PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the nursing students' job-esteem. METHODS: The data were collected from March 1 to 30, 2011 using questionnaires. The subjects were recruited from the department of nursing at a college in Kyungnam. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. RESULTS: The significantly factor which is a variable predicting best job-esteem of college nursing students by ability and opportunity to getting accounting for 13.4% (beta=.277) of the prediction, followed by work conditions, lifestyles, and sense of honor that accounted for 27.6%. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, nursing educational program and curriculum development should give nursing students a variety of experience for their career.
Accounting ; Curriculum ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Life Style ; Personal Satisfaction ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Values ; Students, Nursing

Purpose: For college students, poor eating habits can cause problems with adult health. This study investigated the status of sweet food intake and the degree of stress in college students in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas to provide a basis for nutrition education by analyzing the relationship between stress and sugar intake. Methods: The subjects were 760 college students, and the survey was conducted using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis for collected data was performed using SPSS (version 21.0). Results: The stress score showed higher stress in female students. Females had more stress in their employment and study-related problems than males. For changes in food intake under stress, the intake was increased greatly in females than in males. For food preference changes before and after stress, males preferred more spicy foods and less salty foods after stress. After stress, females significantly preferred sweeter and spicier foods and less salty, sour, and bitter foods. The intake of sweet foods by stress factors showed that the intake of snacks was higher under the condition of ‘worry, fatigue, and tension’, and the intake of beverages was increased significantly under the condition of ‘anger and aggression’. Conclusion Sweet foods were preferred under stress, and the amount of intake was increased. Education on food selection and nutrition information should be provided to prevent health problems that can be developed by the reckless intake of sweet foods. Active guidance is needed for college students to select the proper snacks instead of nutritionally insufficient foods to relieve stress.

Purpose: For college students, poor eating habits can cause problems with adult health. This study investigated the status of sweet food intake and the degree of stress in college students in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas to provide a basis for nutrition education by analyzing the relationship between stress and sugar intake. Methods: The subjects were 760 college students, and the survey was conducted using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis for collected data was performed using SPSS (version 21.0). Results: The stress score showed higher stress in female students. Females had more stress in their employment and study-related problems than males. For changes in food intake under stress, the intake was increased greatly in females than in males. For food preference changes before and after stress, males preferred more spicy foods and less salty foods after stress. After stress, females significantly preferred sweeter and spicier foods and less salty, sour, and bitter foods. The intake of sweet foods by stress factors showed that the intake of snacks was higher under the condition of ‘worry, fatigue, and tension’, and the intake of beverages was increased significantly under the condition of ‘anger and aggression’. Conclusion Sweet foods were preferred under stress, and the amount of intake was increased. Education on food selection and nutrition information should be provided to prevent health problems that can be developed by the reckless intake of sweet foods. Active guidance is needed for college students to select the proper snacks instead of nutritionally insufficient foods to relieve stress.

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Lymphocytes* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium*

No abstract available.
Thrombocythemia, Essential*

No abstract available.
Ezetimibe* ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* ; Mean Platelet Volume*

