Objective To summarize the efficacy of cervical pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation.Methods From September 2007 to March 2010,21 patients with cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation combined with developmental cervical stenosis were managed by pedicle screw fixation in unstable segments,and then single open-door laminoplasty in stenosis segments.The clinical outcomes were reviewed and summarized.Results All the patients received follow-up of 1-3 years.Two patients had superficial wound infection,which was cured by dressing change.One presented intra-incisional hematoma one week post-operatively and was cured by hemostasis and drainage.One had door-reclosing without symptom aggravation.There was neither perforation of pedicle screws nor breakage,loosening or displacement of internal fixation.The curvature of cervical lordosis at follow-up had significant rectification in comparison with that at preoperation,but showed unobvious change as compared with that immediately after operation.According to the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score,the neurological score improved from preoperative 4-15 points to 9-17 points at the final follow-up,which revealed more than 80％ of recovery in 13 patients,50％ -80％ of recovery in six and 5％ -50％ of recovery in two,with the average recovery rate of 75％.Conclusion For unstable segments in patients with cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation combined with developmental spinal stenosis,posterior pedicle screw fixation can avoid the risk of further spinal cord injury in single open-door laminoplasty and restore the physiological curvature of cervical vertebrae,which provides solid foundation for backward drift of spinal cord and creates favorable condition for recovery of spinal cord function.

Objective To explore the effect on effect of combined use of Y27632 (ROCK II inhibitor)and TDZD-8(GSK-3β inhibitor)on axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in neogenetic rats. Methods All the thoracolumbar DRGs of two neogenetic Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats(<5 days)were harvested under the stereopsis raicrostat,and then the DRG neurons were cultured,purified and indentified.Fifteen adult female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,ie,complete paraplegia group(5 rats),sham operation control group(5 rats)and normal group(5 rats)respectively.The T8-10 spinal cord extracts (SCEs) were harvested in the complete paraplegia group,sham operation control group and normal group respectively at day 7 after spinal cord injury.The experiment was divided into group A(DRG neurons + PBS),group B(DRG neurons + complete paralysis SCE),group C(DRG neurons + complete paralysis SCE + different concentration Y27632),group D(DRG neurons + complete paralysis SCE + different concentration TDZD-8)and group E(DRG neurons + complete paralysis SCE + proper concentration Y27632 and TDZD-8).The average axonal length and expression intensity of Tubulin βⅢ at distal end of neuronal axons were observed after two days of co-culture respectively in intro. Results (1)The average axonal length and expression intensity of Tubulin βⅢ at axon shaft and growth cone in the group B were significantly shorter and weaker than that in the group A,with statistical difference.(2)In the group C,the average axonal length and expression intensity of Tubulln βⅢ at axon shaft and growth cone in 5-10 μmol/L Y27632 treatment groups were more than that in the group B but lower than that in the group A.The average axonal length and expression intensity of Tubuhn βⅢ at axon shaft and growth cone in 20-50 μmol/L Y27632 treatment group were longer and stronger than that in the group A and the group B,especially the group B.Among different concentration Y27632 treatment groups,there was a longest average axonal length and strongest expression intensity of Tubulin βⅢ in 30 μmol/L treatment group.(3) In the group D,there was a longer average axonal length in 0.5-3 μmol/L TDZD-8 treatment group than that in the group A and the group B,with the longeat average axonal length in l μmool/L TDZD-8 treatment group.In 5-25 μmol/L TDZD-8 treatment groups,the average axonal length showed no difference compared with the group B but wns shorter than that in the group A.In all different concentration TDZD-8 treatment groups,the expression intensity of Tubulin βⅢ at axon shaft and growth cone was significantly stronger than that in the groups A and B.(4) In the group E,although the average axonal length was increased in the group E,there was no statisilcal difference compared with the group A,30 μmol/L Y27632 treatment group and l μmol/L TDZD-8treatment group.There was a significantly longer average axonal length in the group E than it in the group B and the expression intensity of Tubulin βⅢ at axon shaft and growth cone was stronger in the group E compared to the group A,30 μmol/L Y27632 treatment group and l μmol/L TDZD-8 treatment group.Conclusion The complete paralysis SCEs obviously inhibits DRG axonal growth,induces axonal retraction and growth cone collapse.High concentration of Y27632 can more obviously promote the axon growth compared with the low concentration,while the low concentration of TDZD-8 can obviously promote the axon growth.Combined use of appropriate concentration of TDZD-8 and Y27632 can promote the axon growth and induce the axons branching,as facilitates the formation of the axon circuit.

