Tg) mice of Alzheimer’s disease, and the protective mechanism of liraglutide (LIR) thereof. Methods One month old C57BL/6 mice were set to be control group (WT). One month old 3×Tg mice were divided into control group (Tg), liraglutide group (Tg+LIR), type 2 diabetes group (Tg+T2DM) and liraglutide treatment group (Tg+T2DM+LIR). The model of T2DM was established by feeding the high fat and sugar fodder, and then injecting streptozotocin (STZ) in mice, making sure the fasting blood glucose was more than 7 mmol/L. Then the subcutaneous injection of LIR was administered for 2 months. The values of body weight and fasting blood glucose were detected at age of 5-month. Morris water maze was applied to evaluate the spatial learning and memory ability. Western blotting assay was used to measure the levels of phosphorylated Tau, neurofilament (NFs) and insulin receptor substrates. ELISA was used to detect the human Aβ42 to evaluate the effect of LIR on-amyloid. Results LIR can reduce body weight and blood glucose, can alleviate spatial learning and memory damaging caused by T2DM, and also can improve phosphorylated Tau levels, NFs and insulin receptor substrates caused by T2DM, and finally can reduce the deposition ofβ-amyloid of 3 × Tg mice. Conclusion T2DM can aggravate symptoms of AD in 3×Tg mice, and LIR has a protective effect on it.

To compare the difference of total phenol of magnolia solid dispersion prepared by different methods. Hot melt extrusion, solvent evaporation method, and fusion-cooling method were used to prepare total phenol of Magnolia accessory solid dispersion, Plastone S-630 and HPC. The drug dispersion state in the prepared solid dispersion was evaluated with DSC and X-ray diffraction; FT-IR method was used to analyze the possible connections between drug and accessories. Finally, accelerated stability-in vivo dissolution test was use to compare the stability differences between these three processes. The results of DSC and X-ray diffraction showed that all of the drug in solid dispersion processed by three processes can exist in amorphous form; FT-IR results also could not distinguish the difference between the three processes; accelerated stability-in vivo dissolution test showed the stability of solid dispersion prepared by HPC was better than Plastone S-630, and the same kinds of materials solid dispersion prepared by hot melt extrusion showed a better stability than the other two processes.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Phenol ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; X-Ray Diffraction

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis,treatment,prognosis and causative agent of a case of eumycetoma on the submaxilla.Methods A case of eumycetoma diagnosed in our department was assessed for its clinical and pathological features as well as mycologic and molecular identification.Related literature was reviewed.Results The patient was primarily characterized by swelling of the submaxilla,with multiple sinuses draining many black granules.Pathologic examination revealed a pyogenic granulomatous inflammation,and a number of lotus rhizome node-like hypha were observed in tissue samples through PAS staining.Sequence analysis of multiple loci of the isolates,including ITS 1,ITS2 and D1/D2,showed that it was mostly similar to Madurella mycetomatis with a homology of 97%.Conclusion This is a case ofeumycetoma on the submaxilla induced by a novel species of Madurella.

