OBJECTIVE: We wanted to evaluate the image quality and diagnostic value of 64-slice dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) coronary angiography in patients with atrial fibrillation (Afib). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The coronary arteries of 22 Afib patients seen on DSCT were classified into 15 segments and the imaging quality (excellent, good, moderate and poor) and significant stenoses (> or = 50%) were evaluated by two radiologists who were blinded to the conventional coronary angiography (CAG) results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting important coronary artery stenosis were calculated. McNemar test was used to determine any significant difference between DSCT and CAG, and Cohen's Kappa statistics were calculated for the intermodality and interobserver agreement. RESULTS: The mean heart rate was 89 +/- 8.3 bpm (range: 80-118 bpm). A range from 250 msec to 300 msec within the RR interval was the optimal reconstruction interval for the patients with Afib. The respective overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values were 74%, 97%, 81% and 96% for reader 1 and 72%, 98%, 85% and 96% for reader 2. No significant difference between DSCT and CAG was found for detecting a significant stenosis (reader 1, p = 1.0; reader 2, p = 0.727). Cohen's Kappa statistics demonstrated good intermodality and interobserver agreement. CONCLUSION: 64-slice DSCT coronary angiography provides good image quality in patients with atrial fibrillation without the need for controlling the heart rate. DSCT can be used for ruling out significant stenosis in patients with atrial fibrillation with its high NPV for detecting in important stenosis.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Algorithms ; Atrial Fibrillation/*radiography ; Contrast Media/diagnostic use ; Coronary Angiography/*methods ; Coronary Disease/*radiography ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Iohexol/analogs & derivatives/diagnostic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods

OBJECTIVETo introduce the procedure of the 1st ray stabilization combined with resection of the lesser metatarsal heads for patient with severe forefoot deformity caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and evaluate the short to mid-term clinical results.

METHODSFrom Oct. 2006 to Aug. 2010,97 patients (129 feet) aged from 36 to 67 years (average 54), with forefoot deformity caused by rheumatoid arthritis were reviwed. There were 88 males and 9 females,65 single lateral involved and 32 bilateral involved, the average duration of disease was 17 years (6 to 32 years). The 1st ray instability and lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint stiff dislocation were found in all cases. The first ray stabilization combined with resection of the lesser metatarsal head procedure were performed for all cases. The radiographic Hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) were measurde and the JSSF (Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot) score were evaluated before operation and every follow up.

RESULTSThe average followed-up was 37 months (6 to 52 months) for all patients except 5 (7 feet) and 1 died for acute cardiac infarction 1 year after operation. The average JSSF score improved from (33.2 +/- 8.2) points preoperative to (67.3 +/- 3.1) points at final followed-up (P < 0.01); the average HVA was corrected from (50.0 +/- 11.8) degrees preoperative to (21.2 +/- 3.2) degrees at final follow up (P < 0.01); the average IMA was corrected from (15.5 +/- 3.6) degrees preoperative to (9.7 +/- 6.6) degrees at final follow up (P < 0.01). MTP joint nonunion was found in 4 feet. A radiographic high density mass was found in the 1st cuneiform bone during 8 to 11 months followed-up in 3 feet; delayed wound healing was happened in 9 feet; MTP joint infection was happened in 2 feet; tarsometatarsal joint infection was happened in 1 foot; lesser MTP joints deformity recurrence were found in 16 feet.

CONCLUSIONThe characters of forefoot with RA in later stage are the 1st ray deformity and instability compound with the lesser toes deformity. The 1st ray stability procedure which include the 1st MTP arthrodesis and the Lapidus procedure can correct the 1st ray deformities and rebuilt its stability. The lesser toes metatarsal head resection is effective in correct their deformity. This combined procedure is reliable. It is suitable for patients with severe Hallux valgus, increased IMA, tarsometatarsal joint instability and the lesser MTP joint stiff dislocation.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Foot Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Forefoot, Human ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Hallux Valgus ; surgery ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; surgery ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; surgery ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the CCCG-97 and BFM-90 protocols in the treatment of pediatric patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) retrospectively, and to explore the optimal therapeutic strategy.