Background: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, has significantly impacted various domains including healthcare. Dermatology can potentially benefit from the integration of ChatGPT. Objective: To analyze the performance of ChatGPT in dermatology, with particular focus on understanding the model’s capabilities and limitations when addressing dermatology questions. Methods: We employed 144 questions from Korean Dermatology Residency Evaluation Examinations. Questions were formatted consistently and fed to both GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 models. Performance was qualitatively assessed based on accuracy, completeness, and logical reasoning. Reasons for wrong answers were analyzed. Results: The overall correctness rate for GPT-4 was 70.8% and 59.0% for GPT-3.5. In terms of accuracy, 70.1% of the explanations were completely accurate. A total of 90.3% of responses provided by GPT-4 were complete in terms of content. Illogical reasoning was detected only in 4.9% of the answers. A total of 69.0% of wrong answers were attributed to information errors, followed by logical errors in 16.7%. There was no significant difference in the correctness rates among question types, but the correctness rate decreased significantly with question difficulty. ChatGPT showed near-perfect consistency, demonstrating a 97.9% agreement and a Cohen’s kappa of 0.958. Conclusion This study demonstrated the potential of ChatGPT in dermatology knowledge retrieval, outperforming dermatology residents in terms of correctness rate, completeness, and accuracy. There were more information errors than logical errors, and the inaccuracy caused by these errors was identified as the main limiting factor of ChatGPT.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition in which the ovarian functions of hormone production and oocyte development become impaired before the typical age for menopause. POF and early menopause are present in a broad spectrum of gonad dysgenesis, from a complete cessation of ovarian function to an intermittent follicle maturation failure. Actually POF has been identified as a genetic entity (especially chromosome X), but data on genetic factors of premature menopause are limited. Until now, several cases revealed that inactivation of X chromosomes has an effect on ages of premature menopause and females with balanced or unbalanced X-autosome translocations can have several reproductive problems. On the other hand, there have been a few data that was caused by autosome-autosome translocation can lead. Therefore we report a relevant case of POF with translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4. She had her first menstrual period at the age of 12, and after 7 years she stopped menstruation. Chromosomal analysis showed 46, XX, t (1;4) (p22.3;q31.3). While evaluating this rare case, we could review various causes (especially genetic factors) of POF. To remind clinicians about this disease, we report a case of POF caused by autosome-autosome translocation with a literature review.
Female ; Gonads ; Hand ; Humans ; Menopause ; Menopause, Premature* ; Menstruation ; Oocytes ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; X Chromosome

The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of RMI(risk of malignancy index) as a preoperative predictive screening method in ovarian tumors. The RMI was calculated by the following formula; -RMI=The ultrasonographic score(0, 1, or 3) x serum CA-125 level x menopausal status score(1 or 3). The preoperative RMI was obtained from 69 cases of ovarian tumors operated from July 1993 to March 1996 at the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan Paik Hosp. Reviewing the histopathological diagnosis of surgical specimen, using RMI cut-off value of 200, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of RMI was obtained and compared with CA-125 value and sonographic scores, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The sensitivity of RMI was 67.7%, it was lower than that of serum CA-125 value(74.0%) and ultrasonographic score(80.6%)(P=0.535). 2. The specificity of RMI was 100%, it was higher than that of serum CA-125 value(81.6 %) and ultrasonographic score(84.2%)(P=0.006). 3. The positive predictive value of RMI was 100%, it was higher than that of serum CA-125 value(76.7%) and ultrasonographic score(80.6%)(P=0.047). 4. The negative predictive value of RMI was 79.2%, it was lower than that of CA-125 value(79.5%) and ultraconographic score(84.2%)(P=0.83). In conclusion, the RMI could be a useful screening method to discriminate a benign from malignant ovarian tumors prior to operation.
Busan ; Diagnosis ; Gynecology ; Mass Screening ; Obstetrics ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography*

OBJECTIVE: Respiratory viral infection of the neonatal period is highly contagious. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is important for proper treatment and prevention. However, the existing diagnostic method, respiratory virus cell culture, takes a long time to diagnose. Recent development of rapid diagnostic methods such as multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) enable early detection and effective treatment of respiratory viral infections. We compared the efficiency of multiplex RT-PCR and R-mix virus culture for rapid detection of respiratory viruses. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and results of R-mix virus culture and multiplex RT-PCR with nasopharyngeal aspiration specimens in 117 newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit suspected of infectious diseases. RESULTS: R-mix virus culture was positive in 29 cases (24.8%) and RT-PCR in 86 cases (73.5%). R-mix virus culture and multiplex RTPCR were identical in 54 cases (positive 26 cases, negative 28 cases). Among 75 cases that showed different results, 60 showed negative result in R-mix virus culture and positive result in multiplex RT-PCR, and three showed positive result in R-mix virus culture and negative result in multiplex RT-PCR. Different viruses were detected in the remaining 12 cases by both methods. CONCLUSION: Multiplex RT-PCR is faster than R-mix virus culture and has the advantage of identifying new respiratory viruses. On the other hand, Multiplex RT-PCR is more susceptible to false positives and mixed infections than R-mix virus culture, so more attention is required when interpreting test results.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Coinfection ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase*