Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of nasal endoscope surgery on chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps in geriatric patients.Methods A total of 132 geriatric patients with chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps underwent nasal endoscope surgery in our hospital from Jun.2010 to Jun.2014,and the therapeutic effect was investigated.Results In the 132 cases,92 cases were cured (69.7％).Therapeutic effects were excellent in 33 cases (25.0％),and invalid in 7 cases (5.3％).The total effective rate was 94.7％.The total effective rate was 100.0％ in type Ⅰ,97.4％ in type Ⅱ and 84.8％ in type Ⅲ.The total effective rate was higher in type Ⅰ and Ⅱ than in type Ⅲ (x2=3.506 and 6.218,P=0.035 and 0.012).Local complications occurred in 10 cases (7.6％),including 1 case with nasolacrimal duct injury,2 cases with orbital hematoma,5 cases with nasal adhesion,1 case with surgical cavity hemorrhage and 1 case with sinus atresia.Conclusions The therapeutic effects of nasal endoscopesurgery on chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps are good in geriatric patients,especially in treating chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and the postoperative complications are less,which is worth clinical application.

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

The present study aimed to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (BZYQ) on Spleen-Qi deficiency rat's model using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis methods. The rat Spleen-Qi deficiency model was established as follows: oral administration of Radix Rhei extract, loaded swimming and starvation for 24 h. The body weight and motor behavior of the rats were measured and recorded once a week. BZYQ could significantly improve body weight and behavioral of Spleen-Qi deficiency model rats compared with the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). After drug administration, the changes in the levels of endogenous metabolites in the spleen including decreasing lactate, taurine and hypoxanthine, increasing glutamate and scyllo-inositol compared with the model group. The metabolomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the pharmacologic mechanism of BZYQ and it is helpful to further research.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolomics ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Qi ; Rats ; Spleen

Objective Laryngeal and upper esophageal foreign bodies are common diseases, we explored a new and simple method to remove these foreign bodies. Methods The clinical data of 177 patients with laryngeal and upper esophageal foreign bodies from June 2008 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. We used two methods to treat these foreign bodies:130 foreign bodies were directly removed under video endoscopy;47 foreign bodies were removed with suspension laryngoscopy, and video endoscopy was used meanwhile. Result 177 laryngeal and upper esophageal foreign bodies were removed well, without severe complications like esophageal perforation or phyryngeal fistula. Conclusion Removing esophageal and laryngeal foreign bodies with video endoscopy is simple, safe and effective.

To enhance the quality and efficiency of ozagrel by investigating the differences between the ozagrel polymorphs in bioavailability. Solid ozagrel in different polymorph forms were orally administered to SD rats. An HPLC method was established to determinate plasma level of ozagrel. The bioavailabilities of two polymorph forms were calculated and compared. The pharmacokinetic parameters of ozagrel, were as follows: Cmax was 32.72 ± 17.04 and 34.01 ± 19.13 mg · L(-1), respectively; AUC0-t was 61.14 ± 14.76 and 85.56 ± 18.08 mg · L(-1) · h, respectively; t½ was 1.53 ± 0.51 and 4.73 ± 3.00 h, respectively. There was no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between form I and II polymorphs of ozagrel while the t½ of form II is longer, which indicates that the use of form II polymorph as pharmaceutical product may prolong the effective action time in clinics. This would help the polymorph quality control in drug production.
Animals ; Biological Availability ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Methacrylates ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Aspirin (AS) has been widely used globally for preventing incidence of cardio-cerebral ischemic disease for nearly 100 years.The people who takes AS for long term may reach several hun-dred million,but many persons were died from interned bleeding.We found salvianolic acids (salvianolic acid B 57％,salvianolic acid A 1％,rosmarinic acid,35％,SA)was much better than AS in preventing in-cidence of cardio-cerebral ischemic disease,and may avoid hemorrhage risk in clinical application.The research are summary briefly as follows: (1) both AS and AS have same anti-platelet aggregation ef-fect,but their mechanism is different.AS inhibited both TXA2 and PGI2,SA inhibited TXA2only;(2)For established thrombosis,SA could dissolved it, AS showed no effect. The thrombolytic mechanism of SA has been elucidated. (3) In SHRSP rats, the incidence of stroke and death rate in SA group was distinct less that of AS group;(4)In MCAO rats,SA and Sal B decreased stroke index and neural im-pairment. AS showed no such ability; (5) There is microcirculatory disturbance in cardio-cerebral isch-emic disease. SA could improve circulatory disturbance induced by LPS, adrenaline, ROS and I/r. there is no any paper reported AS could have beneficial effect on above mentioned microcirculatory dis-turbance models;(6)Hyperlipidemia is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebral vascular disease. SA could significant hypolipidemic effect which is similar to that of statins(atovastin and simvastin)and ten times stronger than omega-3.AS has no inhibitory effect on hyperlipidemia.(7)Thereis overproduc-tion of ROS induced by ischemic/reperfusion in cardio-cererbal vascular disease.SA showed more ro-bust,anti-oxidant capacity than VitC,Vit E,melatonin,edalavone and resveratrol,etc.SA is one of the most powerful anti-oxidant in the world so far.(8)According to literatures,1/3 patients who take AS for long time will have hemorrhage, we found in normal rats and mice (coagulating and hemodynamics) SA had no apparent effect on coagulation system and this property of SA was confirmed in clinic trial with hundred thousand cases; (9) As well known, neurodegenerative disease are divided into acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease,and both have similar pathogenesis.We proved that SA could inhibit Aβ aggregation and fiber formation, inhibit tau hyperphosphorylation induced by OA and p25/CDK5,as well as increase neurogenesis and angiogenesis.More importantly,SA showed not only pre-ventive effect on cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. SA has been finished clinical trial phase I-IV for treatment of stroke.The therapeutic effect of SA is characterized by inducing multi-target effect and in-hibit pathogenesis of early,middle and late stage of stroke.SA as anti-stroke new drug was approved by the state food and drug administration of China in 2011.

