Objective To evaluate whether the patients with Parkinson′s Disease (PD) having higher occurrence rate of frac-ture .Methods CMB ,CNKI ,PubMed ,Embase ,Web of Science ,Medline ,Embase and Cochrane Library were retrieved ,meanwhile which was assisted by the manual retrieval .The retrieval time was until February 2017 .The cohort studies on the occurrence rate of fracture in PD patients were collected .Then the included studies were analyzed after the data extraction and treatment evaluation . Results A total of 1160 articles were retrieved ,finally 11 cohort studies were included ,involving 988723 subjects .The analysis showed that the fracture occurrence risk in PD patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .09 ,95% CI:1 .91-2 .28) ,in which the occurrence rate of hip fracture was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .33 ,95%CI:1 .79-3 .02) ,while the occurrence rate of spinal fracture had no statistical difference (RR=1 .33 ,95% CI:0 .78-2 .27) ,and the fracture occurrence risk in male and female patients of PD group was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .40 , 1 .69 ,95% CI:2 .21-2 .60 ,1 .62-1 .76) .Conclusion The fracture occurrence risk in PD patients is significantly higher than that in the control group ,due to existence of certain geographic bias and publication bias risk ,it is needed more high quality clinical stud-ies to accurately evaluate whether the fracture risk in PD patients being much higher .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant Chinese women.

METHODSA nested case-control study was conducted. Clinical and biochemical data were analyzed for 200 subjects with GDM and 200 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

RESULTSThe median (interquartile range) serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels were 22.39 (17.67, 29.38) and 25.86 (19.09, 34.88) nmol/L in the GDM and NGT groups, respectively. Rates of 25OHD deficiency or insufficiency were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the NGT group. Subjects with 25OHD levels <25 nmol/L had a 1.8-fold higher risk of GDM compared with subjects with higher vitamin D levels. In the GDM group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with HbA1c and insulin resistance after adjusting for confounding factors. In the NGT group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with fasting plasma glucose and systolic blood pressure after adjusting for maternal age and other confounding factors.

CONCLUSION25OHD insufficiency is very common in Chinese women. Low 25OHD status may be associated with insulin resistance and act as a risk factor for GDM.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Diabetes, Gestational ; blood ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Vitamin D ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; blood ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo establish the determination method for complanatoside A in seeds of Astragalus complanatus.

METHODAn HPLC method has been developed to separate complanatoside A on ZORBAX EXTEND-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column with acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid (20:80:0.2) as mobile phase and UV detection at 267 nm.

RESULTThe good linearity of complanatoside A ranged 0.086-0.430 microg, r = 0.9999. An average recovery of 99.8% (n = 5) was obtained with a RSD of 1.0%.

CONCLUSIONThe established method is proved to be stability, fast, accurate and can be used for quantification of Complanatoside A in Semen Astragali Complanati.

Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Flavonols ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) on patients with extensive stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

METHODSOne hundred and fifty-four patients with extensive stage SCLC treated in our department between January 2003 and December 2006 were enrolled in this study. Eighty nine patients received chemotherapy and thoracic radiation therapy (ChT/TRT), and 65 patients were treated with chemotherapy alone (ChT without TRT). The chemotherapy was CE (carboplatin and etoposide), PE (cisplatin and etoposide) or CAO (CTX, ADM and VCR) regimens. The total dose of thoracic irradiation was 40-60 Gy with 1.8 - 2.0 Gy per fraction.

RESULTSFor the whole group, the median survival time (MST) was 13.7 months, the 2-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 27.9% and 8.1%, respectively. The MST, overall survival rates at 2 years and 5 years in the ChT/TRT group and ChT without TRT group were 17.2 months, 36.0%, 10.1% and 9.3 months, 16.9%, 4.6%, respectively (P = 0.001). The median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 8.0 months, the 2-year and 5-year PFS were 13.6% and 8.2%, respectively. The median PFS, 2-year and 5-year PFS in the ChT/TRT group and ChT without TRT group were 10.0 months, 17.4%, 10.5% and 6.2 months, 9.8%, 4.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). The incidence of intra-thoracic local failure was 29.6% in the ChT/TRT group and 70.0% in the ChT/without TRT group (P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSChemotherapy plus thoracic radiation therapy can improve the overall survival, progress free survival and reduce local regional failure rate in patients with extensive stage SCLC compared with that by chemotherapy alone.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carboplatin ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Prognosis ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Survival Rate

AIMTo study the metabolic pathways of ginsenoside Rd in rats.

METHODSUrine samples were collected before and after 24 h of single oral administration of 150 mg and intravenous administration of 60 mg of ginsenoside Rd to six rats, separately. The samples were purified by SPE column and then were analyzed by liquid chromatography-ESI-mass spectrometry for putative metabolites.

RESULTSParent drug and its seven metabolites were identified in rat urine based on comparing total ion chromatograms of the blank with the metalolic urine as well as mass spectra. Its main metabolic pathways and possible structures are elucidated.

CONCLUSIONOxidation, combination and deglucosylation were found to be the major metabolic pathway of ginsenoside Rd in rats.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ginsenosides ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; urine ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the potential risk factors of human infecting with Streptococcus suis.

