Objective　To explore the role of tyrosine hydroxy lase (TH) gene in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by using ex vivo gene transfer. Methods　After the construction of TH gene in a retroviral vector, the astrocytes were cultured with the supernatant containing the recombinant DNA and then grafted into the cerebrum of PD rats. The reduction of the rat rotation beharior was evaluated. Results　The rotati on of PD rats was markedly improved in the rats with ex vivo gene transfer. Conclusion　TH has an obvious efficiency on the treatment of PD and the astrocytes can be used as effective gene transfer cells.

Objective:To survey the status of anxiety/depression and lifestyle among junior high school students and explore their relation to put preference for psychological health education.Methods:Totally 1597 junior high school students aged 10 to 17 years in Shang Haicity were surveyed.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7),Patient Health Questiormaire-9 items (PHQ-9) and Chinese Adolescent Lifestyle Scale (CALS),were used to assess anxious emotion,depressive emotion and lifestyle.Results:The rates of anxious emotion and depressive emotion were 16.4％ and 17.2％ respectively among students.Scores of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were negatively correlated with all factor scores of CALS including eating habits,sleep status,health habits,learning habits,exercise,entertainment activities,interpersonal relationships,coping style and life satisfaction (-0.57 ≤ r ≤-0.15,Ps ＜ 0.01).Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the sleep status factor scores,life satisfaction and exercise factor scores of CALS could negatively predict scores of GAD-7 (β3 =-0.17,-0.15,-0.05;Ps ＜ 0.05) and health habits positively predict scores of GAD-7 (β3 =0.08,P ＜0.001).Sleep status factor scores,life satisfaction factor scores and eating habits factor scores could negatively predict scores of PHQ-9 (β3 =-0.21,-0.16,-0.06;Ps ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that the junior high school students'depression and anxiety are related to their lifestyle.The emotion of depression and anxiety of students may be predicted by some factors in the lifestyle.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the circumferential procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoids (PPH) in the treatment of third or fourth degree hemorrhoids Methods A total of 32 patients with Ⅲ or Ⅳ degree of circular prolapsed hemorrhoids received operation of PPH The mean age of the patients was 42 5 years old with hemorrhoids history of 5 42 years Results The mean operating time was 9 2 minutes and hospital stay was 3 3 days after operation Eighteen patients complained of local anal pain and 6 patients suffered from temporary urine retention after operation Postoperative bleeding was found in 7 cases on days 3 and 6 after operation, but it was cured by conservative methods No complications were found during the follow up of 2～10 months Conclusion PPH is a safe and effective treatment for hemorrhoids at the third and fourth degree with the advantages of shorter time of inpatient stay and earlier return to normal activity and quicker recovery However, the long term outcome remains to be identified

Objective:To explore and evaluate the application of flipped classroom in the integrated curriculum of pathology and pathophysiology overview.Methods:This study included in 172 students from the 8-year program of clinical medicine of Batch 2016 (observation group), and 142 students of Batch 2014 (control group). The observation group adopted traditional classroom teaching combined with flipped classroom teaching, and the control group used only traditional classroom teaching. In the observation group, the teaching contents were redesigned in the form of flipped classroom. The relevant knowledge points were provided before class. Group discussions and in-class presentations were used in the teaching. And the cultivation of students' learning autonomy, interaction and innovation were emphasized. The teaching evaluation was obtained from the questionnaire survey and final exam performance of the two groups of students. SPSS 21.0 was used for t test. Results:Students in the observation group had high satisfaction with flipped classroom which was helpful to improve students' independent learning ability, oral expression ability and innovative thinking ability. However, there was no significant difference in the final exam scores between the two groups ( P=0.306). Conclusion:Flipped classroom teaching can improve students' interest in learning and stimulate their independent learning and innovation. However, the teaching effect evaluated only by the final performance can't reflect the superiority of flipped classroom, which should be assessed by more evaluation indexes.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to promote osteoblast differentiation.

METHODSDifferent concentrations of CGRP (0, 10, 30, 100 ng · mL⁻¹) were added to mouse osteoblasts in vitro. The mRNA and protein expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1β were examined using Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of IL-1β protein and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The osteogenic differentiation of mouse osteoblasts was identified through alizarin red staining.

RESULTSThe protein and mRNA expression levels of both NLRP3 and IL-1β significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing CGRP concentration. Moreover, the contents of intracellular ROS gradually decreased (P<0.05). The osteogenic differentiation of the osteoblasts was more enhanced in the group treated with 100 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP than in the empty group (0 ng · mL⁻¹ CGRP).