BACKGROUND: In vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells into hepatocytes has been successfully reported to a certain degree; however, whether embryonic stem cells are able to effectively enter hepatic plate of host after intrahepatic transplantation, whether embryonic stem cells can further differentiate into hepatocytes and express hepatocyte function, and risk factors for neoplastic formation are still unclear at present. OBJECTIVE: To study the intrahepatic transplantation of embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells in therapeutic liver repopulation models, and to investigate the liver tissue replacement, growth and differentiation in vivo, and neoplastic formation.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Hospital affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University. MATERIALS: Twenty-four BALB/c mice, 6-8 weeks old, weighing 20-35 g, irrespective of gender, were provided by Guangzhou Experimental Animal Center. Embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells were differentiated from embryonic stem cells. E14 was provided by Stem cell Center of our hospital. METHODS: This study was performed at the Stem Cell Center, the Second Hospital affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from July 2006 to June 2007. Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into a liver repopulation model + stem cell transplantation group (group A) and a liver resection + stem cell transplantation group (group B), with 12 mice in each group. Mice in the group A were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg retrorsine once every two weeks for totally twice. Four weeks after the second injection, about 70% liver was resected. And then, the embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells, labeled by 1×105 carboxy fluoresce in diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE), were transplanted into mouse liver through portal vein. On the other hand, 70% liver of mice in the group B was resected and embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells were transplanted into mouse liver. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distribution, incorporation, and proliferation of transplanted cells were observed under fluorescent microscopy. Two weeks later, hepatic function was stained with albumin fluorescence immunoassay (double fluorescence staining) and assayed by level of serum albumin. Embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells were poured into liver of remedial liver regeneration mice, and undifferentiated embryonic stem cells were transplanted into subcutaneous tissue in axillary region as the controls to observe neoplastic formation in embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells. RESULTS: ① Growth of hepatic stem cells in recipient mice: One week after transplantation of CFDA-SE-labeled embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells, some scattered region was green under fluorescent microscopy. The area of green region increased apparently in 2 weeks, and cord-like structure could be observed. ② Liver function: Immunofluorescent staining of albumin (double fluorescence staining) demonstrated that labeled cells expressed positive albumin (yellow fluorescence) in liver tissue of recipient mice, but there was not significant difference in serum albumin level between group A and group B (P > 0.05). ③ Reliability of hepatic stem cell transplantation: Teratoma did not form over 6 months; however, transplantation of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells in the axillary region could cause formation of teratoma after 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: The transplantation of embryonic stem cells-derived hepatic stem cells in therapeutic liver repopulation model mice can effectively and further grow and differentiate, or even partially express hepatocyte function; in particular, the transplantation is safe.

Objective To investigate in vitro porcine myocardial shear modulus using real-time shear wave elastography.Methods Shear wave elastography was used on four in vitro porcine hearts.The probe was placed parallel to the long or short-axis of the heart on the anterior wall of the left ventricle,and myocardial shear modulus were measured in subepicardial,middle,subendocardial layers,respectively.Results Shear modulus of subepicardial,middle,subendocardial myocardium were (46.04 ± 17.07)kPa,(87.70 ± 29.67) kPa,( 115.73 ± 30.04) kPa,respectively,when the probe was placed parallel to the long-axis of the heart; whereas those were (78.71 ± 26.48) kPa,(77.08 ± 34.00)kPa,(70.69 ± 41.38) kPa,respectively,when the probe was placed parallel to the short-axis of the heart.Conclusions By using realtime shear wave elastography,the shear modulus values measured in subepicardial,middle,subendocardial myocardium of the left ventricle are different,even myocardium in the same location appears different shear modulus values when the probe orientation are different.

Objective To investigate the value of emergency bedside focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) in combination with regional organ focused ultrasonography in patients with closed abdominal trauma.Methods Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with closed abdominal trauma underwent bedside ultrasonography in the Emergency Department at General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command.In patients with unstable hemodynamics or severe craniocerebral injury,ultrasonography was ended immediately after FAST screening.In patients with stable vital signs,the focused regional organ injury after FAST screening was determined based on the mechanism of trauma,action location and direction of external force,abdominal symptoms,and signs.The results of operation and CT scanning were considered as golden criteria and used to compare with those of ultrasonography.Results (1) The diagnostic sensitivity of FAST to abdominal organ rupture and ascites due to abdominal organ rupture calling for emergency operation was 79.3％ and 100％,respectively.The total specificity of FAST was 98.2％,positive predictive value 93.9％,and negative predictive value 86.7％.(2) The diagnostic accordance rate of single visceral injury examined by regional organ focused ultrasonography was 91.2％ and that of multiple visceral injury was 63.6％.The missed diagnoses were predominantly contusion and microlaceration.Conclusions FAST can quickly screen out the patients with unstable hemodynamics due to abdominal organ rupture calling for emergency management.Regional organ focused ultrasonography can increase the rate of correct diagnosis of visceral injury and decrease the rate of missed diagnosis.