By means of comparing biomasses of biodegradation fungi,Fusarium sp.HG-P-01 for ?-cypermethrin,a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used widely in China,in five different media,the Czapek-Dox medium was selected as the best medium for mycelia growth.Furthermore,an experiment of central composite rotatable design(CCRD) was used to optimize the content of nutrient components.The optimal composition of C,N and P in media for HG-P-01 were 20.94 g/L,1.82 g/L and 1.66 g/L,respec-tively,in which an expectant or real rate of ?-cypermethrin-degradation got to 96.34% or 93.78% by HPLC for a concentration of 50 mg/L after 24 h treatment.The predicted value in degradation rate model was con-sistent with that from HPLC method.

Artificial intelligence technology is being widely applied in drug screening. This paper introduces the characteristics of artificial intelligence, and summarizes the application and progress of artificial intelligence technology especially deep learning in drug screening, from ligand-based and receptor structure-based aspects. This paper also introduces how to apply artificial intelligence to drug design from these two aspects. Finally, we discuss the main limitations, challenges, and prospects of artificial intelligence technology in the field of drug screening.

In this study, a novel resequencing pathogen microarray (RPM)-based multi-pathogen detection assay was developed to simultaneously detect 14 rotaviruses, 7 caliciviruses, 8 astroviruses, 28 enteroviruses, and 16 rare diarrhea viruses in patients with diarrhea syndrome. The specificity of the assay was examined using confirmed virus-positive specimens, and the sensitivity was evaluated by serial ten-fold dilutions of in vitro transcribed RNA. RPM assay could detect and differentiate virus types/subtypes at 20-2000 copies/microL. The detection threshold of RPM was determined by adjusting the reference concentration, and the detection steps were optimized to type Enterovirus. The nucleic acids of 10 stool samples from patients with unexplained diarrhea were screened, and 6 of them showed positive results. The RPM results were further verified by singleplex PCR followed by sequencing, and no difference was found between the two assays. In conclusion, we have established a high-throughput RPM assay with high specificity and sensitivity, which demonstrates a great potential for the identification of pathogens in patients with unexplained diarrhea and the management of emerging epidemic.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Diarrhea ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viruses ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Objective:To validate the revised BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF with regard to association and agreement with the full MNA(R),considered as gold standard,in geriatric internal medicine patients.Methods:105 cases of hospitalized elderly patients in internal medicine were recruited for the study.The nutritional status correlation and coherence were evaluated with the revised BMI-MNA-SF、CC-MNA-SF and the full MNA(R),respectively.Results:The BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF all correlated strongly with the full MNA(R) (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=0.9080,0.8381 respectively;P ＜ 0.001).High values of sensitivity,specificity and predictive values were observed for the BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF against the full MNA(R) as the dichotomized categorizations "malnourished-at risk of malnutrition" vs "well nourished" and "malnourished" vs "at risk of malnutrition-well nourished" were considered.Most of values of those for CC-MNA-SF are lower slightly than BMI-MNA-SF.Areas under the ROC curves also reached high values (BMI-MNA-SF:0.951 and CC-MNA-SF:0.938 for the first categorization;BMI-MNA-SF:1.000 and CC-MNA-SF:0.985 for the second one) showing both tests excellent accuracy with the full-MNA.The agreement between the MNA-SFs and the ful1-MNA was quantified as the percentage of correct classifications.The BMI-MNA-SF classified 83.81％,correctly and the CC-MNA-SF classified 68.57％ correctly.Malnutrition proportions of subjects were not underestimated by both MNA-SFs.Conclusion:The revised BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF are rapid、easy and reliable tools are capable to identify malnourished individuals in internal medicine and those who are at risk of malnutrition.Due to the special characteristics of elderly patients,the CC-MNA-SF is a good option to replace the BMI-MNA-SF when BMI is not available.