Microsporum ferrugineum was the most common cause of tinea captis in Korea until the middle of the 1970s, but this organism has been only rarely isolated from the scalp ringworm during recent years. We report, three cases of tinea capitis occurring in a 2-year-old male, a 10 year-old female and a 5-year-old male. From all three patients, Microsporum ferrugineum was isolated.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Microsporum* ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea*

BACKGROUND: Although the wet earwax has been known to be related with the incidence of tinea versicolor, very little has been revealed on how they are correlated with each other. The incidence of Malassezia furfur, the etiological organism of tinea versicolor, and its population densities as yearst and mycelial form in the different types of earwax, the dry and the wet, have not been studied. METHODS: The type of earwax in 65 patients with tinea versicolor were classified into 2 types, dry and wet, by its appearence and the subjective complaints of the patients. The dry and wet cerumens were obtained from 142 and 49 individulas without tinea versicolor respectively. The cerumens were stained with 10% Parker ink-KOH solution. The incidence and its population densities of yeast and mycelial M. furfur in the wet cerumens were compared with those in the dry cerumens according to a new grading method using bacterial index(BI) of lepra bacilli. RESULTS: 1. Dry and wet earwax were observed in 58.5%(38 cases) and 41.5%(27 cases) of 65 patients respectively. 2. The incidence of yeast M. furfur in the dry and wet cerumens were 100% and 63.3%(31 of 49 cases) respectively, and that of mycelial M. furfur, 28.2%(40 of 142 cases) and 32.7%(16 of 49 cases) respectively. 3. The population densities(from 3+ to 6+) of yeast M. furfur in the dry and wet cerumens were ob served in 93.0%(132 of 142 cases) and 49.0%(24 of 40 cases), and those(3+) of mycelial M. furfur, 21.1%(30 of 142 cases) and 24.5%(12 of 49 cases) respectively. CONCLUSION: The incidence(41.5%) of wet earwax in tinea versicolor patients is significantly higher than that(0.8%) in The Korean control group. The ratio between the incidence of mycelial M. furfur and that of yeast M. furfur in the wet cerumens is higher than in the dry cerumens, and the ratio of population densities in the wet cerumens is also higher. These observations suggest that the skin surface conditions of the wet earwax group may be more suitable for yeast-mycelial transformation of M. furfur than those of the dry earwax group. The comparison of chemical compositions of the skin surface between dry and wet earwax groups is needed to elucidate the correlation between tinea versicolor and the types of earwax in the future.
Cerumen ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Malassezia* ; Population Density* ; Skin ; Tinea Versicolor* ; Tinea* ; Yeasts

PURPOSE: Perinatal asphyxia occurring in newborn is one of the major causes of acute mortality and chronic neurological disability in survivors. We have studied the relationship between early electroencephalography(EEG) findings and clinical course and neurologic outcome in severe asphyxiated neonates. METHODS: Between the period of July 1999 and June 2002, 25 neonates who were diagnosed with severe perinatal asphyxia(1-minute Apgar score of < or =3 and initial pH is less than 7.2) at NICU in Dongsan Medical Center were enrolled. An EEG was recorded and analyzed within three days of life and divided into two groups - group 1(normal or focal change on EEG) and group 2(generalized abnormal EEG). Between the two groups, clinical courses and neurologic outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Fifteen infants(60%) were group 1 and ten infants(40%) were group 2(polyspikes, burst- suppression, generalized low voltage). Associated maternal disease, days of hospitalization, need for ventilator support, delay of oral feeding and convulsion duration are significantly higher and longer in group 2. Also, poor neurologic outcome(expire, developmental delay) was significantly higher in group 2(60%) than group 1(13.3%). CONCLUSION: Thus, the early neonatal EEG in asphyxiated newborn can be a predictable diagnostic tool in assessment of neurologic outcome.
Apgar Score ; Asphyxia ; Electroencephalography ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mortality ; Seizures ; Survivors ; Ventilators, Mechanical

No abstract available.
Induction Chemotherapy*

No abstract available.
Femoral Fractures*

Open long bone fracture is frequently difficult to reduce and maintain, especilly when there is extensive soft tissue damage. Infection, instability, malalignment and soft tissue complication often result in prolonged mobidity or failure. The Hoffmann's apparatus have merits, that can easily correct distracted, angular or rotational deformity of fracture site during early post-operative period, and stable fixation facilitates easily to the care of soft tissue injury. In addition, the affected limb can be elevated with balanced suspension, possible early exercise of neighboring joints. But we have exerienced some problems during treatment of fracture with Hoffmann's transfixation method. From February 1980 to December 1981, Hoffmann's transfixation method was employed in treatment of twenty-one patients that considered to have a poor prognosis with conversional forms of treatment. The results were obtained as follows; 1. For correction of distracted, angular, or rotational deformity, the fracture site should be reduced accurately. 2. Hoffmann pins should be transfixed as one plane and parrallel to each other. 3. Rigidity of fixation can be increased by increasing number of pins, actually three or more pins should be applied at each fragment of fracture. 4. Hoffmann's apparatus is more complex for management, more expensive and requires skillful technique compared with other external fixation apparatus. 5. The lateral view of fracture site could not be confirmed accurately due to overlapping of Hoffmann's adjustable connecting rod and bony shadow. 6. The main cause of injuries was due to traffic accidents in 17 cases (81%), involving tibia in 18 cases, femur in 2 cases and humerus in 1 case. 7. In the sixteen cases which could be assessed, the average times for external transfixation was 13.9 weeks and then followed by early weight bearing with P.T.B. cast or brace. The average time of bony union was 26.4 weeks. 8. The final result was excellent in 7 cases, good in 5 cases, acceptable in 3 cases, poor in 1 case.
Accidents, Traffic ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Femur ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Humerus ; Joints ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