METHODSForty-five consecutive untreated patients (age of 18 years or less) with newly diagnosed B-NHL (including Burkitt Lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), treated in our hospital between July 1999 and December 2008 were enrolled in this study. The patients were classified into 2 groups by different protocols. From July 1999 to December 2004, twenty-one 3- to 13.8-year-old children were enrolled in the CCCG-97 group, with 1 in stage I/II, and 20 in stage III/IV(St Jude staging). From January 2005 to December 2008, twenty-four 2.8- to 14.1-year-old cases were enrolled in the BFM-90 group, with 3 in stage I/II, and 21 in stage III/IV (St Jude staging). The survival rates were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.

RESULTSForty of the 45 patients (88.9%) reached complete response (CR) after 2 courses of chemotherapy. In the CCCG-97 group, the CR rate was 95.2% (20/21 pts), while that in the BFM-90 group was 83.3% (20/24 pts). At a median follow-up time of 62 (17 to 131) months, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 71.8% for all patients, and 69.1% for Stage III/IV, respectively. In the CCCG-97 group, the 3-year EFS was 76.2%. In the BFM-90 group, it was 75.0%. There was no significant difference in survival rates between the CCCG-97 and BFM-90 groups (P=0.975). Unfavorable events recorded were as follows: Death of progression before achieving CR during induction therapy in 4 cases, and relapse after achieving CR in 6 cases. The relapse rates were 19.0% (4/21 pts) in the CCCG-97 group and 8.3% (2/24 pts) in the BFM-90 group, with a non-significant statistical difference (P=0.292). Major toxicities were myelosuppression and mucositis, especially in the BFM-90 group, but were tolerable and manageable. five patients in the BFM-90 group received rituximab, 2 patients (Stage III) achieved CR, while the other 3 patients (Stage IV) had progressive disease or relapse.

CONCLUSIONSShort-pulse and intensive chemotherapy, stratified according to stage of disease, can improve the survival rate of pediatric mature B-NHL. The efficacy of the CCCG-97 protocol and BFM-90 protocol is comparable and the toxicity is tolerable.

Adolescent ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Mucositis ; chemically induced ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo analyze the status of dietary sodium intake of 18 - 65 years old Chinese people in nine provinces (autonomous region) in 1991 and 2006.

METHODSIn 1991 and 2006, China Health and Nutrition Survey was carried out in nine provinces, including Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi and Guizhou, Subjects were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method from 18 - 65 years old people and 8235 subjects in 1991 and 7788 subjects in 2006. Sodium intake analysis was conducted across gender, regions and rural(urban) residences.

RESULTSOn average, sodium intake decreased from (6750.6 ± 3771.5) mg/d in 1991 to (4949.7 ± 2829.4) mg/d in 2006 (Z = -35.5, P < 0.01) among the 18 - 65 years old people. In 1991 and 2006, the main sources of dietary sodium were salt, soy sauce and vegetable. In 1991, the proportion were 79.6% ((5375.6 ± 3532) mg/d), 8.7% ((586.7 ± 721.7) mg/d) and 7.5% ((506.9 ± 906.1) mg/d), respectively. In 2006, the proportion were 71.5% ((3539.8 ± 2545) mg/d), 8.3% ((410.7 ± 547.9) mg/d) and 6.2% ((304.6 ± 610.7) mg/d), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSAmong 18 - 65 years old residents, sodium intake in 2006 was significantly lower than that in 1991, but still far beyond the 2200 mg/d of adequate intake level (2200 mg/d). The major source of sodium intake in Chinese diet was condiments.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Sodium, Dietary ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the age, gender and region specified milk consumption and its changing trends of Chinese 18 - 44 years old adults in 9 provinces (autonomous region) from 1991 to 2006.

