Microbial lipases have been widely used in traditional industries,as well as in emerging biocatalysed areas owing to their ability to catalyze a variety of reactions in aqueous and non-aqueous media.Therefore,it is very important to enhance amount of lipase production by recombinant overexpression for meeting market demand.A critical review of main and novel strategies which have been employed for recombinant expression of microbial lipases are presented,including codon optimization,fusion and co-expression,dual expression system based on hybrid promoters,homologous overexpression,cell surface displaying and high-throughput screening based on gene library of expression.These new technologies are gradually coming to the forefront in the recombinant expression of lipase,especially for cell surface displaying and high-throughput screening based on gene library of expression.Meanwhile,several recombinant expressions for representative microbial lipases were also introduced and discussed,which are available for consultation when attempting to overexpress any lipases by scientists and industrialists.

No abstract available.
Rectal Prolapse*

The fermentation conditions of lipase production by Geotrichum candidum Y162 were optimized. Initially, the most suitable carbon olive oil, nitrogen source soybean flour and NH4Cl, salt BaCl2 and MgCl2 were selected according to single factorial experiments respectively. Based on the result, screening methodology Plackett-Burman design was used to evaluate the effects of twelve factors related to lipase production and three statistically significant factors olive oil, BaCl2 and NH4Cl were selected. The path of steepest ascent was used to approach the optimal region of lipase production subsequently. Then, the optimal combined concentration for maximum enzyme activity were further optimized by response surface methodology and determined as follows: olive oil 2.35%, BaCl2 0.36%,and NH4Cl 4.69%.The optimization of culture conditions of G.candidum Y162 led to a 2.25-fold increase in lipase production relative to initial result 14.16 U/ml, which indicate that single factor in combination with response surface methodology is an effective method for optimization of lipase production conditions by G.candidum Y162.

Objective To study the effect of recombinant human growth hormone(rhgh) on the expressions of tumor necrosis factor a(TNFa) and endotoxemia in murine experimental obstructive jaundice(OJ) models.Methods Sixty adult male wistar rats.were randomly divided into three groups A: sham operation group(SO),20;B:OJ group,20;C: OJ+rhGH group,20.The rats in group OJ and OJ+rhGH suffered from bile duct ligation,while the SO group did not.Two weeks later,rats in OJ+rhGH group were injected with rhGH subcutaneously once a day.The dose was 0.75 Iu/kg.The other two groups were injected with the same amount of saline.The endotoxin(ETX),the liver function and TNFa were detected four weeks later.Result The level of ETX(0.036?0.010EU/m1) and TNFa(182.00?88.37lpg/ml) in OJ+rhGH were much lower than those in OJ group(0.065?0.011EU/m1 P

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis is a very rare skin disease, which usually is present at birth. The lesion shows groups of asymptomatic soft papules or nodules, which have a smooth or folded surface and are skin colored or yellowish. The area of predilection is the pelvic girdle (especially the buttock and sacrococcygeal areas). Microscopically, nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis reveals groups of etopic fat cell nests within the dermis. Only one case was reported in Korea(1969). The authors observed a case of typical nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis. The patient was 19 year-old male, who ha,ve had asymptomatic soft papules and nodules on the buttock, lower back and scalp since 14 years of his age. Routine laboratory findings were within normal limit. Histopathological findings showed etopic fat cell nests within mid and lower dermis (Fig. 3) Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and histopathological findings. Litercature was briefly reviewed for the discussion.
Adipocytes ; Buttocks ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Nevus* ; Parturition ; Scalp ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Maxillary Sinus*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Lung*

Objective To observe the efficacy of Wuteng Ercao decoction in treating active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its effects on the levels of cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Methods Sixty-five patients with active RA were randomly divided into treatment group (33 cases) and control group (32 cases). Patients in the control group were administered with methotrexate tablets 10 mg, oral taking, once a week;hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets 200 mg, oral taking, twice a day;diclofenac sodium sustained release tablets 75 mg, oral taking, twice a day. Patients in the treatment group were administered with Wuteng Ercao decoction additionally, oral taking, three times a day. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. The changes and untoward effects of various clinical and laboratory indicators were observed before and after treatment.Results After treatment, the tender joint count, swollen joint count, patient’s global assessment, and physician’s global assessment were improved (P<0.05), with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). The levels of ESR, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05), but those were more significantly in treatment group (P<0.05). There were 2 cases with untoward effects in the treatment group and 1 case in the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion Wuteng Ercao decoction is effective in patients with active RA and it can reduce the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.

Objective To explore the impacts of preeclampsia and the different extent of proteinuria on maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted according to the perinatal clinical data of preelacmpsia,pregnancy-induced hypertension in pregnant women and normal pregnant women from the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai,excluding twins,diabetic mellitus and patients with chronic kidney disease previously.Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of their conditions:① preeclampsia patients (A group,220 cases); ② patients with gestational hypertension (B group,189 cases); ③ normal pregnant (C group,220 cases).Patients with pre-eclampsia according to the degree of proteinuria were further divided into three subgroups:A1:patients with mild proteinuria (n =109); A2:patients with moderate proteinuria (n =72); A3:patients with severe proteinuria (n =39).Results Compared with the other two groups,the patients in A group had higher blood pressure,serum creatinine,uric acid,cesarean section rate,perinatal prematurity,stillbirth,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia in preeclampsia group.However,the serum albumin level,eGFR,neonatal birth weight,length and Apgar scores were lower in A group compared with B and C group (P ＜ 0.05).In three subgroups,serum creatinine level,uric acid level,cesarean section rate,perinatal prematurity and fetal distress were significantly increased in A3 group compared with A1 group,while the serum albumin level,eGFR,gestational age and neonatal birth weight were obviously lower in A3 group than in A1 group (P ＜ 0.05).In patients with preeclampsia,24 h urinary protein was negatively related with the levels of serum albumin and eGFR (P ＜ 0.05),and positivly related with the blood pressure,serum creatinine and caesarean production rate (P ＜ 0.05).Large amounts of proteinuria was a risk factor of adverse outcome for pregnant patients with preeclampsia (OR =2.899,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Preeclampsia patients with large amount of proteinuria have poor maternal and perinatal outcomes.Massive proteinuria is a risk factor of adverse outcome for patients with pre-eclampsia.