Objective To study the clinical feature, diagnossis and therapy of open spinal cord injury. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 15 patients with open spinal cord injury including 14 males and one female, at age range of 15-46 years (mean 23 years). There were two patients with open cervical spinal cord injury, 11 with open thoracic spinal cord injury and two with open lumbar spinal cord injury. Injury causes included sharp knife injury in 12 patients, firearm injury in two and stick stabbing in one. According to ASIA scale, there was one patient at Grade A, two at Grade B, seven at Grade C, four at Grade D and one at Grade E preoperatively. Foreign bodies were found in the wound in four patients. There were three patients combined with spinous process fracture, eight with vertebral plate fracture and five with vertebral body fractures. All 15 patients were treated by emergency management including vertical canal exploration, hematoma debridement or foreign body removal. Results Postoperative complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage in two patients and wound infection ( without spinal cord infection) in one. There were different degrees of neural functional recovery in five patients. The post-operation ASIA scale: one patient at Grade A, three at Grade C, 10 at Grade D and one at Grade E,with no patient at Grade B. Conclusions For open spinal cord injury, emergency operation is necessary under adequate preoperative preparation. Preoperative identification of foreign bodies, exploration and decompression are beneficial to spinal cord function recovery and reduction of the incidence rate of postoperative complications like infection or hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVETo compare differences of clinical therapeutic effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion with different doses for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

METHODSSixty cases of IBS were randomly divided into a saturated-dose group (30 cases) and a traditional-dose group (30 cases). Heat-sensitive moxibustion was applied in both groups. The acupoints that had the strongest heat-sensitive feeling were selected and treated by warm and suspended moxibustion with moxa stick. Disappearance of heat-sensitive feeling was taken as the sign of treatment time in the saturated-dose group, while the traditional-dose group was treated for 15 min each time. The treatment in both groups was given twice a day for first 5 days, and from the sixth day it was given once a day for continuous 25 times, totally 30 days. Clinical symptom scores and therapeutic effect before and after treatment in two groups were observed.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the cured and markedly effective rate was 75.0% (21/28) in the saturated-dose group, which was inferior to 44.4% (12/27) in the traditional-dose group (P < 0.05). The clinical symptom scores, including diarrhea, abdominal distension and pain, were obviously reduced in two groups compared with those before the treatment (all P < 0.05). Compared with the traditional-dose group, the symptom scores of diarrhea and abdominal distension in the saturated-dose group were obviously decreased (0.87 +/- 0.13 vs 1.27 +/- 0.21, P < 0.01; 1.12 +/- 0.41 vs 1.32 +/- 0.26, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe moxibustion featured with disappearance of heat-sensitive feeling and saturated dose has better therapeutic effect than that with traditional-dose for treatment of IBS. As individual dynamic amount of moxibustion, disappearance of heat-sensitive and quantitation varies from person to person, which is one of the key factors to obtain the best curative effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate myocardial apoptosis with 99Tcm-C2A-GST myocardial imaging using the recombined C2A domain of Synaptotagmin Ⅰ by gene engineering. Methods ( 1 ) The C2A gene was inserted into the prokaryotic glutathione S-transferate (GST) fusion protein expression plasmid pGEX-6P-1. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21. C2A-GST fusion protein was purified after BL21 was induced with isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). (2)The activity of fusion protein was identified by cell binding test with fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC)-C2A-GST. (3) The C2A-GST fusion protein was labeled with 99Tcm using 2-iminothiophene hydrocoride method. Radiochemical purity was determined with thin layer chromatography. (4)99Tcm-C2A-GST (7.4 MBq) was injected to ischemia-reperfusion rat models through tail vein. The image was acquired with SPECT at 1 h after injection, and then hearts were removed, rinsed with saline and dyed with triphenyl tetrazolium coride (TTC). The ischemic myocardium was separated from the viable myocardium and was weighted. Its radioactivity was measured by gamma counting. The difference of uptake of radiotracer between ischemic myocardium and normal myocardium was compared using percentage activity of injected dose per gram of tissue ( % ID/g) with standard deviation. SPSS 12.0 and t-test were used for data analysis. Results ( 1 ) C2A-GST fusion protein wassuccessfully expressed and its relative molecular weight was 3.8 × 104. (2) FITC-C2A-GST binding to apoptotic cells could be observed by fluorescent microscopy. (3) The radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-C2A-GST was (98.90 ±0.43)%. (4)The imaging studies showed that there was focal uptake of radioactivity in the ischemic myocardium. In vitro uptake of 99Tcm-C2A-GST was (2.41 ±0.32) % ID/g by the ischemic myocardium, however 99Tcm-C2A-GST-N-hydroxysuccinimide (C2A-GST-NHS) was (0. 82 ± 0. 24) % ID/g. There was statistically significant difference between those two groups (t = 10. 6, P ＜0.01 ). Conclusion The C2A domain of Synaptotagmin Ⅰ expressed by gene engineering can be used as the tracer for noninvasive detection of ischemic myocardium in the ischemia-reperfusion rat model.

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy on post-stroke mild cognitive impairment (MCI) treated with acupuncture at Jing-well points on the differentiated meridians and temple-three-needle therapy.