METHODSThe data of 18 - 44 aged old adults investigated in Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2006 in 9 provinces (autonomous region) were utilized. The numbers of the subjects selected in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006 were 5593, 5491, 5334, 4188 and 3908, respectively. Changes of the percentage of milk consumption, average intake of daily milk and dietary calcium intake were analyzed across different groups of gender, income levels, and areas.

RESULTSThere was an increasing trend in the percentage of milk consumption and daily intake of milk from 1991 to 2006. The average percentage of Chinese adult milk consumption went up from 2.2% (123/5593) in 1991 to 7.6% (297/3908) in 2006 (Z = -22.16, P < 0.01). Specifically, urban adult and rural adult showed significant increase in the percentages from 9.7% (80/823) to 23.7% (112/472) (Z = -12.81, P < 0.01) and 0.1% (2/2937) to 1.8% (36/1987) (Z = -9.21, P < 0.01) respectively. Percentages of adult who ever drank milk at top income level and bottom income level increased from 4.7% (95/2006) to 14.6% (200/1373) (Z = -17.36, P < 0.01) and from 0.1% (2/1748) to 2.4% (28/1171) (Z = -9.58, P < 0.01), respectively. Meanwhile, the average daily intake of milk increased from (3.6 ± 24.6) g/d in 1991 to (11.8 ± 51.4) g/d in 2006 (F = 67.07, P < 0.01). The daily milk consumption among top income level adults and bottom income level adults increased from (8.5 ± 50.9) g/d to (23.1 ± 71.5) g/d and from (0.2 ± 6.5) g/d to (3.3 ± 23.5) g/d (F = 13.90, P < 0.01), respectively. From 1991 to 2006, milk consumers significantly promoted their percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium (800 mg/d) from 6.5% (8/123) to 12.8% (38/297) (Z = -1.67, P < 0.05), whereas this percentage increased from 1.6% (38/5470) to 3.6% (130/3611) among milk non-consumers (Z = -5.66, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONChinese adult milk intake still remains in quite low level, and the situation of milk consumption among rural adults requires further promotion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Calcium, Dietary ; analysis ; China ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Milk ; Nutrition Surveys ; Rural Population ; Suburban Population ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the value of prenatal echocardiography in diagnosis of fetal ventricular septal defect (VSD).Methods Prenatal echocardiography was performed on 3 826 fetuses,and the results were compared with those of postnatal echocardiography or autopsy findings.The diagnostic accuracy,misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of prenatal echocardiography for VSD were calculated.Results Among 3 826 fetuses,VSD was found in 61 fetuses (61/3 826,1.59％) with prenatal echocardiography,including simple VSD in 36 fetuses (36/3 826,0.94％) and VSD complicated with other heart malformations in 25 fetuses (25/3 826,0.65 ％).According to the results of autopsy and postnatal echocardiography,the final diagnosis of VSD was found in 76 cases (76/3 826,1.99％),of which simple VSD was found in 51 cases (51/3 826,1.33 ％),VSD complicated with other heart malformations were found in 25 fetuses (25/3 826,0.65％).The diagnostic accuracy,missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of simple VSD with prenatal echocardiography was 58.82％ (30/51),41.18％ (21/51) and 1.06‰ (4/3 775),respectively.The diagnostic accuracy,missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of VSD complicated with other heart malformations with prenatal echocardiography was 96.00％ (24/25),4.00％ (1/25) and 0.26‰ (1/3 801),respectively.Conclusion Echocardiography has important clinical value in prenatal diagnosis of fetal VSD,which can provide important references for treatment plan and prognosis evaluation.

