No abstract available.
Anthrax*

OBJECTIVE: The effects on spermatogenesis by expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Testicular specimens were obtained from 40 infertile males due to primary testicular failure and from 10 fertile males with other urologic problems. The specimens of infertile males were devided into 4 groups according to histologic findings; Sertoli cell only syndrome (A), maturation arrest (B), hypospermatogenesis (C) and sloughing and disorganization (D). VEGF and ET-1 expression were detected with immunohistochemical stain. RESULTS: VEGF expression on Leydig cell was detected in all cases. But, VEGF expression rates on germ cell were significantly higher in infertile group B, C, D compared to that of the control group (p<0.05). ET-1 expression rates on Leydig cell was significantly lower in all infertile group compared to that of the control group (p<0.05). But, ET-1 expression rates on Sertoli cell was significantly higher in all infertile group compared to that of the control group (p>0.05). In germ cell of infertile group, LH, FSH and prolactin were significantly decreased, and estradiol is increased in positive stain group on ET-1 immunohistochemical stain (p<0.05). VEGF and ET-1 expression were not correlated mean seminiferous tubule diameter (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal spermatogenesis would be reflected in VEGF expression in germ cell.
Endothelin-1* ; Estradiol ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; Prolactin ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

BACKGROUND: Some research viewed that effective dietary therapy was enough to control proper blood glucose level, but in the most patient, dietary therapy was not practiced and the most difficult part of managing their diabetes. The purpose of this research study was to investigate dietary practice adherence and perceived barriers among the elderly diabetes. METHODS: The survey was mailed to 852 persons with diabetes member via diabetic educator of 156 hospitals or clinics and 24 health centers. Questionnaire had background information of patients, meal regularity, food intake as a dietary practice adherence, barriers of 36 items which have 3 areas such as motive/attitude, knowledge, authority/resource. We asked the person with diabetes to rate barrier to dietary practice adherence. 432 questionnaire were returned the response. we selected 69 persons who were over 65 year old. RESULTS: 1) meal regularity was more satisfactory than food intake. 2) deficit of meal regularity were evening snack and resonable spacing between evening meal and evening snack. 3) deficit of food intake was serving of milk. 4) main barrier to dietary practice adherence was that of knowledge. CONCLUSION: For practice effectively dietary therapy to elderly diabetes, individual consultation or small group education must be pursued and more easily educational skills should be required.
Aged* ; Blood Glucose ; Eating ; Education ; Humans ; Meals ; Milk ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Snacks

Dentocutaneous fistula of the face neck is an infrequent manifestation of chronic dental infection. A periapical dental abscess may be initiated by disease, trauma, or thermal or chemical injury and develops into an extensive necrosis of surrounding tissue. Diagnostic errors can result in multiple excision, biopsies, and ineffective long-term antibiotic therapy. Awarness that periapical dental abscess is the most common etilolgic factor of cutaneous sinus tracts involves the face & neck will facilitate their early diagnosis and prevent needless treatment or anxiety for the patient. From 1994 to 1998, we have performed 6 cases of dentocutaneous fistula. Among of them, three were men and the others were women, age ranged from 18 to 66-year-old, and morbidity period was from 3 weeks to 3 years, the follow-up period ranged from 5 to 18 months (mean period 11 months). In conclusion, an understanding of the pathogenesis of cutaneous fistulae arising from dental infections will lead to proper early diagnosis and treatment without unnecessary surgery.
Abscess ; Aged ; Anxiety ; Biopsy ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Diagnostic Errors ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fistula* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Unnecessary Procedures

PURPOSE: Many articles have proposed that osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is caused by fat embolism or intravascular coagulation linked to hyperlipidemia. To determine whether hyperlipidemia is an associated factor for ONFH, serum lipid levels were measured. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nighty-eight patients presenting with ONFH and 110 controls were investigated. We compared the average value of serum lipid levels and the incidence of hyperlipidemia of the two groups. RESULTS: ONFH group showed generalized increase in lipid level and statistically significant difference in the average value of total cholesterol (P=0.0001), HDL-cholesterol (P=0.0261) and phospholipid (P=0.0465) compared with the control. The incidence of hyperlipidemia of the two groups showed statistically significant difference in HDL-cholesterol (P=0.019) and triglyceride (P=0.024). CONCLUSION: Hyperlipidemia seems to be associated with pathogenesis of ONFH. We speculated that hyperlipidemia might be a contributing factor of ONFH. Hyperlipidemia may play a role as a triggering factor in the pathogenetic process that results in osteonecrosis. However, it can not be ruled out that secondary hyperlipidemia might be a finding following ONFH.
Cholesterol ; Embolism, Fat ; Head* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Incidence ; Osteonecrosis* ; Triglycerides