CONCLUSIONCGRP promotes osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Calcitonin ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cell Differentiation ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Interleukin-1beta ; Mice ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; NLR Proteins ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; RNA, Messenger ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To investigate nutritional support in the treatment of cancer in recent years.Methods Seperately diSCUSS on application conditions of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in the treatment of cancer and its advantages and disadvantages.Results Enteral nutrition can improve digestive funcdon,reduce costs and enhance immunity.Parenmral nutrition can supplement insufficiency of enteral niltrition and inhibit tumor growth by selecting the kinds of nuWients to support a normal body function.Conclusion Enteral nutrition combined witll parenteral nutrition iS a suitable means of nutritional support in the treatment ofcancer.

Objective: To study the effects of vitamin E and selenium on apoptosis and c-Myc expression in human leukemia cells. Methods: DNA gel electrophoresis and Northern blotting hybridization were used to detect the apoptosis and the expression of c-Myc gene, respectively. Human leukemia cell line HL-60 and K562 were cultured in vitro. Results: The apoptosis of HL-60 and K562 cells were induced after being exposed to vitamin E (100 ?mol/L) and selenium (8 ?mol/L) for 24 hours, respectively. In HL-60 cell line, c-Myc mRNA was down-regulated significantly by vitamin E(100 ?mol/L),but not selenium(8 ?mol/L).In contrast, the expression of c-Myc gene was repressed by selenium(8 ?mol/L) and not by vitamin E(100 ?mol/L) in K562 cell. Conclusion: Our observations suggest that c-Myc down-regulation and induction of apoptosis by selenium and vitamin E are important pathways in repressing leukemia cell proliferation.The results suggest there are different mechanisms of repressing leukemia cell proliferation for selenium and vitamin E.

BACKGROUND:Lumbar spinal stenosis is clinical repaired with decompression, bone fusion and internal fixation, and different internal fixation materials can be chosen during the surgery. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) pedicle screw fixation combined with interbody fusion on the bone fusion rate of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 63 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing decompression and interbody fusion. These patients were divided into control group (titanium internal fixation system,n=31) and experimental group (PEEK pedicle internal fixation system,n=32) according the internal fixation materials folowed by posterior spinal decompression with interbody fusion. The Oswestry dysfunction index scores before and 4, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively and bone fusion rates at 4, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Oswestry dysfunction index scores showed a gradual decline in both two groups before and 4, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment, but there was no difference at different time (P > 0.05). At 4 and 24 weeks after treatment, there was no difference in the bone fusion rates between the two groups (P > 0.05), but at 12 weeks after treatment, the bone fusion rate in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). During the surgery, no infection and other adverse events occurred in the two groups. These results indicate that both PEEK and titanium internal fixation systems for lumbar tube stenosis have obtained good results, but PEEK material has a better role in the bone fusion at 4-12 weeks after internal fixation.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and economic burden of diabetes in Guandu district of Kunming. Methods We used probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method to select representative sample of 4595 residents aged 18 or over from this district. Each participant received face to face questionnaire interview and physical examination. We applied different methods to measure the direct,indirect and intangible costs of diabetes. Results In the study population, the overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.2%,and females had higher prevalence of diabetes than males (6.2%vs. 5.6%, <0.05) . The DALY/1000 population of diabetes was 3.52, among which males and females were 5.18 and 6.70, respectively. Mean unit direct costs, indirect costs and intangible costs of diabetes were 3464.49 Yuan,84.48 Yuan and 4 045.97 Yuan,respectively. The total economic burden of diabetes was 401.84 million Yuan. Intangible costs represented the largest component of economic burden of diabetes,followed by direct costs. Conclusion The huge economic burden of diabetes has become the cause for concern in Guandu district. Effective measures are needed to reduce the economic burden of diabetes.

[Objective]To study the mechanism of tubular epithelial hypertrophy induced by high glucose.[Methods]Human tubular epithelium line HK-2 cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 1 g/L glucose(normal control group),4.5 g/L glacose(high slucose group),and 1 g/L glucose+3.5 g/L mannitol(iso-osmia control group),respectively.The cells of every group after cultured for 24 h,48 h.and 96 h were collected.The mRNA levels of CTGF and p27~(kip) were detected by real-time PCR.The protein levels of CTGF and p27~(kip) were detected by Western blot.The cellular proliferative activities were observed by MTT.The total cellular protein contents were detected by Bradford method.The cell cycle process was analyzed by flow cytometry.The cells of every group after being cultured for 30 win,1 h,24 h,and 48 h were collected.The levels of phospho-ERK1/2 were detected by Western blot.Every step was repeated for 3 times.[Results]High slucose could significantly up-regulate the mRNA and protein levels of CTGF and p27~(kip),activate ERK1/2 signal conductive pathway in HK-2 cells,make more cells arrest in G1 phase,decrease cellular proliferative activities,increase total cellular protein content reflecting cellular hypertrophy.[Conclusion]CTGF is an important mediator of tubular epithelial hypertrophy induced by high slucose.The mechanism is that CTGF up-regulates the p27~(kip) expression through activating ERK1/2 pathway.Up-regulated p27~(kip) lead proliferative cell to be arrested in G1 phase and cause cellular hypertrophy.