Objective To assess the association between rs7597593 polymorphism of ZNF804A gene and schizophrenia,and to assess the relationship between rs7597593 polymorphism and working memory.Methods Schizophrenia patients and healthy controls were diagnosed in accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) ; 767 schizophrenia patients and 690 healthy controls were involved.Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was carried out to genotype rs7597593 polymorphism.The cognitive function of working memory was assessed by the N-back task.Statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS19.0 software.Results The study found no significantly different genotype frequencies (x2=1.519,P=0.468) and allele frequencies(x2=1.263,P=0.261) of rs7597593 polymorphism between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls,however in the subgroup of higher IQ (IQ ≥ 110),there were significant different distributions of both genotype and allele (x2 =9.411 and 6.529; P=0.009 and 0.011 respectively).It was also found in this subgroup that risk T allele was associated with more error at 1-back task (F=6.854,P=0.009).Conclusion These results indicated that rs7597593 polymorphism was associated with individuals having spared cognitive function; carriers of T allele had worse cognitive function,which maybe a pathway that it contributes to schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVECeramic brackets debonding by Nd:YAG laser is based on the thermal effect of laser, which may cause injury of the pulp tissue. In this study, the histological changes of pulp tissue that subjected to Nd: YAG laser irradiation with different power and time were observed.

METHODS20 New Zealand rabbits were included in this study. Ceramic brackets were bonded to the 4 incisors as routine. The ceramic brackets of left upper teeth that debonded mechanically were used as control group, while the brackets of right upper, left lower and right lower incisors were debonded by laser with 3 W 3 s (group A), 2 W 5 s (group B) and 5 W 2 s (group C) energies, respectively. The teeth were pulled out at 5 minutes, 1 day, 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after the debonding operations. Slides prepared from the pulp tissues of the debonded teeth were used to evaluate the injury of laser.

RESULTSIn comparison with the control group, pulp tissue of teeth that exposed to laser with different energy for 5 minutes showed mild capillary dilation. One day later, group A, B and C showed moderate capillary dilation, and group C also showed moderate infiltration. At 3 days, inflammation was disappeared in group B, whereas capillary dilation was found in group A. Hemorrhage and inflammation cells infiltration were found in group C. At 1 week, alleviation of capillary dilation was found in group A but not in group C. One month later, inflammation disappeared in group A, while pulp tissue in group C showed mild edema and capillary dilation.

CONCLUSIONNd:YAG laser of high energy may cause injury of the pulp tissue during debonding. Laser energy of 3 W 3 s could effectively debond ceramic brackets without irreversible pulp injury.

Animals ; Ceramics ; Dental Debonding ; Dental Pulp ; Lasers ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Rabbits

Objective To explore the effects of two kinds preoperative fasting and liquid-fasting time before caesarean section on blood glucose of puerperae with GDM before and after the operation,intra-operative complications and on blood glucose of neonates.Methods With prospective study method,162 puerperae with GDM admitted to obstetrical department of Peking University First Hospital and received cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia between April 1st and Sep. 30th in 2015,were selected as the research object,and were divided into the control group (admitted on odd-numbered days) and the observation group (admitted on even-numbered days). Puerperae in the control group were forbidden to eat solid food for 8 h and drink transparent liquid for 6 h before the operation,while those in the observation group were forbidden to eat solid food for 6 h and drink transparent liquid for 2 h before the operation. Puererae in two groups were compared about their preoperative blood glucose,incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting or aspiration,intra-operative quality of bleeding,postoperative exsufflation time and blood glucose half an hour after the operation, meanwhile,neonates in two groups were compared about their Apgar scores 1 min and 5 min after birth,and their blood glucose half an hour after birth. Statistical analysis was done by independent-samplest test,Mann-WhitneyU test and χ2 test.Results Difference of preoperative blood glucose of puererae in two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). Differences of intraoperative bleeding of puererae in two groups and blood glucose of neonates half an hour after birth in two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistic difference in the incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting or aspiration,postoperative exsufflation time of puererae,or Apgar scores 1 min and 5 min after birth of neonates in two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The scheme of forbidding puererae from eating solid food for 6 h and drinking transparent liquid for 2 h before cesarean section can reduce the incidence of preoperative hypoglycemia,maintain a smooth post-operative blood glucose, reduce intraoperative bleeding without increasing the incidence of intraoperative complications like nausea,vomiting or aspiration,or hypoglycemia of the neonates. The new fasting and liquid-fasting scheme is safe and feasible,which makes it worth promoting in clinic.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A virus ; immunology ; Influenza B virus ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies