Objective The aim of this study is to explore the significance of fitting hearing aids before cochle_ar implantation by studying the postoperative impact on neural response telemetry (NRT ) threshold ,the subjective threshold(T -level) and maximal comfort level(C-level) values .Methods A total of 45 patients with cochlear im_plants were divided into 3 groups:patients in group HA1(n=17)had worn hearing aids preoperatively more than 6 months and the age of starting wearing hearing aids was yonger than 3 .5 years old ,patients in group HA2(n=8) had worn hearing aids preoperatively more than 6 months and the starting age was older than 3 .5 years old ,patients in group NHA(n=20 )never wore hearing aids before ACI .The postoperative electrode impedance ,NRT value and T -level and C -level were evaluated at 3rd ,6th ,and 12th months ,respectively .ResuIts Electrode impedances were 10 .9 ± 2 .1 kΩ in NHA group ,10 .5 ± 2 .3 kΩ in HA1 group ,10 .7 ± 2 .7 kΩ in HA2 group ,respectively ,and there were no statistically significant differences .Significant differences were found between group HA1 and group NHA ,group HA1 and group HA2 in terms of NRT threshold value ,T -level or C-level(P<0 .05) .There were no statistically significant differences between group HA2 and group NHA with respect to NRT threshold values ,T-level as well as C-level(P>0 .05) .ConcIusion The results of this study showed that wearing hearing aids for a longer time before CI was beneficial for hearing rehabilitation postoperatively .

ObjectiveTo find out the prevalence of brucellosis in Baotou,and to provide a scientific basis for integrated control of brucellosis.MethodIn 2010,high-risk people 7 to 70 years of age engaged in livestock farming,grazing,slaughtering,processing and selling were investigated in 9 districts (banners,counties)of Baotou city.In accordance with the principle of informed consent,blood samples were collected,serum titer was tested using the rose bengal agglutination test and tube agglutination test(SAT),and serum titer of 1:100(+ +) was considered as positive brucellosis,and results were evaluated based on brucellosis monitoring standards(GB 16885-1997).ResultsA total of 5832 copy blood samples were collected,and 250 cases were tested positive,the positive rate was 4.25％.The number of new cases was 164,accounting for 2.81％ (164/5832).Age was mainly concentrated in the 40 to 60 years,accounting for 66.0％(165/250).Brucellosis infection in the livestock industry accounted for 80.87％ (4757/5882).From the regional distribution,DAMAOQI had the most detected cases,and the detection rate was 12.10％ (73/603).ConclusionsContinue to increase the brucellosis prevention knowledge propaganda,carry out brucellosis surveillance of high-risk people,quarantine,and strengthen immunity is the only measure of effective control of brucellosis epidemic.

Objective To understand the arsenic level in drinking water and the current situation in prevention and control of endemic arsenic poisoning in Tuyouqi,Baotou of Inner Mongolia.Methods Through door-to-door survey,we selected patients with arsenic poisoning in order to monitor the arsenic poisoning condition of seven villages(Gangfangying,Laohuyao,Shilaozhang,Youfangying,Wanglaosi,Dajing and Xiaojing) in Tuyouqi,Baotou in 2010,and the disease was diagnosed based on Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism(WS/T 211-2001).We also investigated the operation of Salaqi Water Company,Maodai Water Company and the Laohuyao water improvement project.We collected two samples per place in both low water period and high water period to measure water arsenic with silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometry(WS/T 28-1996).Results Three water improving projects were operating in normal conditions.Water arsenic in Salaqi Water Company and Maodai Water Company was level less than 0.01 mg/L,which met the National Safety Standards of drinking water with arsenic.Water arsenic in Laohuyao improvement project was 0.053 mg/L,which was higher than the drinking water safety standards.The seven villages in Tuyouqi had improved their water conditions.Among them,the arsenic level in Laohuyao was 0.052 mg/L,and the remaining six villages were ＜ 0.05 mg/L.There were 6 suspected cases,14 mild cases,4 moderate cases and 10 severe cases of the 2095 people monitored and no new cases found.The age of patients with arsenic poisoning was in the range of 40 to 70.Conclusions The monitoring results show that drinking water arsenic level in some villages in Tuyouqi is still excessive,but no new arsenic poisoning patients in arsenic poisoning areas are found.

It is discussed in this paper the origins and pathogenesis of treating senile disease from spleen in TCM,and the relationship between various methods of invigorating the spleen and senile deficiency syndromes.It has been proposed that the therapy principles of invigorating qi and spleen,stimulating the appetite to awake the splee,primering blood to go back to the spleen,dehumidification to activate spleen-energy,warming the kidney and spleen,dispersing the depressed liver-energy to belifit the spleen,going on dieting to belifit the spleen and clearing away heart-fire to support spleen etc.are used to prevent and cure senile diseases.It also listed the corresponding treatment prescriptions for the elderly patients.It provides a theoretical basis for treatment of senile diseases from the governance of spleen.And it provided a realistic basis and the implementation of the method for the prevention and treatment of elderly patient's deficiency aging.

Background Econazole nitrate is not effective as an antifungal eyedrop because of its poor intraocular permeability,therefore changing the formulation of econazole nitrate to improve its intraocular permeability become a critical point in the treatment of intraocular fungal infection. Objective The present study was to observe the penetration of 0.5％ econazole nitrate nanoparticles in the corneas and aqueous humors following its topicaladministration. Methods Econazole nitrate nanoparticles were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion.Characteristics and size of nanoparticles were examined with transmission electron microscope and laser scatteringmethod,respectively.Econazole nitrate nanoparticles drops (0.5％ )was topically administered in 27 New Zealandwhite rabbits bilaterally,and aqueous humor and corneas were obtained after the application of the eye drops for 5,15,30,45,60,90,120,180,240 minutes respectively to detect the concentration of econazole nitrate with highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3 p97pharmacokinetic computer software.The use of the animals followed the Regulation for the Administration of AffairsConcerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results The diameter of thenanoparticles was 50 nm with the round shape and encapsulation efficiency was 96.0％.Econazole nitrate nanoparticlesat the concentration of 0.5％ could be rapidly separated with other elements by HPLC with a lowest quantitativeconcentration of 0.1 mg/L.The mean recovery rates of econazole nitrate nanoparticles were 98.09％ in cornea and 99.66％ in aqueous humor,respectively after topical administration.The peak levels of econazole nitrate nanoparticles in cornea and aqueous humor were achieved at 5 minutes after application ( cornea:40.620 μg/g± 7.756 μg/g;aqueous humor:0.504 mg/L±0.153 mg/L),and its half-life( t1/2 )in cornea and aqueous humor was 23.5 minutes and 18.6 minutes,respectively. Conclusions Econazole nitrate nanoparticles at 0.5％ concentration can remain a feasible bioavailability in ocular tissue and therapeutic level in cornea and aqueous humor.

BACKGROUND:Due to special physiological and anatomical location, stability of the spine is very complicated during thoracolumbar fractures. It is difficult to identify the stability of the spine. It should be based on their individual circumstances, to explore more effective internal fixation repair method.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the Cobb’s angle and vertebral height of patients with thoracolumbar fracture and spinal cord compression treated with posterior laminectomy and screw fixation, and compared with anterior laminectomy.
METHODS:One hundred patients with thoracolumbar fracture and spinal cord compression, who were treated in the Panyu District Central Hospital from January 2013 to November 2014, were enroled in this study. The patients were equaly and randomly divided into posterior laminectomy fixation group and anterior laminectomy fixation group. Tactile and sports of American Spinal Injury Association scores, Cobb’s angle and vertebral height were assessed before treatment and 1 month after treatment, and fixation effects were compared between the twogroups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) No significant difference in each index was detected between the two groups preoperatively (P> 0.05). (2) Tactile and sports of American Spinal Injury Association scores, Cobb’s angle and vertebral height were better in the posterior laminectomy fixation group than in the anterior laminectomy fixation group at 1 month postoperatively (P< 0.05). (3) These findings indicated that compared with the anterior laminectomy fixation, posterior laminectomy fixation for thoracolumbar fracture combined with spinal cord compression obtained better outcomes, and could obviously relieve spinal cord compression. Posterior laminectomy fixation isasafe and effective treatment method for thoracolumbar fracture and spinal cord compression.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the bundles of treatment protocol for patients with acute brain injury (ABI) complicated by acute lung injury (ALl)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A total of 83 patients with acute brain injury complicated by ALI/ARDS were randomly divided into experimental group (n =41) and control group (n =42).The control group was treated with the routine bundle protocol while the experimental group was treated with an intensive bundle protocolin addition to the routine bundle protocol.The data was collected,and the effectiveness and safety of the two bundles of treatment protocol were evaluated.Results The results of heart rate (HR),SpO2,and PO2/FiO2 in the two groups showed significant differences before and after treatment.The improvement of PO2/FiO2 in the experimental group occurred earlier and was more significant compared tothe control group,24 hours after treatment.The mechanical ventilation time,ICU stay time,and total hospitalization time for the experimental group were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05) from the control group.The 28-day mortality and morbidity of ventilator-associated pneumonia showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05) between the two groups.Conclusion The treatment of acute brain injury complicated by ALI/ARDS by the two bundles of treatment protocol is effective.Compared to the conventional treatment bundles,the intensive treatment bundles can significantly improve oxygenation,and shorten the mechanical ventilation time required,as well as ICU and total hospital stay.

Objective To evaluate the anatomical and developmental characteristics of inner ears and establish a normalized inner ear multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT)measurement standard.Methods The raw data of 81 normal head MSCT cases were amplified and reconstructed in inner ear areas and multi-plannar reformation (MPR)was used to measure diameters of the inner ears.-test was used to inspect the difference between sides and genders,one-way analysis of variance was adopted for different age groups. Significance level α=0.05,P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results There was no statistical significance in measured values of inner ears in different age groups,genders and sides.Not all the shapes of bony semicircular canals were completely circu-lar or elliptical.In lumen,posterior semicircular canal was maximal and superior semicircular canal was minimal.In height,posterior semicircular canal was maximal and lateral semicircular canal was minimal.In width,superior semicircular canal was maximal and lateral semicircular canal was minimal.Conclusion Measurement specifications of inner ear on MSCT are initial established,main structures of inner ear can be clearly displayed by post-processing of head MSCT raw data.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of hydrocortisone sodium succinate for treatment of septic shock patients and their prognoses. Methods A prospective case control study was conducted. 49 patients with septic shock in the Department of Emergency of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were enrolled from January 2010 to January 2012,and the patients were sequentially divided into two groups,the treatment group(24 cases)and the control group(25 cases),by the difference in odd or even number. All patients in the two groups accepted the conventional treatment. The treatment group additionally received hydrocortisone sodium succinate injection 200 mg,once a day for 5 days. The levels of serum procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP)were measured in all the patients before treatment and 24 hours,72 hours and 7 days after treatment. The mortalities were compared in 14 days between the two groups. Results The levels of PCT,CRP before and 24 hours after treatment were not statistically significant different from those of pre-treatment in two groups(all P>0.05). PCT and CRP were decreased at 72 hours and 7 days after treatment in the two groups,and on the 7th day the decline was more significant, and compared with the control group,the levels of PCT and CRP in treatment group were reduced more markedly at 72 hours and on the 7th day〔PCT(μg/L):72 hours 9.73±2.10 vs. 12.36±2.56,7 days 5.33±2.05 vs. 8.76±1.78;CRP(μg/L):72 hours 69.12±13.61 vs. 109.68±16.16,7 days 20.16±9.64 vs. 42.32±13.16,all P<0.05〕. But the mortality in 14 days was not statistically significant different between control group and treatment group(52.0%vs. 45.8%,P>0.05). Conclusion The treatment with hydrocortisone sodium succinate can reduce the inflammation of patients with septic shock,thus it has clinical value in the improvement of the disease situation.

Objective To investigate the long time prognosis of liver resection or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) of Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage C(BCLC-C) patients who have portal vein tumor thrombsis.Methods Totally 86 BCLC-C patients who satisfied our including criteria from our surgical database of People's Hospital of Yichang City from January 2000 to September 2015 were selected as the research object.According to different treatment,86 patients were divided into liver resection group(n=50) and TACE group(n=36).The general information of two groups were compared.Cox multi-factors analysis and overall survival rate were calculated.ResultsThe long-term prognosis of liver resection group was better than that of TACE group(5-year OS:26% vs.0,P<0.001).Multi-factors analysis revealed that multiple tumors (HR:1.510,95%CI[1.120,2.316],P=0.020),AST>40 IU/L(HR:0.615,95%CI[0.488,1.206],P=0.013) as well as HBV-DNA>1 000(HR:1.204,95%CI:[0.920,2.540],P=0.038)were adverse factors for prognosis.ConclusionLiver resection is better than TACE for BCLC-C patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis.However,randomized controlled trial still need to be used to further confirm our conclusion.