OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of Triple-Endobutton plates in treating Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to January 2013,45 patients with Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation were treated with Triple-Endobutton plates. There were 35 males and 10 females with an average age of 30.5 (ranged from 19 to 60) years old. At the final follow-up, VAS, DASH, Constant-Murley criterion were used to evaluate shoulder function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 15 to 36 months. No neurovascular injury, wound infection and stress fractures were found,but 3 patients had a re-dislocation. At the final follow-up,the mean VAS score was decreased from (5.7±1.6) preoperatively to postoperative (0.2±0.1); DASH score was significantly decreased from (19.6±4.3) preoperatively to (0.3±0.1) postoperatively; Constant-Murley score was improved from (34.4±4.3) before operation to (94.8± 3.5) after operation.

CONCLUSIONClinical outcomes of treating Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation with Triple-Endobutton plates is satisfactory. However, re-dislocation is still the most common complication. Careful perioperative management is an important factor in preventing re-dislocation.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Dislocation ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Scalp

The leading bioregional pesticide,Bacillus thuringiensis,is accepted by the public and widely used biopesticide in the world.B. thuringiensis chitinase may contribute to the biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi and enhance insecticidal activity.It helps to take full advan- tage of Bt and upgrade the efficiency.This paper reviews the progresses of B.thuringiensis chitinase.

AIM: To discuss the effects of preoperative vitreous cavity injection of ranibizumab on 25G minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: From February 2013 to December 2015,74 patients with PDR received VRS (82 eyes) were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into VRS + IVR group and VRS group according to preoperative VRS treatment.VRS+IVR group: preoperative injection of ranibizumab (10mg / mL) at 3-5d before operation;VRS group: VRS only.We recorded VRS operation time,filling situation,iatrogenic retinal hole and so on.RESULTS: The operation time and coagulation times of VRS+IVR group were significantly lower than VRS group.The two groups in operation time and coagulation times were statistically significant (all P<0.05).In the VRS+IVR group,the number of cases of iatrogenic retinal hole and the use of silicone oil were lower than those of VRS group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).While the use number of C3F8 and perfusion fluid were not statistically significant (P>0.05).In VRS-IVR group within 3mo after operation,4 eyes appeared to vitreous body hematocele,VRS group was 13 eyes,the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.966,P<0.05).CONCLUSION: PDR patients with 25G minimally invasive VRS with preoperative therapy can reduce postoperative ocular bleeding,rate of retinal injury and silicone oil filling,shorten the operation time,the incidence rate and improve the success rate of surgery and reduce eye bleeding,postoperative complications such as adhesion.

Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; adverse effects ; Animals ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Interior Design and Furnishings ; Male ; Mice ; Mutagenicity Tests

BACKGROUND:Ultrasound therapy can relieve pain and improve the movement function in patients with knee osteoarthritis, but there lacks of consistency in the literatures of ultrasound therapy.
OBJECTIVE:To further identify the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:normal group, model group and ultrasound group. The rabbit in the normal group received no intervention;rabbits in the model group received anterior cruciate ligament transaction to establish the knee osteoarthritis model without any treatment;the rabbit in the ultrasound group received ultrasound therapy after modeling for 10 minutes once time, once per day, 0.3 W/cm2 , 1 MHz and treated for 10 times. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted for histological observation of rabbit articular cartilage;western blot and reverse transcription PCR assessment were used to assess the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 in rabbit articular cartilage, while Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling was used to assess the ratio of chondrocytes apoptosis of rabbit knee articular cartilage.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal rabbit cartilage tissues and chondrocytes were neatly arranged in column;the middle cartilage layer of the model was thin;the chondrocytes were arranged disorderly and became less. After ultrasound therapy, the chondrocytes were rearranged neatly, and the number was increased. Compared with the normal group, the Mankin scores in the model group and ultrasound group were higher;the apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was higher in the model group and ultrasound group than in the normal group, and was also higher in the model group than in the ultrasound group. Compared with the normal group, the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 were higher in the model group and the ultrasound group, while decreased after ultrasound therapy. The results indicate that ultrasound can improve the structure of cartilage tissues, decrease the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 and reduce the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes. It is effective for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with ultrasound therapy.

Objective: To summarize our experience on right hemihepatectomy for treatment of hepatolithiasis. Methods: The clinical data of thirty-nine patients suffering from intrahepatic bile duct stones, who had undergone right hemihepatectomy in our hospital from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2006, were retrospectively analyzed. The outcomes of operation, complication, and the follow-up findings were analyzed; and the clinical experience was summarized. Results: The 39 patients included 8 males and 31 females, with an age range of 23-65 years old and a mean of (44.2 ± 10.5) years old. All patients had various degrees of hepatobiliary stricture. All cases underwent right hemihepatectomy plus eholedoehotomy and T-tube drainage, including 28 also had cholecystectomy, 1 had additional left lateral hepatectomy, 1 had choledoehocystomy plus hepatojejunostomy, and 1 had demolishment of anastomotie stoma of choledochoduodenostomy. The post-operation complications included pleural effusion (17.9%), subphrenic infection (12.8%), liver failure (7.7%), biliary fistula (5.1%), and infection of incisional wound (5.l%). Two patients (5.1%) died of liver failure during the hospital stay. One was indicated of having intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and died of recurrence of cholangiocarcinoma 6 months after operation. Thirty-six patients (92.3%) received long-term follow-up (a median of [42.5±2.5] months) and 34 (94.4%) of them were symptom free. Excellent outcomes were achieved in the 31 patients with isolated right intrahepatic bile duct stones. Conclusion: Right hemihepatectomy is effective for right hepatolithiasis, especially for patients combined with right hepatic duct stricture. However, it should be noted that the operation is very difficult and has many complications, so the indications and contraindications of right hemihepatectomy should be strictly selected.

