Escherichia coli ; classification ; Escherichia coli Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Germany ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics

Objective To explore the influence of injury severity on transplantation of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) after traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods The NSCs were isolated from the hippocampus of fetal rats aged at from 12-14 days.The cells were cultured and proliferated in the serum-free medium and identified in vitro.The animals received transplants in the bilateral hippocampal areas at day 3 following mild or moderate TBI separately.Conventional histology,TUNEL and immunohistology were examined to detect BrdU,NSE,GFAP,GalC,NGF and BDNF at day 14 post-implantation.Results BrdU-labeled positive cells in the bilateral hippocampus in the mild TBI group were more than those in the moderate TBI group at day 14 post-implantation.Significant differentiation of the astrocytes recognized as GFAP positive cells in the bilateral hippocampus was found at day 14 post-implantation.The expression of NGF and BDNF proteins was increased following TBI,the most evident in the mild TBI group.Conclusion The influence of injury severity on transplantation may be associated with the change of the microenvironment after TBI.

Objective To investigate the effect of complementary dynamic scalp acupuncture on motor function in stroke. Methods 36 stroke patients were randomly allocated to control group (n=19) and treatment group (n=17). The control group received traditional scalp acupuncture and rehabilitation training, while the treatment group received scalp acupuncture and rehabilitation training in the same time,for one month. Their motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment, respectively. Results The scores of FMA, WMFT and MBI increased significantly in both groups after treatment (P<0.01). The difference of scores of FMA of the lower extremities and MBI was statistically significant between the two groups after treatment (P<0.05), while the difference of scores of FMA of the upper extremities and WMFT was not (P>0.05). Conclusion Complementary dynamic scalp acupuncture is more effective on lower limbs motor function and activities of daily living in stroke patients.

Objective To summarize the first 16 eases in mainland China and to discuss the cli-nical experience of robot-assisted laparoseopie radical prostateetomy(RLRP). Methods Sixteen pa-tients with localized prostate carcinoma underwent RLRP with da Vinci S surgical system (Intuitive Surgical Inc.). The age of the patients was 62-76 years, average 69 years. The preoperative t-PSA level was 0.2-79. 2. Ng/ml. The volume of prostate was 9.8-232.9 ml. Fifteen patients were with biopsy-proven prostate cancer, the average Gleason score was 7(4-9). Three were T2a. N0 M0, 4 were T2b N0 M0 and 8 were T2c N0/M0 by clinical stage. One was prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm-Ⅲ. The level of t-PSA in serum and the result of urinary continence were followed up after RLRP. Results All the operations were accomplished successfully. The mean preoperative set-up time of the da Vinci surgical system was 64(60--90)min;the mean operation time was 236(190--390)rain;the mean esti-mated blood loss was 231(50-500)m.L The patients were ambulant between the 2nd and 3rd postop-erative days. Foley catheter was sueeeasfully removed on day 10 to 14, and mean hospital stay was 13 (6-19) days. Two eases had positive surgical margins, the pathological stages were both pT3b N0 M0. The average serum t-PSA was less than 0. 1 ng/ml during a median follow-up of 9(6-12) months. By the conventional definition of urinary continence (0 to 1 pads daily), 94%(15/16) and 100% (16/16)of patients were continent at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Of the patients, 75% (12/16)and 88% (14/16)had no urinary leakage(0 pads daily). Conclusions RLRP is small incision and safe. It is the direction of minimally invasive urologic surgery.