METHODS1: M matched case-control study was conducted. 29 human cases of Streptococcus suis infection in the early phase were included in the case group, Patients' family members, neighbors and peoples who had worked together with patients to handle deceased or sick pigs in the last week were recruited as matched controls. There were 147 controls in total. Both cases and controls received questionnaire investigation including the ways to contact sick/dead pigs. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze matching data.

RESULTSAccording to the results of multivariate analysis, slaughtering (OR = 11.978, 95% CI: 3.355-42.756), carcasses cutting and processing (OR = 3.008, 95% CI: 1.022-8.849) sick/dead pigs were associated with cases related to human Streptococcus suis infection. The attributable risk proportion were 91.65% and 66.76% respectively. The other types of exposures to sick/ dead pigs, including feeding, selling, burying and eating, were not associated with the human Streptococcus suis infection in our study population.

CONCLUSIONSlaughtering, carcasses cutting and processing sick/dead pigs were important risky behavior for humans to be infected by Streptococcus suis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo describe the clinical and epidemiological features of dead cases with human Streptococcus suis infections, and to find the target population for preventing death and the related indicators.

METHODSEpidemiological investigation on human Streptococcus suis infections was implemented used unified questionnaires. Analysis on dead cases and survival cases (as contrast) was done.

RESULTSThe population with highest fatality rate was in 40-49 age group. 97.37% of dead cases had toxic shock syndrome. The mean interval from onset to admission was 0.76 days, and the mean course was 2.11 days. The progression among dead cases was faster than that among survival cases. Chief clinical manifestations of dead cases that are more frequent than survival cases are purpura (73.68%), diarrhea (50.0%), dyspnea (21.05%), conjunctival congestion (34.21%), etc. Renal impairment and liver involvement in dead cases were more significant than that in survival cases. No significant difference between mean incubation period, exposure rates of main risk factors in dead cases and in survival cases was found.

CONCLUSIONPreventing toxic shock syndrome might reduce the fatality rate. The target population for preventing death is aged > or = 40. Liver function and renal function testing might be indicators for monitoring the progression of human Streptococcus suis infections.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Streptococcal Infections ; blood ; microbiology ; mortality ; pathology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between survival and postoperative three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSEighty-four patients were treated with surgery and postoperative 3DCRT for NSCLC. Sixty-five (77.4%) patients received lobectomy, and 19 (22.6%) received pneumonectomy. Fifty-four (64.3%) patients achieved R0 resection and 30 cases (35.8%) received R1/R2 resection. Fifty-two patients were of stage IIIA and 24 patients were of stage IIIB. Photon energy of 6 MV was used for all the patients. The median 3DCRT dose was 60 Gy (40 - 70 Gy) with a fraction size of 2 Gy. Thirty-seven patients received median 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 35.5 months for survivors.

RESULTSThe overall 3-year survival rate was 58.6%, and the 4-year overall survival rate was 43.9%. Of the 43 patients who had treatment failure, only 8 (9.9%) patients showed intrathoracic recurrence, but 38 (46.9%) patients had distant metastasis. The univariate analysis for all patients showed that sex, age, weight loss, tumor size, pathology and stage were not correlated with prognosis. R1/R2 resection was associated with a significantly worse survival. Toxicities were acceptable, with 9 (11.1%) patients appeared higher than NCI CTC grade 2 radiation pneumonitis.

CONCLUSIONIn a population-based cohort, postoperative 3DCRT for NSCLC provides a good prognosis, and the radiation-related pneumonitis is acceptable.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; etiology ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Radiotherapy, High-Energy ; adverse effects ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo compare the treatment results of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and conventional radiotherapy (2D) for patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSFive hundred and twenty seven patients with stage III NSCLC treated between Jan 2000 and Dec 2006 were included in this study. Among them, 253 cases were treated with 3D-CRT, and 274 with conventional radiotherapy. In the 3D group, 159 (62.8%) patients received chemoradiotherapy, 77 with total radiotherapy dose of > 60 Gy, 49 with 50 - 60 Gy. In the 2D group, 127 (46.4%) patients received chemoradiotherapy, 48 with total radiotherapy dose of > 60 Gy, 75 with 50 - 60 Gy.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates (OS) and median survival time for patients treated with 3D-CRT were 73.3%, 26.1%, 14.4% and 20.1 months, respectively, and that of patients treated with 2D radiotherapy were 61.0%, 13.8%, 8.0% and 15.6 months, respectively (P = 0.002). The 1-, 3-, 5-year cause-specific survival rates (CSS) were 79.0%, 33.3%, and 20.8% for the 3D group and 65.1%, 16.7%, 11.2%, respectively, for the 2D group (P = 0.000). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year locoregional control rates were 71.6%, 34.3% and 31.0% for patients treated with 3D radiotherapy and 57.3%, 22.1% and 19.2%, respectively, for patients treated with 2D treatment (P = 0.002). The results of multivariate analysis showed that 3D-CRT, KPS, clinical tumor response and pretreatment hemoglobin level were independently associated with increased OS and CSS. No statistically significant differences were found between the radiation complications in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of our study demonstrate that 3D-conformal radiotherapy improves the survival rate in patients with stage III NSCLC compared with that of 2D radiation therapy.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; etiology ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Survival Rate