No abstract available.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta* ; Osteogenesis* ; Osteotomy*

Recurrent episode of meningitis in infants and children frequently constitute a frustrating and distressing, both in determination of course and treatment. The authors are reporting a infected case of congenital dermal sinus with dermoid cyst in the subarachnoid space of cauda equina and conus medullaris which was cured after complete removal of cyst and sinus tract.
Cauda Equina ; Child ; Conus Snail ; Dermoid Cyst ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis ; Spina Bifida Occulta* ; Subarachnoid Space

Mucosal melanosis such as labial and vulvar pigmented macules is common as well as cosmetically disfiguring benign pigmented lesions. Until the recent development of laser treatments, it was impossible to remove a mucosal melanosis without leaving a scar. The Q-switched Alexandrite laser, which has a wavelength of 755 nm and a short pulse duration of 100 nanoseconds, has been used for the treatment of dermal pigmentary disorders such as Nevus of Ota and tattoos. We treated two patients with labial melanosis by the Q-switched Alexandrite laser using a 2,4 mm spot size and energy fluences of 4.5 to 7 J/cm2. Their mucosal pigmentations were completely cleared without adverse sequelae or recurrence after one session of the treatment. We report that Q-switched Alexandrite laser might be a highly effective and safe modality for the treatment of mucosal melanosis and suggest it as the treatment of choice.
Cicatrix ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Lip* ; Melanosis* ; Nevus of Ota ; Pigmentation ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Learning*

Spindle cell lipoma was first described in 1975 by Enzinger and Harvey as a variant of lipomas. Histopathological findings show the lipomatous tissue to be replaced by a mixture of uniform spindle cells and mature fat cells closely associated with a mucoid matrix and a varying number of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemical staining is reported to give assistance in the differential diagnosis af spindle cell lipoma from other fibrous or neural tumors. Also, it can be used to investigate the origin of the spindle cells. We report a case of spindle cell lipoma in a 41-year-old female. She had a solitary, normal skin colored, bean sized, subcutaneous mass on the forearm. Most of the spindle cells were strongly positive for vimentin, CD34 and NSE, but negative for actin, factor VIII, S-100 protein and neuro- filaments. The tumor was excised. No recurrence was recognized in a 10 month follow up period.
Actins ; Adipocytes ; Adult ; Collagen ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Factor VIII ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Humans ; Lipoma* ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins ; Skin ; Vimentin

Acute epiglottitis is an inflammatory process of supraglottic region, which involving the epiglottis andhypopharynx region. This disease can be recognized easily radiologically and virtually all death are preventable.The lateral neck radiograph with soft tissuse technique is of critical value when the diagnosis is in doubt andusually characteristic when compared to the normal. Authors reviewed available lateral neck radiograph of 92 casesamong the 95 cases of clinically confirmed adult epiglottitis during 4 years in wallace Memorial Hospital. Theresults are as follows; 1. Male to female sex ratio was 13:2. 2. The most common age group was 4th decade. 3. Themost common clinical symptoms are sore-throat (87%) and dysphagia(87%). 4. The radiologic findings are swelling ofhypopharynx(92%), vallecular narrowing or obliteration (92%), uvula swelling (33%), narrowing of airway adjacentto epiglottis (17%), swelling of prevertebral soft tissue(8%).
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Epiglottis ; Epiglottitis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Sex Ratio ; Uvula

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of combined treatment with high intensity exercise and (-) epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG), a potent free radical scavenger on a transcriptional level of hemoxygenase-1 gene in the large intestine. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (CON, n=7), high intensity exercise group (HIE, n=7), EGCG group (EGCG, n=7), and EGCG plus high intensity exercise group (HIE + EGCG, n=7). Animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of EGCG with 50 mg of dosage per kg for four weeks 30 minutes before exercise. In order to induce HIE animals were allowed to ran on a treadmill with 0 degree of slope at speed of 28 m/min for 30 minutes. The exercise was performed four times a week for four week. The results of this study were as following; The expression level of hemoxygenase-1 mRNA of the high intensity exercise group was 15.21 times higher than that of the control group. The EGCG plus high intensity exercise group showed 5.98 times increased expression level of hemoxygenase-1 mRNA than control group. These results suggest that treatment of EGCG decrease the expression level of HO-1 mRNA through the removal of oxygen radicals produced by a high intensity exercise.
Animals ; Catechin ; Heme ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Intestine, Large ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Tea

