No abstract available.
Humans

Low back pain and radiating pain in the leg are the main symptoms of the spondylolisthesis and various surgical treatments are recommended after having enough conservative treatments. The spinal fusion in situ either posterior, posterolateral or anterior route is the usual method for symtomatic spondylolisthesis or to prevent progression of slipping but the neurogenic symptoms in the legs are not well solved, so the decompression procedures are necessary. The authors reviewed 26 cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis having low back pain and sciatica which are operated during the 10 years since 1973 at Fatima Hospital and the followings are obtained. 1. There were 15 males and 11 females with ages from 18 years to 63 years having average 40.1 years. 2. The displaced vertebrae were 5th lumbar in 18 and 4th lumbar in 8 cases and the degree of displacement was Grade I in 14, Grade II in 10, Grade III in 1 and no slipping in 1 case. 3. The types of surgery were decompression and H-graft in 22, simple posterior fusion in 3 and Gll's procedure in 1 case. 4. The laminas were considerably loose in all cases and there were small fibrous mass at the pars area in half of the cases. .5. The spine became very stable immediately after H-grafting and the intervertebral foramen became widened freeing nerve root. 6. Bony union obtained in 88% and satisfactory result in 85% at the follow-up from 6 months to 7 years and 2 months with average 1 year and 7 months. 7. The decompression is necessary for the radiating pain in the leg and H-grafting is satisfactory and simple procedure after decompression laminectomy.
Decompression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Methods ; Sciatica ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

Primary subacute pyogenic osteomyelitis is defined as a bone infection of insidious onset lasting for more than several weeks without any acute systemic toxic reactions and is known to have the problem of diagnosis because there is no inflammatory symptoms or signs and X-ray findings are similar to various bone tumors. Authors reviewed 29 cases of primary subacute pyogenic osteomyelitis of long bones admitted at Fatima hospital during the years between 1976 and 1984. The osteomyelitis of infants and the osteomyelitis modified by antibiotics were excluded. The diagnosis of the cases was confirmed by bacteriological examination and/or tissue examination. The results were as follows. 1. The cases were 18 males and 11 females and 19 adults and 10 children. Male predominence was noted in children. 2. The involved bones were 11 tibias, 10 femurs and all other long bones. The involved sites were 18 metaphysis and 11 shafts. 3. All of the cases has insidious onset of local pain without any acute systemic symptoms and most of the cases has local tenderness but local deep swelling noted in about half of the cases. 4. There were many cases with elevated ESR and a few cases of slight leukocytosis. 5. The confirmed infecting organism was all staphylococcus in 16 cases of the cultures from the 25 lesions. 6. The X-ray findings were Brodies abscess in 10, illdefined cavity in 3, diffuse bones absorption in 5, diaphyseal lesion of adult with localized cortical sclerosis in 5 and with localized medullary abscess in 3 and diaphyseal lesion of children with localized medullary abscess and periosteal reaction in 3 cases. 7. All of the cases cured rapidly with rare recurrence after treatment by simple local excision in 4 and curettage in 22 cases combined with antibiotic therapy and local immobilization.
Abscess ; Absorption ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Infant ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Osteomyelitis ; Recurrence ; Sclerosis ; Staphylococcus ; Tibia

