BACKGROUND: To enhance peripheral nerve regeneration, the focus on the development of nerve conduits has been shifted from conventional conduits without internal structure to novel conduits with internal stuucture.Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the internal structure of nerve conduits is necessary.OBJECTIVE: To review the application of tissue-engineered nerve conduits with internal structure in nerve regeneration.METHODS: A computer-based research of CNKI, WanFang, SinoMed and PubMed databases was performed to retrieve relevant literatures about the tissue-engineered nerve conduits with internal structure published from January 2009 to December 2015, using the keywords of nerve conduit/conduits/scaffolds/scaffold/channel/channels, internal scaffolds/scaffold, nerve regeneration/repair, hydrogel, acellularized/decellularized nerve in Chinese and English,respectively. Forty-seven eligible literatures were included for overview.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The novel nerve conduits with internal structure have many advantages over conventional conduits without internal structure, which can support, guide, promote peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery, especially, when modified with seed cells, neurotrophic factors or extracellular matrix, can achieve more effective results comparable to autologous nerve grafts.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of jujube pretreatment on serum levels of AST and ALT, liver pathology, and the expression of cytochrome P4502e1 (CYP2E1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the liver tissue of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mice.

METHODSTotally 88 Kunming mice were randomly divided into the control group (n = 28), the model group (n = 32), and the jujube treatment group (n = 28). The animal model was prepared using intragastric alcoholism for mice in the model group and the jujube treatment group, while distilled water was intragastrically given to those in the control group. Extraction of jujube was intragastrically given to mice in the jujube treatment group at week 4, while equal volume of distilled water was intragastrically given to mice in the rest two groups. The therapeutic course lasted for 12 weeks. Serum levels of AST and ALT, liver pathology, and the expression of CYP2E1 and TNF-alpha in the liver tissue of ALD mice were observed after administration of jujube.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, serum levels of AST and ALT decreased, the liver pathology was improved, and the expression of CYP2E1 and TNF-alpha in the liver tissue decreased, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONJujube had certain effect in treating ALD.

Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

Animals ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plethysmography ; methods ; Tidal Volume ; physiology

Objective To examine the short-and middle-term efficacy and refracture rate in patients with thoracolumbar fracture having percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and determine their correlation with the severity of osteoporosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 247 patients with thoracolumbar fracture undergone PKP from January 2008 to February 2014.Mean age of the patients (94 males and 153 females) was 63.2 years (range,50-81 years).Ground-level falls occurred in 119 patients,traffic injuries in 72 patients and high falls in 56 patients.The patients were assigned to osteopenia group and osteoporosis group based on the preoperative bone mineral density.Visual analogue score (VAS),Roland-Morris disability survey scale (RDQ),vertebral compression rate,kyphotic Cobb angle and refracture rate were recorded before and after operation.Efficacy in correlation with the severity of osteoporosis was evaluated.Results Mean duration of follow-up was 24.3 months (range,18-36 months).Three days after operation,VAS descended from (7.7 ± 2.1) points to (4.3 ± 1.1) points in osteopenia group and from (7.7 ± 2.0) points to (4.2 ± 1.5) points in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);RDQ descended from (21.2 ± 1.5) points to (10.4 ± 2.5) points in osteopenia group and from (20.8 ± 1.9) points to (11.2 ± 1.7) points in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);rate of vertebral body compression descended from (42.2 ± 10.5) ％ to (3.2 ± 0.5) ％ in osteopenia group and from (46.2 ± 12.7) ％ to (2.9 ± 0.8) ％ in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);kyphotic Cobb angle descended from (21.2 ± 9.5) ° to (7.2 ±2.4) °in osteopenia group and from (23.1 ± 8.9) ° to (7.1 ± 2.6) ° in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05).Three years after operation,all the parameters remained better than these before operation,with the value higher in osteoporosis group than in osteopenia group (P ＜ 0.05).Rate of refracture was higher in osteoporosis group after operation,compared to that in osteopenia group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical short-term result is satisfactory,but refracture rate is increased with the osteoporosis aggravation.Targeting osteoporosis therapy is important to obtain a better mid-term results.

The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become a main category of disease which affects human health today.It is helpful to search for its causes and main risk factors for scientific prevention and control of these diseases.Now,we have already paid close attention to effect of the airborne contaminant and meteorological factors on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Some reports about solo affect of two types factors have given a clear results;however,a little of unification evidences have been provided.This article reviews the solo and unification effects of pollutants and meteorological factors in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To study the changes of subgroups of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in the patients infected with the 2009 pandemic influenza A ( H1N1 ) virus of different severity type. Method A total of 66 patients infected by H1N1 evidenced by RT-PCR admitted from September 2009 to January 2010 were divided into three groups: mild type ( B group, n = 47 ), cured patients of severe and critical severe type ( C group, n = 14) and died patients ( D group, n =5), according to the severity and prognosis. A total of 20 healthy volunteers served as control group( A group). Peripheral blood lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were detected by flow cytometry at the different time points. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were compared. Statistical analysis were performed by using SAS version 9.13 software and the data were processed with ANOVA and SNK test. Results Lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count declined in the early period in all the groups, and there were significant differences compared with A group (P＜0. 05), while rised with the clinical progression in group B and C,and those of C group were lower than B group ( P ＜ 0.05 ), but those of D group were always low. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were (4.4 ± 1.6) days vs. (4.4 ± 1. 4) days, ( 12.9 ± 3. 1 ) days vs.( 10.2 ± 2.6) days and ( 15.2 ± 7.3 ) days vs. ( 13.3 ± 2.9 ) days respectively, and there were significant differences among the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The cellular immune function was seriously damaged when patients were infected with H1N1. Further more, the changes of lymphocyte count, CD3+ , CD4+and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were tightly related with the degree of severity and prognosis. These findings can be used for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