A retrospective study has been made of 784 cases of road traffic casualties who were treated at the Soon-Chun-Hyang Hospital between July 1980 and December 1981. This study was conducted to find out the nature and pattern of the traffic accident from the clinical and epidemiological standpoints. In additions, the mode of injury from the road accidents were persued which might help to reduce the misdiagnosis rate. The results obtained were as follows: l. In this survey, male dominated in numbers (casualty rate, 70%). The highest incidence was in the age group between 31–40 year (26.5%). The predominance was found in younger casualties (ages between 21–50 years, 72.1% of all casualties). 2. The large number of casualties followed the rush hours. There was a peak between 10PM to midnight. The explanation for this high incidence during the hours was the hurry-up life due to midnight crufew, pedestrian's carelessness and hurry-scurry, and the negligence of traffic rules, the poor labor conditions and weariness due to drivers long continuous working hours, especially in taxi drivers. The highest seasonal incidence was in October. 3. The high incidences were in drivers and students; the drivers were the commonest victims in car passenger accidents and students were injured by pedestrians accidents respectively. The causes of high risk of injury in drivers were intimately related with their vocational aptitudes, the employment status, the driving attitudes and car maintainances; and in students, their carelessness and emotional instability, unsolved mass transportation system and their negligence of traffic rules were listed as the causative factors. 4. Over 51.8% of all casualties were injured by passenger car accidents, and 21.5% were by truck and other types of special vehicles. 5. Approximately 60% of victims were injuried in the road as pedestrian and other 40% were in the car as passengers. In general, the pedestrian injuries were more serious than those sustained in the car as passengers. 6. About 40% of total pedestrian casualties sustained injury at pedestrian's cross road. 7. About 80%of injured drivers were in the drunken state on arrival, and 20.4% of pedestrians were also heavily drunken. 8. The trauma risk was about twice higher in the front-seated passengers than the rear-seated ones in the car. In buses, the highest incidence was in the passengers seated in the front 1/3 of the seats. 9. Orthopaedic (40.5%) and head injuries (38.2%) were the commonest types of the injuries among the hospitalized casualties; about 35% of total patients had the tibial fractures. 10. Of the 784 cases, 479(61.6%) victims arrived hospital within 30 minutes after accident, and among them only 94 cases (12%) were transported by ambulance from the accident site to the hospital.
Accidents, Traffic ; Ambulances ; Aptitude ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnostic Errors ; Employment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Malpractice ; Motor Vehicles ; Occupations ; Pedestrians ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons ; Tibial Fractures ; Transportation

A 12-year-old boy showed a slatecolored scaly patch on h; ight face for 2 months. Histopathologic findings showed basal vacuolations and dermal me arphages with only scanty lymphoid cells in the fat tissue layer. Besides the facial lesion, lesions of edematous localized erythema were noted on his right if and left buttock with similar mi rocopical findings. 6 months later the facial lesion was aggravated like a cellulitis, of which thc bevpsy findings were consistent with mycosis fungoides. The patient received chemotherapy aftei the diagonsis for one month before his termination. Because of the rarity of mycosis fungoides in childhood age and its un common cutaneous lesions, the case is reported.
Buttocks ; Cellulitis ; Child ; Dronabinol ; Drug Therapy ; Erythema ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; United Nations

The ten cases of metallic failure after I-M nailing & plate fixation who were treated at depart tment of orthopaedic surgery, Soon Chun Hyang University during nine years from June, 1974 to May, 1983 were clinically analysed. The survey as summerized as follows: l. Of the ten cases, six cases were seen the breakage of plate, two cases were the loosening of screw, one case was the brakage of nail & one case was the angulation of nail. Of the six cases of plates, two cases were DCP, three cases were ordinary plate & one case was Thornton plate. 2. Of the six cases who metallic failure occurred as plate failure, five cases were the femur fractures, one case was the tibia fracture. All case who metallic failure occurred as nail failure were ferumr fractures. Of the two cases of screw loosening, one case was the fermur fracture. One case was the tibia fracture. 3. The average interval between operation and metallic failure. 1) The plate breakage was 6.3 months. 2) The screw loosening was 7 months. 3) The nail breakage was 6 months. 4) The nail angulation was 8 months. 4. The causes of failure after internal fixation. 1) The causes of plate breakage.
Femur ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Internal Fixators ; Overweight ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Orientia tsutsugamushi* ; Rickettsia* ; Ulsan*