METHODSSeventy-three of stroke patients were randomized into an acupuncture group (37 cases) and a conventional treatment group (36 cases). Twenty healthy aged people in physical examination were collected as a control group. In the acupuncture group, on the basis of the conventional treatment of internal medication, the acupuncture at Jing-well points on the differentiated meridians and temple-three-needle therapy were applied. In the conventional treatment group, no any therapy was used except the conventional treatment of internal medication. In the control group, no any intervention was adopted. Neuroscan Nuamps electroencephalogram recording analysis system was used to determine the event-related potentials P300, and the amplitude and mini mental state examination (MMSE) score was observed before and after treatment in both groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, in the acupuncture group, P300 latent stage was shortened, and the amplitude and the score of MMSE were increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the conventional treatment group, above indices were not changed obviously as compared with that before treatment (all P > 0.05). Compared with the conventional treatment group, the differences in P300 latent stage, amplitude and MMSE score were remarkable in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture at Jing-well points on the differentiated meridians and temple-three-needle therapy improves the cognitive function of the patients with MCI.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged

P300/CBP-associated factor(PCAF),an important member of histone acetyltransferase family(HATs) within eukaryotic cells,is capable of inducing the acetylation of histone,promoting the transcription of specific genes and involving in many biological effects.In the present study,full-length cDNA of PCAF was inserted into plasmid pGEX-5x-1,then the soluble protein GST-PCAF was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) after the optimization of inducing conditions.The recombinant protein was further purified with affinity chromatography and tested the activity by in vitro acetylation assays.High efficient PCAF protein produced by this method could serve for the study on the role of PCAF in gene regulation and the interaction between PCAF and other proteins.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical results of single-stranded isometric with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) for recurrent patellar dislocation.

METHODSRetrospective analysis of 60 consecutive patients (72 knees) with recurrent patellar dislocation underwent medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction between August 2004 and October 2008, 22 cases (27 knees) with single-stranded isometric reconstruction, 38 cases (45 knees) with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction. Postoperatively patellar stability was examined, and recurrent rate was recorded. Patellar lateral shift ratio and tilt were measured on CT scans. Knee function was evaluated with subjective questionnaire and the Kujala score.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for more than 12 months without recurrent redislocation. (1) Recurrent instability rate was 18.5% in single-stranded group and 2.2% in double-stranded group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). (2) The patellar tilt and lateral shift ratio returned to normal, without statistical difference between groups (P > 0.05). (3) The Kujala score were 59 ± 9 and 62 ± 9 preoperatively and 87 ± 4 and 94 ± 6 postoperatively in single- and double-stranded group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). (4) The excellect rate was 85.2% in single-stranded group, 97.8% in double-stranded group, with statistical difference(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth reconstruction can improve patellar stability and knee function significantly, with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction better in clinic evaluation.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee ; surgery ; Patellar Dislocation ; surgery ; Patellar Ligament ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure of nano -zirconia toughened alumina ceramics with variety of nano-zirconia content in centrifugal infiltrate casting processing of dental all-ceramic.

METHODSComposite powder with different ethanol-water ratio, obtained serosity from ball milling and centrifugal infiltrate cast processing of green, then sintered at 1 450 degrees C for 8 h. The physical and mechanical properties of the sintered sample after milling and polishing were tested. Microstructures of the surface and fracture of the sintered sample were investigated by SEM.

RESULTSThe experimental results showed that there had statistical significience (P < 0.01) on static three-point flexure strength and Vickers Hardness in three kinds of different nano-zirconia content sintered sample. Fracture toughness of 20% group was different from other two groups, while 10% group had not difference from 30% group (P < 0.05). The mechanical properties of this ceramic with 20% nano-zirconia was the best of the three, the static three-point flexure strength was (433 +/- 19) MPa and fracture toughness was (7.50 +/- 0.56) MPa x min 1/2. The intra/inter structure, fracture of intragranular and intergranular on the surface and fracture of sintered sample in microstrucre was also found.

CONCLUSIONIntra/inter structure has strengthen toughness in ceramics. It has better toughness with 20% nano-zirconia, is suitable dental all-ceramic restoratives.

Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics ; Dental Porcelain ; Hardness ; Materials Testing ; Zirconium

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics and treatment of the deep wound infection after thoracic and lumbar instrumentation.

METHODSThirty-six cases of deep wound infection after thoracic and lumbar instrumentation were retrospectively reviewed. There were acute deep wound infection in 14 cases and delayed infection in 22 cases. The patients with acute infection were treated with debridement and continuous irrigation and suction. Internal fixators were removed in 3 cases for repeated infection. The patients with delayed infection were treated with internal fixator removal, debridement and continuous irrigation and suction.

RESULTSAt follow-up evaluation, only 1 patient had recurrence of infection because of his complicating vertebral osteomyelitis. The most common organisms cultured in acute deep wound infection were staphylococcus aureus and colibacillus while staphylococcus epidermis, micrococcus and diphtheria bacillus in delayed infection. The white cell count and ESR were elevated in the acute deep wound infection while only the ESR elevated and the white cell count remained normal in the delayed deep wound infection.

CONCLUSIONSThere may be different between the acute and delayed deep wound infection's pathology. The internal fixator could be remained in the acute deep wound infection which need be removed in the delayed deep wound infection.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Debridement ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; methods ; Surgical Wound Infection ; etiology ; therapy ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery