italic>Cannabis sativa, one of the ancient medicinal plants, has been used to alleviate pain and seizures. However, cannabinoids are often addictive, which limits their clinical use. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, has much weaker adverse effects than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and therefore has received widespread attention. CBD has been found to ameliorate a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, but the precise mechanism(s) of action are still unclear. Due to its low affinity for classical cannabinoid receptors current studies are focusing on other targets outside the endocannabinoid system. In the present review we mainly summarize the effects and molecular mechanisms of CBD in neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, and depression.

0.05) were found in ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening of left ventricle (DD), blood flow velocity through aortic valve, blood flow velocity through pulmonary valve, E peak velocity of mitral valve, left atrial end-systolic anterior-posterior diameter, left ventricular end-systolic anterior-posterior diameter, left ventricular end-systolic left-right diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic left-right diameter after 2-4 hours of +Gz exposure. A peak velocity in mitral valve slightly increased (P

Objective To express and purify mammalian glycosylation modified trimeric Ebola virus trimeric glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) using novel glycoengineered Pichia pastoris.Methods The EBOV-GP and EBOV-GPΔMLDΔTM genes were cloned into the pPICZ-αA vector,electrochemically converted to glycoengineered Pichia pastoris,and compared with EBOV-GP expressed in HEK-293T cells.Glycosylation was analyzed by PNGaseF and EndoH digestion,while the target protein was purified by affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography.N-terminal sequencing was used to determine whether the signal peptide was correctly cleaved during protein translation and gel column analysis was used to find out whether the trimeric structure was formed.Results The results of PNGaseF showed that EBOV-GP expressed by glycoengineered Pichia pastoris and HEK-293T cells had the same relative molecular mass and N-glycosylation degree.EndoH digestion showed that the N-glycosylation modification of EBOV-GPΔMLDΔTM was in a non-high mannose form.N-terminal sequencing showed that the signal peptide of the GP protein itself was correctly excised.Gel column analysis showed that the purified protein was in a trimeric form.Conclusion An EBOV-GP is obtained with complex glycosylation modification based on Glycoengineered Pichia pastoris.

Objective To investigate the significance of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) on prognosis acute coronary syndrome (ACS) within one year.Methods Eightynine hospitalized patients were collected from department of Cardiovascular disease,the people's hospital of Wuxi city affiliated of Nanjing Medical University and the Second People's Hospital Wuxi City from November 2009 to February 2011,and divided into ACS group (n =50),stable angina pectoris (SAP) group (n =19) and nonCHD group(n =20).HSP60,HSP65 levels in human serum were measured at the time of admission.The followup records of all patients were established to observe the occurrence of coronary events during one year,and analyzed its relationship between with HSP60,HSP65.Results Eighty-four cases were successful followed-up,and lost cases were 5.Eighteen patients occurred cardiovascular events within one year,and their content of serum HSP60 and HSP65 were significantly higher than that of without cardiovascular events (HSP60:(1026.19 ± 253.47) ng/L vs.(845.75 ± 138.52) ng/L,t =2.49,P ＜ 0.05 ; HSP65:(2573.95 ± 768.75) ng/L vs.(2076.38 ± 385.46) ng/L,t =2.58,P ＜ 0.05).In ACS group,the level of serum HSP60 and HSP65 of the patients occurred cardiovascular events was significant higher than that of without cardiovascular events,and there was significant difference(HSP60:(1162.73 ±249.14) ng/L vs.(892.55 ±204.62) ng/L,t =2.19,P ＜ 0.05 ; HSP65:(2714.39 ± 738.44) ng/L vs.(2136.85 ± 472.62) ng/L,t =2.65,P ＜ 0.05).COX regression analysis showed that HSP65 was an independent risk factor for recent cardiovascular events in patients with ACS (RR =1.002,95％CI 1.000-1.004,P =0.035).Conclusion The detection of HSP60,HSP65 in prognostic coronary artery disease prognosis has important value,and HSP65 was an independent risk predictor of ACS in recent cardiovascular events within one year.

Objective To explore the application effect on theInternet plusused in basis surgical operation and formative evaluation. Methods The students of Chongqing Medical University who planned to study the basis of surgical operation in the 2015 academic year were randomly divided into two groups, with 166 students in the experimental group and 165 students in the control group.Internet plusmodel was used in the experimental group in surgery based teaching and the formative evaluation system; the control group used the traditional teaching mode and traditional formative assessment method. Indicators of forma-tive evaluation system include animal operation score, small group global impression, the homework score (small group overall form), the final exam results and operation examination results. After class, the ques-tionnaire was used to investigate the effect of students' learning. The t test or rank sum test of two groups of students were performed by using SPSS 17.0. Results Average scores of animals operation and homework score of the students in the experimental group were respectively (9.23 ±0.65) and (9.53 ±0.66), higher than in the control group (8.56 ±0.62) and (8.96 ±0.52), and the difference between the two groups had statistical significance (P<0.05). The results of the questionnaire showed that according to the students' self evaluation the students in the experimental group were superior to the control group (P=0.03) in the aspect of professional knowledge learning. Conclusion Internet plus used in surgery teaching and formative evaluation, can significantly improve the effect of teaching and promote students' learning.