This study is to determine six chlorogenic acids (chlorogenic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid) by quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single marker (QAMS). Chlorogeinc acid was used as internal reference to calculate the relative correction factors (RCF) of five compounds. Then the ruggedness of relative correction factors was tested on different instruments and columns. Meanwhile, a total of 4 batches of Lonicerae Flos and 20 batches of Lonicerae Flos extract with five different processing procedures were analyzed by external standard method (ESM) and QAMS, respectively. The ruggedness of relative correction factors was good. And the analytical results calculated by ESM and QAMS showed no difference. The quantitative method established was suitable for the quality evaluation of Lonicerae Flos extract.
Biomarkers ; analysis ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry

Objective To study the efficacy and feasibility of the one-stage and two classification method to treat concomitant gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones.Methods 56 consecutive patients with concomitant gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones in Central Hospital of Huzhou were treated with the one-stage and two classification method from January 2013 to January 2017.According to the size and quantity,common bile duct stones were divided into difficult stones and non difficult stones.In plan A (n =35),endoscopic stone clearance and laparoscopic cholecystectomy were undertaken in a single operation to treat non difficult stones,In plan B (n =21),laparoscopic cholecystectomy and CBD exploration without T-tube insertion were undertaken in a single operation to treat difficult stones.The operation success rate,postoperative complications,hospitalization stay and follow-up outcomes were analyzed.Results Fifty-six patients were enrolled in the study.Fifty-one patients were treated by the one-stage and two classification method.Among them,thirty-two patients followed treatment plan A.Three patients were convened to plan B because of failure of bile duet intubation.Nineteen patients were treated by plan B.One patient was converted to laparotomy,and another underwent T-tube drainage.The incidence of complication was 7.1％.Post-ERCP pancreatitis happened in one patient.Post ERCP bleeding happened in another patient (1.6％).Bile leakage occurred in one patient,and incision infection occurred in one patient.There were no deaths.During a follow-up of 6-24 months,no stone recurrence and bile duct stenosis were observed.Conclusion The one-stage and two classification method was an effective and feasible alternative to manage concomitant gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones.

Objective To evaluate the safety, efficiency and feasibility of HLA-identical sibling using culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells in treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Also to investigate for valid preventive measures to avoid the infection of HBV originated from donor. Methods A 46-years-old male patient with myelodysplastic syndrome-refractory anemia (MDSRA) got a cotransplantation of culture-expanded mensenchymal stem cells (MSC) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from HLA-identical sibling donor (his sister) who was infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV). Some measures were applicated in order to avoid the recipient from getting a HBV infection. The antiviral therapy to the donor was began early at the time 1 month before transplant, and HBV vaccine inoculation was used 2 month before transplant. High titer of anti-hepatis B immunoglobulin was used 1 week before transplant and 1 month after transplant the use of prophylactic anti-hepatis B drug treatment was begun. A non-myeloablative preparative regimen included fludarabine monophosphate (Flu, 120 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (Cy, 1200 mg/m2)and antithymocyte globulin (ATG, 15 mg/kg) was given to him before culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell and allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell from his HLA-matched sister. Results The regimen was well tolerated, and hemopoiesis was reconstituted on day 10 after transplant, idiochromosome detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization on day 30 showed XY 47/300 and on day 90 it was 7/300. No evidence of HBV infection was detected on day 60 after transplant. Conclusion The clinical course of this patient indicate that HLA-identical sibling culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation combined with non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation can be an effective and safe approach in treatment of MDS.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of magnetic resonance microneurog- raphy of sciatic nerve fascicles in rabbil by correlation with the gross anatomy.Methods The 3D T_2-weigh- ted imaging(3D-T_2 MI),3D T_2-weighted imaging plus spectral presaturation with inversion recovety(SPIR), T_1-weighted imaging(T_1 WI)of the sciatic nerve in 10 rabbits were performed on a 1.5 Tesla magnetic reso- nance system.The radiological ananomy and imaging features of sciaticnerve fascicles were observed and the anterior-posterior diameter was measured on 3D T_2-weighted imagingThe imaging evaluation was correlated with the gross anatomy.The T_1 and T_2 relaxation time were determined by multiple echo spin echo and mix se- quecerespectively.Results The libial nerve and peroneal nerve in the main trunk of sciaticnerve in all 10 rabbits could be clearly displayed on the 3D T_2 WI,3DT_2WI plus SPIRand T_1WI.Strikingly,the 3D T_2 WI could delineate the fine branches of the sural nerve and posterior femural cutaneous nervesThe T_1 and T_2 relaxation time were 915 ms40 msrespectivelyGrosslythe anterior-posterior diameter of sciatic nerve trunk was3.17?0.21)mmwhile was(3.15?0.19)on 3D T_2 WI.There was no statistically significant difference(t=0.768,P=0.462).Conclusion With 1.5 Telsa MR system the microneurography of the sci- atie nerve could be achievable and the individual fascicles of sciatic nerve trunk could be clearly and accurately discriminated.