Chondroblastoma is a rare primary neoplasm of bone which involves the epiphysis of the long bone and develops mostly in the 2nd decade of life. We reviewed the cases of twenty patients with chondroblastoma who were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine between 1969 and 1989. All patients were followed for 1 year or longer. The results were as follows. 1. The proximal end of the humerus(25%) and the proximal end of the femur(25%) were the most common sites. 2. 85% of patients were between 11 to 20 years old and male to female ratio was 3:2. 3. The most common symptom was pain and in 30% of patients it was appeared after minor trauma. 4. The average diameter of lesion is 4.2cm in its long axis and the more longer the duration, the more larger the size of lesion. 5. Involvement of the epiphyseal plate was twice as common in the patients with a closing plate as in those with an open one. 6. The most common microscopic finding was the presence of chondroblast and chondroid matrix. 7. Two patients(10%) had a local recurrence. 8. The final functional results were considered to be good in sixteen(80%) patients. 9. Accurste localization of the lesion during biopsy is very important especially in the case of deep seated lesion.
Biopsy ; Chondroblastoma ; Chondrocytes ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in evaluating serial parenchymal changesin renal infarction induced by renal artery ligation, by comparing this with the conventional spin echo techniqueand correlating the results with the histopathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 22 rabbits, renalinfarction was induced by ligation of the renal artery. Spin-echo T1-weighted imaging(T1WI), turbo spin-echo(TSE)T2-weighted imaging(T2WI), and DWI were performed, using a 1.5-T superconductive unit, at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2,3, 6, 12 and 24 hours, and 2, 3, 7 and 20 days after left renal artery ligation. Changes in signal intensity onT1WI, T2WI, and DWI were correlated with histopathologic findings. RESULTS: On MR images obtained 30 minutesafter ligation, the signal intensity of affected kidney was not significantly different from that of contralateralkidney, as seen on T1WI and T2WI, but was noticeably higher on DWI. On T2WI, the signal intensity ratio(SIR) wasslightly higher over time from 30 minutes to 2 days after ligation, and then decreased slightly. The SIR on DWIincreased abruptly at 30 minutes, remained high until 12 hours, and then fell, returning to close to the normalrange at between 2 and 3 days. It fell further, below the normal range, until 20 days after ligation. The mainhistopathologic findings after ligation were congestion and swelling of renal tubules (1-6 hours after ligation),degeneration and necrosis of renal tubules (12 hours - 2 days), coagulation necrosis of renal tubules(3 days),collection of cellular debris between renal tubules (7 days), and proliferation of fibroblast between renaltubules (20 days). CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted imaging is useful for the detection of hyperacute renalinfarction, and the apparent diffusion coefficient may provide additional information concerning its evolution.
Animals ; Diffusion ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fibroblasts ; Infarction* ; Kidney ; Ligation* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Necrosis ; Rabbits* ; Reference Values ; Renal Artery*

PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic usefulness of multimodality study in the diagnosis of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-one patients between January 1998 to December 1999 were involved in this study, and who underwent mammography, breast ultrasonography, and 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography in all cases the findings were retrospectively reviewed. Each modality was graded by two physicians specializing in nuclear medicine and two radiologists, all unaware of the pathologic results. A four-grade system(1=definitely benign, 2=probably benign, 3=probably malignant, 4=definitely malignant) was applied to those ofbreast ultrasonography and 99m Tc-MIBI scintimammography and BIRADS was applied to those ofmammography. All breast masses were confirmed by surgery (n=67) or FNA (n=14). Findings of grade 3 or 4 the four-grade system, BIRADS category 4 or 5, or positive coincidence in double and triple combination studies were defined as positive results, and on the basis of the data thus obtained, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for each modality and for multimodality studies. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography were 83.6%, 88.5%, 93.9%, 71.9% and 85.2%, respectively. For ultrasonography, the corresponding figure were 94.5%, 65.3%, 85.2%, 85.0%, and 85.2%, and these for mammography, they were 87.3%, 69.2%, 87.3%, 81.8% and 80.2%. For the ultrasonography and mammography combination, the figures were 83.6%, 50.0%, 93.9%, 100.0% and 95.2%, respectively, and for 99mTc-MIBI scinti-mammography and mammography, the corresponding findings were 72.7%, 69.2%, 95.2%, 100.0% and 96.7%. For the 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography and ultrasonography combination, respective findings of were 80.0%, 61.5%, 95.7%, 94.1% and 95.2%, respectively, and in the triple modality study, respective findings of 70.9%, 50.0%, 97.5%, 100.0% and 98.1% were recorded. CONCLUSION: Among multimodality studies, sensitivity was greatest in the ultrasonography and mammography combination, which is thus extremely suitable for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The findings of two series suggest that in equivocal cases, 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography with its higher specificity and positive predictive value, is a useful adjunctive tool.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mammography* ; Nuclear Medicine ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Mammary