Many authors asserted that the incidence of sexually transmitted disease, especially syphilis, increased recently. We examined the annual reactive rate of VDRL test in 23,886 persons who took a medical check-up for employment from March, 1978 to August, 1981 and the snnual rate of condyloma acuminatum among 91,334 dermatologic outpatients from 1976 to 1980 to estimate the recent trend in sexually transmitted disease. The overall reactive rate of VDRL test was 1.40% and the annual reactive rate is l.85% in 1978, 1.31% in 1979, 0.92% in 1980 and 4.87% in 1981. The biologic false positive rate of VDRL test was 17.5% among 126 patients in whom TPHA test was done, using TPHA test as standard. The overall rate of condyloma acuminatum patients was 0.16% and the annual rate was 0.13% in 1976, 0.21% in 1977, 0.16% in 1978, 0.15% in 1979 and 0.17% in 1980.
Employment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Outpatients ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Syphilis*

PURPOSE: Primary bone tumors of hindfoot are uncommon compared with other locations, and there have been few large-group studies. This study was designed to analyze the characteristics and the clinical results of the primary bone tumors of hindfoot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five cases in 44 patients who have been diagnosed from 1989 to 2011 were reviewed. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and images. RESULTS: Twenty six cases were male and 18 cases were female. Mean follow-up period was 33.1 months and mean age was 25.1 years. Forty four cases were benign and 1 case was malignant. Thirty six cases occurred in calcaneus and 9 cases were in talus. The most common benign bone tumor was simple bone cyst (20 cases), followed by intraosseous lipoma (12 cases), and chondroblastoma (4 cases). In calcaneus, there were 18 cases of simple bone cyst, and 12 cases of intrasosseous lipoma. In talus, there were 3 cases of chondroblastoma, 2 cases of simple bone cyst, and 2 cases of intraossesous ganglion. Many patients with hindfoot bone tumors presented with pain, but some were found accidentally. Patients received surgical procedures, such as curettage and bone graft, open reduction and internal fixation, tumor resection, and below knee amputation. CONCLUSION: Primary bone tumors of hindfoot are rare and can be misdiagnosed as ankle sprain or contusion. Although most are benign, malignant tumors cannot be ruled out, so early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important.
Animals ; Ankle ; Bone Cysts ; Calcaneus ; Chondroblastoma ; Contusions ; Curettage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Knee ; Lipoma ; Male ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Sprains and Strains ; Talus ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Carbon Disulfide* ; Carbon* ; Humans ; Poisoning*

PURPOSE: To cmpare the clinical results of complex tibial plateau fractures treated by hybrid external fixation and dual plate fixation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied forty patients with Schatzker type V and VI fractures respectively and selected twenty seven patients who were followed at least one year between January 2000 and December 2005. We evaluated the clinical results in which fourteen fractures with hybrid external fixation were compared with thirteen fractures with dual plate fixation. The clinical results were evaluated according to Knee Society Clinical Rating System and the statistical analysis was performed by Student t-test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in terms of bone union time (average union time: dual plate fixation 13.8 weeks, hybrid external fixation 14.2 weeks). The quality of osseous reduction was superior in the fractures with dual plate fixation than those with hybrid external fixation. There were significant differences in functional score (average functional score: dual plate fixation 73, hybrid external fixation 62), but not in average knee score. CONCLUSION: The hybrid external fixation can be a useful modality for treatment of complex proximal tibial plateau fractures. But the good quality of the fracture reduction by dual plate fixation may be a indicator for favorable prognosis for satisfactory knee function.
Chimera ; External Fixators ; Humans ; Knee ; Prognosis

Infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation is relatively infrequent cardiovascular developmental anomaly occurring both in association with congenital heart disease and as an isolated anomaly of no hemodynamic importance. During the past 5 years, we observed 38 cases of infrahepatic interruption of IVC with azygos continuation out of 2,397 cases of congenital heart disease catheterized at Yonsei Cardiovascular Center. We conducted the study with a view point of position of the heart and abdominal organs and segmental analysis of the underlying congenital heart disease. We also analysed the associated exracardiac vascular anomalies The following results wer obtained: 1) The incidence of this anomaly among congenital heart disease was 1.7% and the sex ratio 1.4:1. Twenty four cases(63.1%) was below 5 years of age and 30 cases (79.0%) had cyanosis. 2) We observed 21 cases (55.2%) with the malposition of the heart and 17 cases (44.8%) with malposition of the abdominal organs. The ventricular loops revealed D-loop in 25 cases, L-loop in 5 cases and in the remaining 7 cases, it was uncertain. Eighteen showed normally related great arteries and malposition was present in another 18 cases. 3) Associatcd cardiovascular anomalics wcre as follows: right-sidcd aortic arch: 12 cases, patentductus arteriosus: 10 cases, pulmonic stenosis: 19 cases and bilateral superior vena cava: 9 cases. In conclusion, the presence of this anomaly should alert one to seek the severeintracardiac anomalies which are usually associated with it. Also, it is essential that, if any patient with this anomaly should come to thoracotomy, the azygos vein be not sacrificed.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Azygos Vein ; Catheters ; Cyanosis ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Sex Ratio ; Thoracotomy ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; Vena Cava, Superior

