Acrylamide ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Workplace

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of dynamic changes of CD4~+ CD25~+ regulatory T cells(Treg)in patients subject to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplanta- tion(alIo-HSCT).Methods Forty-five patients received allo-HSCT.The graft-vesus-host disease (GVHD)was prevented by cyclosporine A and short-term MTX regimen in 31 patients.Fourteen of all the patients received Zenapox(CD25MAb)at the day of transplantation and day 4 after transplan- tation.The levels of Treg in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry from 45 patients at 2nd,4th,8th and 12th week after allo-HSCT and the time of aGVHD development,respectively.Re- suits Anti-CD25 could suppress the peripheral blood levels of Treg significantly.The Treg levels were significantly higher in patients with grade 0-1 aGVHD than those with 2-4 aGVHD at 8th and 12th week after transplantation.Among patients with 2-4 aGVHD,Treg levels were significantly low- er after development of aGVHD than before.Conclusions Treg are important for the aGVHD preven- tion and can be a useful clinical surveillant index for the development of aGVHD.It can significantly decrease the levels of Treg in the peripheral blood with anti-CD25.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Child ; Exercise ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) by ethanol on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the kidney of diabetic rats.

METHODSEightheen healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6): normal control group, diabetes group and ethanol + diabetes group. After 8 weeks, 24 h urine samples from rats were collected to detect urinary protein content. The kidney was isolated and the ratio of kidney weight/body weight (index of kidney weight) was detected. The levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were measured. Morphological changes of renal tissue were observed by optical microscope. The protein expressions of ALDH2 and JNK in renal tissue were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control rats, the levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and the index of kidney weight were increased markedly in diabetic rats. The expression of ALDH2 protein was decreased, while p-JNK, JNK protein expressions and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were increased. The morphological observation was shown that the amount of glomerular mesangial matrix were increased, basement membrane were thickened and capillary lumen were narrowed. However,in ethanol + diabetes group, renal function was improved and the damage of renal structure was attenuated. The expression of ALDH2 protein was increased, while p-JNK, JNK and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were decreased.

CONCLUSIONEnhanced ALDH2 expression can protect kidney in diabetic rats, which may be relevant with inhibitting the activity of JNK pathway.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; physiology ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; enzymology ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Kidney ; enzymology ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; adverse effects ; Animals ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Interior Design and Furnishings ; Male ; Mice ; Mutagenicity Tests

AIM: To observe the effect of combined goniosynechialysis in treating absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy.
METHODS:Phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis was performed on 16 patients ( 16 eyes ) with absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy, and they were followed up for 6 ~12mo, The postoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and anterior chamber depth, preoperative and postoperative medication types (quantity), preoperative and postoperative 1 month's status of anxiety and depression, symptoms of ocular surface were observed. RESULTS: The IOP decreased significantly after phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis. The mean IOP was 35. 00±15. 43mmHg preoperatively, and it was 12. 00±6. 69mmHg, 15. 00±4. 26mmHg and 15. 3±5.2mmHg on 1d, 6 and 12mo after the surgery. The statistic difference was found between preoperative and postoperative (t=6. 22, P<0. 05). The anterior chamber depth was 1. 45 ± 0. 19mm before the surgery, and increased to 3. 37±0. 13mm after the surgery (t=6. 65, P<0. 05). After the surgery, 2 patients needed two kinds of drugs, 2 patients needed one kind of drug. After 12mo of follow-up, anxiety and depression status were improved in all 16 patients. Subjective discomfort symptoms of 16 patients such as eye bilges, eye pain were relieved. All of the patients' eyeballs were preserved, and no serious complications.
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis in treating absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy is a safe and effective surgical option.

Norovirus ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Open Reading Frames ; Virus Replication

Objective To investigate the role of Xuebijing injection in inhibiting perioperative inflammatory responses and protecting the function of multiple organs.Methods A single-blind,randomized,parallel controlled trial was conducted.60 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,aged 18 to 80 years,ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ,undergoing elective abdominal surgery,were enrolled.The patients were randomly divided into the control group (n =30) and the treatment group (n =30).In the control group,after induction of anesthesia,a continuous infusion of 0.9％ normal saline (NS) 200 mL was given in a speed of 2 mL/min,while a continuous infusion of Xuebijing 2 mL/kg in 100 mL of 0.9％ NS was given at 2 mL/min in the treatment group after induction of anesthesia.The blood sample was drawn,and body temperature,routine blood test,C-reactive protein (CRP),liver and kidney function,fasting glucose (Glu),and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),high mobility group protein B 1 (HMGB 1) levels were determined in all the patients before anesthesia (T1),at the end of operation (T2),12 hours after operation (T3),or at 5:00 am on the third day after operation (T4).At the same time the adverse reactions were recorded for evaluation of the safety of Xuebijing.Results After using Xuebijing injection,T3 body temperature and the T3-T1 temperature difference in treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(℃℃:36.70 ± 0.37 vs.37.38 ± 0.47,t＝6.199,P＝0.000; 0.07 ± 0.50 vs.0.85 ±0.58,t＝5.598,P＝0.000).Postoperative white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage,and CRP were significantly higher than those before the operation,but the differences between two groups were not statistically significant.Compared with the control group,alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TBil) levels at T3 of treatment group were significantly reduced [ALT (U/L):17.56 ± 9.80 vs.88.60 ± 179.76,AST(U/L):27.53 ± 13.12 vs.84.16 ± 151.14,TBil(μ,mol/L):15.46 ± 9.79 vs.25.63 ± 25.33,all P＜0.05].Difference of conjugated bilirubin (CB),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr),Glu were not statistically significant between two groups.IL-6 showed an increasing trend after the operation in both groups,and IL-6 level (ng/L) at T2 of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group (41.42 ± 59.74 vs.124.84 ± 119.66,t=3.405,P=0.001).The HMGB 1 level of two groups at T4 were lower than those at T1,but it decreased significantly only in treatment group (μg/L:22.03 ± 15.73 vs.45.09 ± 33.79,P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between two groups.No serious adverse events occurred during the clinical trial.Conclusions Application of Xuebijing injection during anesthesia can significantly diminish postoperative inflammatory injury,which plays an important role in the protection of liver function,helps restore organ function and improve prognosis,and it is safe and effective.

Background Inherited retinal degeneration,one of the major causes of blindness worldwide,comprises a large number of disorders characterized by a slow and progressive retinal degeneration.Interleukin-1 (IL-1)was recognized to be involved in inherited retinal degeneration.Whether IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) can arrest retinal degeneration is worthy of investigation.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of IL-1ra on photoreceptor apoptosis in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats.Methods The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.The SPF RCS rats aged 9,15,16,25,30,35,40,50 and 60 postnatal days were collected,with 9 rats for each age group.Retinal sections were used for the TdT-mediated biotin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) cell apoptosis assay.1 μl of IL-1ra (1.8 g/L) was intravitreally injected in the right eyes of 9 RCS rats aged 15 postnatal days and PBS was used in the same way in the fellow eyes.The injection procedure was repeated on the 20 th and 25 th day,respectively.The rats were sacrificed on the 30 th day and retinal sections were prepared for the TUNEL assay.The differences in the percentage of the positive cellular nuclei area among different ages of rats were compared by one-way ANOVA,and the differences in retinal layer thickness between IL-1ra injection group and PBS injection group were assessed by paired t test.Results Photoreceptor apoptosis appeared in 20-day-old RCS rats and progressed and peaked in 30 and 35-day-old rats and then reduced,showing a significant difference among rat of various age groups (F=28.020,P＜0.01).Images from TUNEL assay showed a weaker and less TUNEL staining in the IL-1ra injected eyes than the PBS injected eyes in 30-day-old rats.The total area and relative area of TUNEL positive nuclei were (223.052±153.092) μm2 and (2.206±1.531) ％ in the IL-1ra injected group,and those in PBS injected group were (1235.050±359.767) μm2 and (7.269± 1.624) ％,with a significant difference between them (t =4.370,t=3.250,P＜0.01).The cone and rod thickness was (15.324±9.035) μm in the IL-1ra injected group and (49.566±4.605)μm in the PBS injected group,showing a significant difference (t =22.674,P＜0.01).However,no significant difference was seen in the outer nuclear layer thickness between the two groups (t =0.268,P＞0.05).Conclusions IL-1 participates in the pathogenesis and development of inherited retinal degeneration of RCS rats.The use of IL-1ra might be a potential approach in the treatment of inherited retinal degeneration.

Psychrotrophs were isolated by using four media from low-temperature sewage of sewage treatment plant in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Totally, 154 strains were obtained including 12 filamentous fungi, 46 yeasts, 6 actinomycetes and 90 bacteria. The results of tolerance tests of the isolates to salt, phenol and SDS, and enzyme producing characters of amylase, proteinase and esterase were shown. Then 60 bacterial strains were chosen for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. The blasting results showed that the strains were assigned to 13 recognized genera , and the Strain 39 exhibited 96.6% similarity to Acinetobacter lwoffii(DSM2403), indicating that it might be a novel species. These results suggested that there were a lot of psychrotrophs and rich bacterial diversity in low-temperature sewage. In addition, which maybe an important and potential library of microbial resources.