Objective Toinvestigate the role of dynamic dispersion of electrical recovery in ventricular fibrillation maintenance mechanism.Method Thirty-seren male Yorkshire pigs weighing (23?2.5) kg at 3 months age were randomly divided into Sham-operated group and myocardial infarction group in which the first branch of left anterior descending coronary artery of animals was hgated.After 4 weeks,according to VF occurrence by programmed electrical simulation,the myocardial infarction hearts were divided into two groups, twelve hearts in VF (+) group or six hearts in VF (-) group;and the normal hearts were divided into two groups,five hearts in VF (+) group or ten hearts in VF (-) group.Action potential duration (APD) of subendocardial,subepicardial and mid-layer myocardium of left ventricular anterior wall were recorded simultaneously.The relationship between APD and diastolic interval was quantified as an electrical restitution curve.A Student's-test was used to specify differences between groups.Results At the fourth week after coronary artery ligation,eighteen myocardial infarction hearts and fifteen normal hearts were investigated.When investigating transmural dispersion of reporlarization (TDR) of left ventricle,there was no difference between VF (+) group and VF (-) group [ (20.43?7.01) ms vs (22.32?7.53) ms,P=0.45],although there was statistically significant between normal hearts and myocardial infarction hearts [ (15.66?4.45) ms vs (25.72?6.70) ms,P =0.001].The percentage of APD restitution slope exceed 1 and APD restitution slope maximum were high in the VF (+) group with myocardial infarction hearts and in the VF (+) group with normal hearts, lower in the the VF (-) with normal hearts and lowest in the the VF (-) group with myocardial infarction hearts.Conclusion Dynamic APD restitution properties may play an important role in the ventricular fibrillation maintenance mechanism.The APD restitution slope and not static TDR have prognostic value regarding ventricular fibrillation events.The hearts with the steepest of APD restitution curves has the greatest liability of ventricular fibrillation to happen.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in early in vivo monitoring of tumor response to cisplatin,and analyze the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake in tumor and the corresponding pathological changes.Methods Thirty VX2 rabbits were divided into 5 groups by random number table with 6 in each group,including 4 treatment groups and 1 control group.18F-FDG PET/CT were performed before and after (6,12,24 and 36 h post-injection respectively) intravenous administration of cisplatin (7 mg/kg) in the treatment groups,respectively.The control group was injected with physiological saline followed by 18F-FDG PET/CT.The ROI was drawn and the SUVmax and T/NT ratio were calculated.The tumor necrosis rate and apoptosis index were observed by histopathologic examination.Paired t test,GamesHowell test and arcuation correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results Significant differences were found in SUVmax and T/NT of the control group before and after injection of physiological saline (6.58±1.67 vs 9.77±2.45,52.93±3.90 vs 29.34±3.31;t=-5.480,17.593,both P＜0.05).18F-FDG uptake decreased after 6 h post-injection of cisplatin,with the mean SUVmax decrease rate of (11.83±8.89) ％ and the mean T/NT decrease rate of (59.00±8.22)％.In the 24 h treatment group,18F-FDG uptake decreased most,and the mean SUVmax decrease rate was (42.33±33.80)％,the mean T/NT decrease rate was (83.50± 7.69) ％.The SUVmax and T/NT of those 2 groups were significantly different from those of the control group,and no difference was found between the 2 treatment groups(all P＜0.05).The changes of SUVmax and T/NT were positively correlated with apoptosis index and tumor necrosis rate (r=0.750,0.794,0.804,0.874,all P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT is a sensitive method for monitoring early response to tumor chemotherapy in VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits at 24 h after treatment.

To compare and analyze the clinical treatment effect of primary pterygium with amniotic membrane transplantation, autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 232 patients who were underwent primary pterygium surgery was performed. Eighty-two cases were treated with amniotic membrane transplantation, 90 with autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation, and 60 with intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C. The postoperative recurrence and complications of three operative methods were compared.RESULTS: The recurrence rate of autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C was lower than that of amniotic membrane transplantation ( P < 0. 05 ). The recurrence rate between autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C had no difference ( P > 0. 05 ). Corneal epithelium defect, tears and photophobia were higher in 0.2g/L mitomycin C group (P<0. 05), which were no statistical difference between autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation (P>0. 05). Conjunctival congestion and subconjunctival hemorrhage in three groups had no statistical difference (P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Compared with other two operative methods, autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation for primary pterygium has the advantages of lower recurrence rate and less complications.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)level and the 131Ⅰahsorbante of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa,to search for simpler and safer methods for differentiating thyroid nodule.Methods Detecting the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule by radioisotope scanning.then the patients were divided into warm and cold nodule groups,and the normal control group was also set up;the levels of IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH were detected in serum of patients with struma nadosa by radio immunoassay,then the correlation between these data and the 131Ⅰabsorbance of thyroid nodule was analyzed.Results In the patients with warnl nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4 and the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule[(315.86±22.74)μg/L,(9.95±5.62),(67.27±27.31)ng/L,0.64±0.17]were increased obviously when compared with the control group [(256.13±39.85)μg/L,(2.80±1.30),(13.51±5.50)ng/L,0.35±0.15],but the sTSH[(0.35±0.03)mU/L]went down significantly than the control group[(2.71±1.17)mU/L],the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.01).In the patients with cold nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH[(263.17±30.23)μg/L,(2.89±0.98),(14.23±2.84)ng/L,(2.81±0.42)mU/L] had no significant difference compared with the control group(P＞0.05).The level of serum IGF-1 was positively correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule(r＝0.835,P＜0.01),but negtively correlated with sTSH(r＝-0.326,P＜0.05)in the patients with warm nodule.Conclusion The level of sernm IGF-1 is closely correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa.