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses*

Liquid tissue adheisve, Histoacryl (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) has been used for the treatment of gastric variceal bleeding. The techniques are as follows: 0.5cc Histoacryl mixed with Lipiodol per each injection are used. 3 to 4 injections are usually required for large variceal convolutes under the fluoroscopic visualization after the injection of Histoacryl. Complications of sclerotherapy with Histoacryl are bleeding, perforation, stenosis and embolism depending on the concentration and amount used, as well as the intensity of the treatment. Here we describe a case report developing portal and splenic vein thrombosis as a side effect after Histoacryl injection therapy for the treatment of gastric varix bleeding, A 59-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis was admitted due to acute gastric varix bleeding. The control of gastrie variceal bleeding was achieved by several injections of 0.7c mixture of 0.5cc histoacryl and 0,8cc Lipiodol. However, simple X-ray and ultrasonography revealed the elements of Histoacryl-lipiodol mixture in the portal and splenic vein.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Embolism ; Enbucrilate* ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sclerotherapy ; Splenic Vein* ; Thrombosis* ; Ultrasonography

Tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was induced by feeding of different DNCB doses in mice. A total of 40 mice were divided into 4 groups(control group, 6 mg feeding group, 10 mg feeding group, 14 mg feeding group) in experiment I, Degree of tolerance to contact hypersensitivity was rneasured by incremert rate of ear swelling after challenge with DNFB. Experiment 2 was performed in the same method of cxperiment: I with addition of 3 mg DNCB feeding group. The increment ratee were significantly decreased in DNCB feeding groups in experirnent 1 and 2(p<0.0l). But there were no differences statisticalIy between increment rates of DNCB feeding groups.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dinitrochlorobenzene* ; Dinitrofluorobenzene ; Ear ; Mice*

Etretinate is a synthetic retinoic acid which has been reported effective in hyperkeratotic disorders. Recently, it has also been tried, on a limited number, for the treatment of viral wart. A 33-year-old male patient presented with multiple, tender, confluent, verrucous lesions on the scalp, both hands and feet of 4 years duration. Before coming to us, he had been treated with intralesional injection of bleomycin and electrodesiccation with little effect. We started etretinate therapy in a daily dose of 70mg(1mg /kg). After 3 weeks treatment, most of his skin lesions were flattened and softened: but an abrupt elevation of serum aminotransferases was noticed, which was normalized soon after cessation of medication. Unfortunately, the drug stop page aggravated most of skin lesions. After two weeks of withdrawal we started again the drug in a daily dose of 30mg and observed a good response without hepatic dysfunction.
Acitretin* ; Adult ; Bleomycin ; Etretinate* ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Male ; Scalp ; Skin ; Transaminases ; Tretinoin ; Warts*

The pressure and resistance of the pulmonary artery are the most important factors when evaluating the congenital heart disease. They are easily measured by the cardiac catheterization, but this procedure is a invasive technique, and difficult to perform repeatedly. There were some reports to estimate the pulmory artery pressure by using non-invasive techniques, such as the echocardiography. The accuracy and the application of the estimate derived from this technique is still a matter of controversy. We estimate the right ventricular pressure by the real time two dimensional echocardiography. The way to measure accuracy for this technique is by of camparing the estimate the right ventricular pressure derived by the echocardiograpy against the right ventricular pressure measured by the cardiac catheterization. The diameter of the left ventricle in the plane of the papillary muscles in measured by short axis view from parasternal positions at the end-systolic phase. The diameter between the interventricular sulcus[B] and the longest vertical from to the interventricular septum[C] are measured. The relationship between the ration, C/B by the two-dimensional echocardiography and the RVP/LVP by the cardiac catheterization is relatively well correlated(r=-0.88). Thus we may conclude that measuring the right ventricular pressure by using the two-dimensional echocardiography is relatively accurate and should be used for evaluating the congenital heart disease.
Arteries ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Ventricles ; Papillary Muscles ; Pulmonary Artery ; Ventricular Pressure*