PURPOSE: We examined the association between thyroid hormone and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 5,708 middle aged men were included. LUTS/BPH were assessed using the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), total prostate volume (TPV), maximal flow rate (Qmax), and a full metabolic workup. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay. We divided participants into quartiles based on their TSH and FT4 levels: first to fourth quartile (Q1–Q4). RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the percentage of men with IPSS>7, Qmax<10 mL/s, and TPV≥30 mL with increase of FT4 quartile. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for TPV≥30 mL and IPSS>7 were significantly different between FT4 quartile groups (ORs; [5–95 percentile interval], p; TPV≥30 mL, Q1: 0.000 [references]; Q2: 1.140 [0.911–1.361], p=0.291; Q3: 1.260 [1.030–1.541], p=0.025; Q4: 1.367 [1.122–1.665], p=0.002; IPSS>7: Q1: 0.000 [references]; Q2: 0.969 [0.836–1.123], p=0.677; Q3: 1.123 [0.965–1.308], p=0.133; Q4: 1.221 [1.049–1.420], p=0.010). In men with above median levels of testosterone, the FT4 correlated positively with TPV, even after adjusting for confounders. However, the FT4 was not correlated with TPV in men with below median levels of testosterone. TSH was not related to LUTS/BPH measurements. CONCLUSIONS: TPV, IPSS, and Qmax were significantly related to FT4. TPV and IPSS were significantly and independently related to FT4. Additionally, the relationship between FT4 and TPV was distinct when testosterone levels are high.
Humans ; Immunoassay ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Luminescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Testosterone ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine ; Urinary Tract ; Urologic Diseases

Management of the bulbous nasal tip with inadequate projection and drooping is challenging aesthetic plastic surgery. The bulbous nasal tip is influenced by several factors; 1) thick, non-elastic oily skin, 2) soft tissue bulkiness due to supratip fibrous fatty tissue, and 3) a wide intercrural angle or increased interdormal distance. Another common factor among caucasians, hypertrophic alar cartilage, is seen less in orientals. These variable factors can be corrected with various surgical maneuvers for proper tip projection and refined alar shape. All these procedures are performed through open rhinoplasty incision. The fibromuscular fatty tissue on the nasal tip is resected with subdermal tangential excision without violating the detmal blood supply. The proximal part of the lateral crus, dome and the part of medial crus which was isolated from the skin and nasal mucosa are replaced and plicated in midline in the role of a new columellar strut and skeletal support. If more skeletal supports are desired, the new columellar is reinforced with a silicone strut and conchal cartilage onlay grafts are applied. And for lengthening of the columella, a V-Y advancement incision on the columellar base with open rhinoplasty is applied. The pressure splint on the upper third of the columella and nasal tip is applied on the 7th postoperative day and maintained for two months. All procedures are focused on the preservation of catilaginous integrity and in providing skeletal support. We performed nasal tip plasty on the bulbous nasal tip and its simple technique and predictability resulted in improved nasal tip projection and contour.
Adipose Tissue ; Cartilage ; Inlays ; Nasal Mucosa ; Rhinoplasty ; Silicones ; Skin ; Splints ; Surgery, Plastic ; Transplants

No Abstract Available.
Hemangioma*

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

Injectable Collagen Implan, is composed of purified bovine dermal collagen emulsified in saline and lidocaine(0.3%) base, and has been promoted for correction of soft tissue contour defects. Although collagen is a relatively nontoxic, nonimmunologic and biolegically nonreactive biomaterial, some side reactions have been reported. We report herein a case of cutaneous side reaction to collagen implantation in a 38-year-old female. The patient presented with puritic, irritating, multiple, erythematous nodules on both the temporal and interorbital area, which had been observed since 1 day after collagen(KOKEN ATELOCOLLA-GEN IMPLANT-Japan) implantation. Histopathologic findings showed dense infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells in the dermis, especially the perivascular and periadnexal area.
Adult ; Collagen* ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans

Multiple, reticulated, dark brown colored, macules and patches suddenly developed on the fac, and neck of a 48-year-old Korean woman two days after a traffic accident. On physical examination and laboratory tests including serum melanocyte-stimulating hormone, estrogen and progesterone level, no abnormalities were found except cervical pain. Histological examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained sections revealed increased melanin pigmentation in the basal layer, but the number of melanocytes was not changed in DOPA stained section. Topical application of 2% hydroquinone and 20% azelaic acid ointments had been applied successively for two months each without any apparent improvement. Herein we present a case of reticulate hyperpigmentation on the face and neck, which is very acute and whose causative factors are not certain.
Accidents, Traffic ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain ; Neck* ; Ointments ; Physical Examination ; Pigmentation ; Progesterone

The authors studied the plasma cholesterol levels in 39 rats (Sprague-Dawley) after 4 weeks administration of etretinate and/or fish oil. The study groups were as follows.'13 rats recieved etretinate only;13, fish oil only;13, both ertetinate and fish oil. Cholesterol levels were determined by standard enzymatic methodology. The results were as follows. Tot,al-cholesterol levels in rats following administration of ertetinate only were increased(p<0.05), but the levels in rats receiving fish oil only and both etretinate and fish oil were markedly decreased(p<0.01). HDL-cholesterol levels in rats following administration of fish oil and both etretinate and fish oil were decreased(p<0.01). The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total-cholesterol in rats receiving fish oil only and both etretinate and fish oil were increased(p<0.05) because of markedly decreased total-cholesterol levels.
Acitretin* ; Animals ; Cholesterol* ; Etretinate* ; Plasma* ; Rats*

Tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was induced by feeding of different DNCB doses in mice. A total of 40 mice were divided into 4 groups(control group, 6 mg feeding group, 10 mg feeding group, 14 mg feeding group) in experiment I, Degree of tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was rneasured by incremert rate of ear swelling after challenge with DNFB. Experiment 2 was performed in the same method of cxperiment: I with addition of 3 mg DNCB feeding group. The increment ratee were significantly decreased in DNCB feeding groups in experirnent 1 and 2(p<0.0l). But there were no differences statisticalIy between increment rates of DNCB feeding groups.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dinitrochlorobenzene* ; Dinitrofluorobenzene ; Ear ; Mice*

In femorsl neck fracture, viability of the femoral head depends on the revascularization of the femoral head. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of early fixation and anatomical reduction by measuring the Tc-99m-MDP uptake ratio of the femoral head in experimental animsls. Femoral neck region of 20 mature rabbits were osteotomized completely and divided into 2 groups ; each group consisted of 10 rsbbits. Group 1 had two Kirschner wire fixation after osteotomy and anatomic reduction. Group 2 had no fixation after osteotomy. The uptake ratio of Tc-99m-MDP of the femoral head in each group were measured st the intervals of 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks, respectively. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. In experimental group 1, the mean uptake ratio of the femoral head was 0.72±0.13 at 1 day after operation, increased to a level of 1.44±0.14 at 1 week, increased to a maximal value of 2. 90±0.36 at 3 weeks and decreased to a level of 1.10+0.12 at 4 weeks. 2. In experimental group 2, the mean uptake ratio of the femoral head was 0.70±0.10 at 1 day, 0.64±0.13 at 1 week, decreased to a maximal value of 0.33±0.05 at 3 weeks and 0.47±0.05 at 4 weeks, showing decreased level below 1.0. The results suggest that early anatomicsl reduction and rigid fixation of femoral neck fracture is helpful for revascularization of the femoral head and prevention of non union.
Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Neck ; Osteotomy ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Gangwon-do* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver* ; Prevalence*