Objective: To summarize our experience on surgical treatment of caudate hepatolithiasis, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of caudate hepatolithasis. Methods: The clinical data, mode of operation, post-operation complications, and follow up findings were retrospectively analyzed in 19 patients with caudate hepatolithasis from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2006. Results: The 19 cases included 8 males and 11 females. Totally they had undergone 30 times of operation, with 12 cases only had once, 4 had twice, 2 had thrice, and 1 had 4 times. All cases received B ultrasound, CT, MRCP or ERCP and were confirmed to have caudate hepatolithiasis. Fourteen cases were complicated with opening stonosis of caudate bile duct. Eleven cases received caudate lobe resection. Eight cases received caudate expansion of the bile duct or plastic repair of duct + caudate duct exploration and calculus extraction, with a success rate of 100% and the patients were stone free after surgery. Eighteen patients (94.7%) were followed up for a mean of (17.6±2.3) months. Two cases had stone recurrence. The excellent and good rate was 88.9% in the present cohort; all those who received resection of the caudate lobe had excellent or good outcomes. Conclusion: It is very complex and difficult to treat caudate bile duct stone; caudate duct exploration and calculus extraction usually have unsatisfactory outcomes. Caudate lobe resection can clear the lesions and has a good long-term effect, which is largely dependent on the rich experience and the skillfulness of the surgeons.

Objective: To summarize our experience on the diagnosis and treatment of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC). Methods: The clinical data of 15 patients with AGC, who were treated in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2007, were retrospectively analyzed; and the clinical diagnosis and treatment experience was summarized. Results: Preoperative diagnosis showed that the 15 cases included gallstone in 12 cases, gallbladder polypi in 2, and gallstone associated with polypi in 1. All cases were incidentally discovered during operation, with 5 during open cholecystectomy and 10 during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All 15 cases were confirmed of gallbladder carcinoma by pathological examination after operation. The tumor stage included Nevin stage I in 3 cases, stage II in 7, stage III in 4 and stage IV in 1. The patients with UGC at Nevin stage I were closely followed up; those at Nevin stage II, III underwent radical correction of gallbladder carcinoma; and those at Nevin stage IV received extended radical resection of gallbladder cancer. The median follow-up time was 5.0 years. Two patients died and 13 survived; 5 patients survived for more than 5 years, with a 5-year survival rate of 84.8%. Conclusion: It is difficult to diagnose early gallbladder carcinoma before operation. The surgeons should be alert to the possibility of gallbladder carcinoma before and during the operation. Routine examination of the resected gallbladder tissues and frozen sections are necessary for suspected lesions. Immediate radical resection is an effective measure to improve the prognosis of UGC. Re-exploration and radical resection should be performed on UGC of Nevin stage II-IV.

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotenisn ⅡI (Ang Ⅱ) on RIN-m β-cell,and to explore the mechanism of β-cell function impairment caused by Ang Ⅱ.Methods RIN-m cells were cultured with various concentrations of AngⅡ (0.1,1,10,100 nmol/L).After incubation for 24 hours,the basal(3.3 mmol/L) and glucose-stimulated(16.7 mmol/L) insulin secretion(GSIS)were detected by radioimmunoassay,mRNA and protein expressions of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2)were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.The intracellular ATP content was measured by luciferase bioluminescence.The mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular Ca~(2+) concentration were detected by flow cytometry.Results (1) Various concentrations of Ang Ⅱ had no significant influence on the basal insulin secrection of RIN-m cell(F=0.644,P = 0.634).Except for 0.1 nmol/L AngⅡ,the other concentrations of Ang Ⅱ markedly reduced GSIS of RIN-m cells(F= 118.528,P = 0.000).(2) Compared with the control group,Ang Ⅱ significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of UCP2(F= 1 370,P = 0.000;F=675.175,P = 0.000).(3)Except for 0.1 nmol/L Ang Ⅱ,the other concentrations of Ang Ⅱ significantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential,cellular ATP content,and cellular Ca2+ concentration of RIN-m cell(F=4.035,P=0.008;F=3.353,P = 0.013;F=5.867,P = 0.001).Conclusion Ang Ⅱ impairs GSIS of p-cell,the mechanism of impairment may be interpreted that Ang Ⅱ can increase the expression of UCP2,furthermore,it can reduce mitochondrial membrane potential,decrease the content of cellular ATP and the concentration of cellular Ca~(2+),can finally impair the function of β-cell.