Objective Deleting the cysteine-rich region (22-37 amino acids)of HIV-1 HXB2 Tat protein(whole length is 101 amino acids) to improve its stability and expression level in E.coli and to analyze the immunogenicity of Tat protein without the cystein-rich region [Tat(△C)protein]. Methods Tat DNA deleted the cysteine-rich region (64-111 nucleotides), named as Tat(△C)DNA, was obtained in vitro by PCR and cloned into pET-32a vector. pET-32a-Tat(△C)plasmid and the pET-32a-Tat plasmid were established and transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) strains respectively to express and purify the protein. Three rabbits were vaccinated with pET-32a-Tat(△C)protein, then testify the reactivity of sera from rabbits by ELISA and Western blot. Results The dense of the purified pET-32a-Tat(△C)protein was 7.12 mg/ml,which was greatly more than pET-32a-Tat protein(1.50 mg/ml). Dimer of pET-32a-Tat protein can be observed just after the protein purification and stored at 25℃ and 4℃ for 7 days, but dimer of pET-32a-Tat(△C)protein was not formed at the same condition. Experimental rabbits were immunized with pET-32a-Tat(△C)protein and produced high titre of anti-pET-32a-Tat(△C)serum(1∶320 000), the antibody can react specifically with Tat(△C)protein, Tat protein (1-101 AA)and synthetic Tat(1-86 AA) protein. Deletion mutation of the cysteine-rich region of Tat protein was first performed in the study. Conclusion The expression level in E.coli and the stability of Tat protein deleted the cysteine-rich region can be increased greatly, and the protein remains good immunogenicity. The results may provide a novel antigen for further development of HIV-1 Tat vaccine.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Huikangling Tablet (HT, extracted from Scabrous Patrinia root) on peripheral blood micrometastasis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients.

METHODSTotally 87 DTC patients with positive micrometastasis were randomly assigned to the treatment group (45 cases) and the control group (42 cases). DTC endocrine inhibition treatment standards were executed in all patients. They all took levothyroxine sodium (50 microg/tablet, from low dose, 25 microg each time, once per day, 0.5 h before breakfast), and its dosage was gradually added one week later. The dosage was adjusted according to tested results of TSH combined recurrence risk stratification and endocrine suppression induced adverse reactions risk stratification. Patients in the treatment group took HT (0.4 g per tablet, 3 tablets each time, three times per day for a total of 12 weeks) combined TSH suppression therapy, while those in the control group only received TSH suppression therapy. Peripheral micrometastatic cytokeratin 19 (CK19) and polymorphic epithelial mucin1 (MUC1) were detected by FCM at week 4 and 12. Meanwhile, distant metastasis and adverse reactions were observed.

RESULTSAfter 4-week treatment positive micrometastasis was shown in 18 cases (40%) of the treatment group and 29 cases (69%) in the control group with statistical difference (chi2 = 5.68, P < 0.05). After 12-week treatment positive micrometastasis was shown in 7 cases (15.6%) of the treatment group and 17 cases (44.7%) in the control group with statistical difference (chi2 = 8.49, P < 0.01). Pulmonary metastasis occurred in 2 cases and bone metastasis in 1 case of the control group at follow-ups. Cervical lymph node metastasis without accompanied recurrence of thyroid cancer occurred in one case of the treatment group. No obvious liver or renal abnormalities occurred.

CONCLUSIONHT inhibited peripheral blood micrometastasis of DTC patients and its mechanism needed to be further studied.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Tablets ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Objective:To understand and analyze the levels of individual dose to medical radiation workers from occupational external exposure in Inner Mongolia autonomous region from 2015 to 2019, with a view to provide basic scientific data for workers′ health protection and radiation protection management.Methods:By using National Individual Dose Registry, the individual dose monitoring result and other related data for medical workers were collected and analyzed.Results:The average annual individual doses to medical radiation workers in a time order from 2015 to 2019 were 0.72, 0.87, 0.88, 0.71 and 0.64 mSv, respectively. There were significant differences in the annual effective dose distribution in diagnostic radiology, dental radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, interventional radiology and other applications ( H=466.56, P<0.05). The average annual effective doses to workers in interventional radiology and nuclear medicine had not shown significant difference ( P>0.05), but significantly higher than those in other occupational categories ( Z=19.95, 9.87, 10.10, 12.76, P<0.05). Conclusions:The average annual effective dose to medical radiation workers is in accordance with the relevant national standards. The dose values for the radiation workers involved in interventional radiology and nuclear medicine are relatively high, especially for interventional radiology workers and radioactive drug operators. The protection measures should be further improved in radiation protection workplace.