Background Porcine fibrin sealant kit has been widely used in surgery for clotting and woundssealing.It is thought to be a substitution for inert gas and silicone oil in vitrectomy.But whether it produce toxic effect on retina or not after intravitreal injection is still studying.Objective This study aimed to investigate the retinal toxicity of porcine fibrin sealant kit following intraocular application.Methods Vitrectomy was performed on bilateral eyes of 15 pigmented rabbits.Porcine fibrin sealant kit of 0.5 ml was intravitreally injected in the lateral eyes of the rabbits as the experimental group,and equal volume of BSS was used at the same way in contralateral eye as control group.The inflammatory response of eye was observed under the slit lamp and ophthalmoscopy in 1 day,3,7,15,30 days after injection.Schi(o)tz tonometer was used to measure intraocular pressure(IOP) in 1 day,3,7 days,and retinal function was evaluated by electroretinogram (ERG) before operation and 30 days after operation.B-ultrasonic examination was carried out 30 days after surgery.Animals were sacrificed and eyeballs were obtained for retinal histopathological and ultrastructural examination in 30 days after operation.Results Complications appeared in 7 eyes of the experimental group,including cataract in 3 eyes,proliferation vitreoretinopathy and retinal detachment in 5 eyes,endophthalmitis in 1 eye,however,the cataract in 2 eyes and retina injury in 2 eyes were found in 15 control eyes.On the 30 days after injection,no inflammation was found in the 8 eyes without complication in the experimental group and 11 eyes in the control group.The IOP change was insignificant in different groups and various time points (Fgroup =0.008,P =0.929 ;Ftime =3.600 P =0.075).No significant difference was found in a-wave amplitude between groups and various time points(Fgroup =0.728,P =0.405 ; Ftime =0.516,P =0.482),and so was the b-wave amplitude (Fgroup =0.222,P =0.644 ; Ftime =0.057,P =0.814).On the 30th day after operation,arrangement of the retina was regular and no tissue edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were seen in both groups under the light microscope.Transmission electron microscope revealed that the ultrastructures of retinal cells,photoreceptor and retinal pigment cell were normal with the clear subcellular organelle,intact cellular membrane structure and mitochondria in both groups.Conclusions Domestic porcine fibrin sealant kit does not produce toxic effect on retina after intravitreal injection in rabbit.

Objective To lay the foundation for further exploration on parasitifer's defence reaction to pneumolysin through constructing ply gene-deletion strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae and researching on its virulence change. Methods A linker fragment with erm gene in middle and homologous upstream and downstream fragment of ply gene at both sides was prepared by long flanking homology-polymerase chain reaction(LFH-PCR). The linker fragment was transformed into Streptococcus pneumoniae. ply-deficient strain was then screened out from blood plate which contains erythromycin and identified by PCR. ply-deficient strain growth in vitro was observed and virulence change was observed through infecting mouse model. Results PCR results showed that ply gene was replaced completely by erm gene. The ply deficient strain was successfully constructed. The growth of single strain culture medium showed that ply genetic defect made no influence on bacterial's external growth. While in the mice nasal cavity infecting experiment, deficient strain enter into blood after 6 h from infecting which obviously slower than that did wild-type(2 h). And the number of bacteria at each point was much smaller than that of wild-type(P ＜0. 01 ). The mice peritonaeum infecting experiment showed that median lethal time of wild-type was 3 d, while that of deficient strain was 18 d(P＜0. 01). Conclusion It is a good way to completely substitute ply gene using LFH-PCR. ply deletion made no influence on baterial's growth in vitro, but it resulting in reduction of bacterial virulence in vivo.