AIM: To study the relationship between the activity of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) and pulmonary structural remodeling with the model of chronic isobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: 29 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus Polidatin (PD) group. By diameter, the arteries were divided into two groups: arteries of group I (30 ?m-100 ?m) and group II (101 ?m-200 ?m). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The PLA 2 activity was measured with modified microtitrimetic method. The pulmonary tissue and arterioles morphology changes were examined under light microscope. RESULTS: It was found that after 21 days hypoxia, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), the PLA 2 activity in blood and lung homogenate increased significantly. The media thickness of group I arteries increased (P

Objective To develop an interleukin-4(IL-4) antagonist named M5-IgG1Fc protein constructed by genetic engineering of antibody Fc fragment-cytokine mutein fusion protein which has a long half-life time in plasma.M5-IgG1 Fc protein binds to IL-4 receptor but cannot activate downstream signalling pathway , which provides a basis for drug develop-ment for allergic diseases .Methods The synthesized interleukin-4 mutant gene ( named M5 ) was cloned into the expres-sion vector pBV220 and transformed into E.coli DH5α.Chimeric gene M5-IgG1Fc obtained by overlap extension (SOE) method was transformed into glycoengineered Pichia pastoris GJK01 through expression vector pPICZαA .Then M5-IgGFc fusion protein was obtained by protein purification after being induced by methanol in 72 hours.The anti-IL-4 biologicial ac-tivity assay of M5 and M5-IgG1 Fc was performed with CTLL-2/IL-4R cells and detected with MTT colormetry .Finally,the half-life time of M5 and M5-IgG1 Fc protein in mice was compared by detecting the remaining amount in plasma with ELISA kit.Results The M5 protein expressed in E.coli and M5-IgG1 Fc fusion protein expressed in P.pastoris GJK01 both had IL-4 antagonistic bioactivity .The EC50 of both, which inhibited 5.6 ×10 -2 nmol/ml of IL-4, were 0.31 ±0.05 and 0.77 ± 0.03 nmol/ml,respectively.The maximum of M5 in plasma at 0.5 h was 5.8 ×10 -2 nmol/ml but the remaining amount was 2.8%of the maximum at 2 h.M5 protein could not be detected after administration at 8 h because of the detection line . The maximum of M5-IgG1 Fc fusion protein was 4.7 ×10 -2 nmol/ml,while fusion protein M5-IgG1 Fc decreased to 4.3%of its maximum at 120 h and could not be detected at 168 h.Conclusion M5 protein has IL-4 antagonistic bioactivity .M5-IgG1 Fc fusion protein expressed in glycoengineered P.pastoris GJK01 has IL-4 antagonistic bioactivity and long retention time in mice,which can be potentially used for treatment of allergic diseases .

AlM:To evaluate the efficacy of retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) combined with 577nm laser macular grid photocoagulation for the treatment of cystoid macular edema.
METHODS: Fifty-eight cases ( 66 eyes ) with cystoid macular edema caused by different diseases were recruited in this study. The included patients were treated with both retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide and 577nm laser macular grid photocoagulation. The best corrected visual acuity, macular thickness, fundus and intraocular pressure were observed in the 1wk, 1 and 3mo after the treatment in all of the included cases.
RESULTS: After treatment, all of the 66 eyes showed cystoid macular edema partially or completely subsided according to optical coherence tomography and fluorescence fundus angiography; 54 eyes ( 82%) visual acuity improved, 12 vision remained the same.
CONCLUSlON: Retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide combined with 577nm laser macular grid photocoagulation has good curative effect, simple operation procedure and rare complications in the management of cystoid macular edema.

Objective To investigate gene polymorphisms and distribution features of glutathione Stransferase Omega-1 (GSTO 1 ) gene in Ala 140Asp site in 16 Chinese populations.MethodsA total of 1369 samples were from the human genome project(HGP)-the establishment and preservation program of Chinese minority genetic resources.The phenotypes of Ala/Ala (C/C),Ala/Asp (C/A),and Asp/Asp (A/A) of GSTO1 Ala140Asp were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).With analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA),the genetic variation levels among nations and regions were analyzed by estimating the evolutionary distance of alleles or genotypes.ResultsOf the 1369 individuals analyzed,979 (71.51％) were carriers of the wild homozygous allele Ala/Ala(C/C),365 (26.66％) were heterozygotes Ala/Asp(C/A) and 25 (1.83％) were mutant homozygotes Asp/Asp(A/A),with an overall frequency of the GSTO 1 mutant allele A 15.16％ [ (365 +50)/( 1369 × 2)].AMOVA analysis showed that the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05) of genetic variations of GSTO1 gene Ala140Asp among the 14 ethnic groups,and was significant between the northem and southern populations (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion In different regions and populations the GSTO1Ala140Asp mutant allele frequencies are different.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the polymorphism distribution of arsenic(+3 oxidation state)methyhransferase(AS3MT)5'-UTR VNTR in Chinese populations.Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood anti-coagulated with ACD of 1440 individuals in a standard phenol-chloroform protocol.The phenotypes of AS3MT 5'-UTR VNTR were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)associated with agarose gel electrophoresis.Results Of the 1440 individuals,771(53.5%),426(29.6%),211(14.7%),16(1.1%)and 16(1.1%)were carriers of the V2/V3(AB/A2B),V3/V3(A2B/A2B),V2/V2(AB/AB),V2/V4(AB/A3B)and V3/V4(A2B/A3B)genotype,respectively.The AB(V2),A2B(V3)and A3B(V4)allele frequency was 41.9%,57.0%,1.1%respectively.The differences of AB(V2)and A2B(V3)allele frequency were all significant between the northern and southern populations respectively(χ2=23.39,χ2=33.28,P＜0.007).Conclusions In different regions the AB(V2)and A2B(V3)allele frequency is different,the AS3MT 5'-UTR VNTR polymorphism can be used to evaluate the susceptivity of arsenieosis.