Background: Onychomycosis, a common fungal nail infection, particularly affects the elderly. The diagnostic accuracy of a potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear, a primary diagnostic method, can vary based on the examiner’s proficiency. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of KOH smears in a real-world setting and the influence of clinical and practical factors on onychomycosis. Methods: This study included 381 patients who underwent KOH smear and histopathological staining for nail diseases at Seoul National University Hospital between March 2020 and February 2023. The study evaluated the diagnostic utility of the KOH smear, including its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic odds ratio. We investigated the influence of factors such as training duration of examiners, prior history of antifungal treatment, and lesion location on diagnostic utility. Results: Of the 381 patients, 139 were male (36.5%) and 242 were female (63.5%). Onychomycosis was the most common diagnosis (59.3%), with 34.1% of patients reporting prior antifungal therapy within the past 6 months. The sensitivity of the monthly KOH smear varied from 16.7% to 70.0% with an annual sensitivity of 48.1%. The specificity ranged from 83.3% to 100.0%, with an annual specificity of 90.3%. While prior antifungal therapy decreased the sensitivity and specificity, no statistical significance was observed. Examiner's experience, measured by training duration, was not associated with sensitivity or specificity. Among patients with a history of antifungal treatment, an increasing number of KOH smear tests showed reduced sensitivity. Conclusion Variations in the diagnostic utility of the KOH smear test, influenced by various factors, highlight the necessity for cautious interpretation in clinical settings.

Osteochondroma is one of the most common benign tumors of the axial skeleton, but is rarely found in the facial bones and extremely rare in mandibular condyle. The clinical signs and symptoms of osteochondroma of mandibular condyle may resemble those seen in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Condylectomy have been the first choice for treatment of osteochondroma, but it may be with some complicaitons, loss of condylar vertical height, etc. A 57 years old female patient who had an osteochondroma on left mandibular condyle visited to our clinic. We did surgically remove the mass with favorable result, so we present the case with review of literatures.
Facial Bones ; Female ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; Osteochondroma ; Skeleton ; Temporomandibular Joint

Herpes zoster is a viral infection caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, an infection most commonly affecting the thoracolumbar trunk. Herpes Zoster Infection (HZI) may affect the cranial nerves, most frequently the trigeminal. HZI of the trigeminal nerve distribution network manifests as multiple, painful vesicular eruptions of the skin and mucosa which are innervated by the infected nerves. Oral vesicles usually appear after the skin manifestations. The vesicles rupture and coalesce, leaving mucosal erosions without subsequent scarring in most cases. The worst complication of HZI is post-herpetic neuralgia; other complications include facial scarring, motor nerve palsy and optic neuropathy. Osteonecrosis with spontaneous exfoliation of the teeth is an uncommon complication associated with HZI of the trigeminal nerve. We report several cases of osteomyelitis appearing on the mandible, caused by HZI, and triggering osteonecrosis or spontaneous tooth exfoliation.
Cicatrix ; Cranial Nerves ; Herpes Zoster ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Mandible ; Mucous Membrane ; Necrosis ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Osteomyelitis ; Osteonecrosis ; Paralysis ; Rupture ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Tooth ; Tooth Exfoliation ; Trigeminal Nerve

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (ARI) administration on the operative results of photoselective vaporization of prostate with 120W GreenLight HPS laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected from 98 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients who underwent transurethral electrovaporization of prostate by 120W Greenlight HPS laser between Jan. 2010 and Dec. 2010. We compared the time of operation, the energy required in lasering, postoperative maximum uroflow velocity, change in residual urine volume and complications between 5-ARI administrating group and control group. RESULTS: 56 patients administrated 5-ARI at least 3 months before surgery. 30 and 26 patients administrated finasteride and dutasteride, respectively. Mean follow up period was 4.1+/-1.8 months. Mean age of the subjects and mean prostate volume were not different. Mean change of postoperative hemoglobin, lasing time and energy required in lasering were greater in 5-ARI administrating group. There were 3 and 1 cases of acute urinary retension in 5-ARI administrating group and control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The mean change of hemoglobin and mean energy required in lasering were greater and mean lasing time was longer in the patients who administrated 5-ARI before photoselective vaporization of prostate by 120W Greenlight HPS laser. Further investigation and extensive study will be needed to confirm these results.
5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors ; Azasteroids ; Finasteride ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Oxidoreductases ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Volatilization ; Dutasteride

No abstract available.
Transplants