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a tremendous impact on healthcare systems worldwide. Although the most common presentation of COVID-19 is respiratory illness, neurologic manifestations are increasing and the pandemic may have consequential effects on urgent conditions such as acute ischemic stroke. In this document, we describe the current status of neurointervention in Korea affected by COVID-19 based on a nationwide survey and review relevant literature from other countries and professional societies.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis* ; Spinal Cord*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and effect of various cryopreservation method on the survival and the cytoskeletal stability of metaphase II mouse oocyte. METHODS: Mouse ovulated oocytes were collected and cryopreserved by a modified slow-freezing method with 1.5 M 1,2-propanediol (PrOH)+0.1 M sucrose or by vitrification using cryo loop and EM grid with 40% ethylene glycol+0.6 M sucrose. Four hours after thawing, intact oocytes were fixed and stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated monoclonal anti-beta-tubulin antibody to visualize spindle and propidium iodide (PI) to visualize chromosome. Spindle morphology was classified as follows: normal (barrel-shaped), slightly and absolute abnormal (multipolar or absent). RESULTS: Survival rate of the frozen-thawed oocytes in vitrification group was significantly higher than that of slow-freezing group (62.7% vs. 24.4%, p<0.01). Vitrification with cryo loop showed significantly higher survival rate than that with EM grid (67.7% vs. 53.5%, p<0.05). On the other hand, proportion of normal spindle and chromosome configurations of the frozen-thawed oocytes between two vitrification group was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: For mouse ovulated oocytes, vitrification with cryo loop may be a preferable procedure compared to slow-freezing method. Further study should be needed to investigate developmental competency of frozen-thawed mouse oocytes.
Animals ; Cryopreservation* ; Fluorescein ; Hand ; Metaphase ; Mice* ; Oocytes* ; Propidium ; Propylene Glycol ; Sucrose ; Survival Rate ; Vitrification

Although it is commonly appreciated that there is an inordinately large number of anormalies associated with the excretory ducts of the liver, comparatively little attention has been paid to the position of the orfice of the common bile duct into the duodenum. But, obiviously the site of entrance of the common bile duct into the duodenum becomes of great importance to the endoscopist, radiologist, and surgeon in diseases of the extra-hepatic biliary tract diag-nostically and therapeutically. We report 'a case of anomalous termination of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb with the gall bladder empyema.
Biliary Tract ; Cholecystitis* ; Common Bile Duct* ; Duodenum ; Liver

No abstract available.
Cerebral Infarction* ; Myoclonus* ; Stents*

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the neurosurgeon's role in managing cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) has becomes rapidly challenged and overlapped with other specialists. Furthermore, the patterns of CVD and patient recruitment have also changed. We conducted a retrospective study regarding the practical trends of CVD with reference to the management paradigms at our institute. METHOD: We reviewed all the available data, including the annual reports, the daily department records, the medical records and the radiographic films of the CVD patients who had been admitted to our Neurosurgery Department during the five years between Jan. 2004 and Dec. 2008. RESULTS: The total numbers of CVD operations showed a slight initial increase, but then they remained steady for the latter 3 years. The number of cases of non-angiomatous hemorrhage has been relatively steady, regardless of surgery. The total numbers of treated aneurysms increased, but the main body of this increment was attributed to the initiation of endovascular treatment and increased identification of unruptured vascular lesions. Vascular malformations were sustained with a small number of cases due to referring them to other institutes for radiosurgery, except for the cases that required urgent hemorrhagic evacuation. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhagic CVDs tended to decrease either due to increasing identification before rupture or shifting such patients into a large volume hospital. The increasing awareness of ischemic CVD, the early detection of unruptured aneurysms, and the separation of medical responsibilities from neurologists have all pushed neurosurgeons to make treatment plans in a more cooperative fashion, instead of a competitive way. Neurosurgeons should be furnished with several revolutionary surgical options to widen their scope of managing patients with CVD.
Academies and Institutes ; Aneurysm ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Medical Records ; Neurosurgery ; Patient Selection ; Radiosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Specialization ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vascular Malformations ; X-Ray Film

Individuals at ultra-high-risk (UHR) for psychosis have become a major focus for research designed to explore markers for early detection of and clinical intervention in schizophrenia. In particular, structural magnetic resonance imaging studies in UHR individuals have provided important insight into the neurobiological basis of psychosis and have shown the brain changes associated with clinical risk factors. In this review, we describe the structural brain abnormalities in magnetic resonance images in UHR individuals. The current accumulated data demonstrate that abnormalities in the prefrontal and temporal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex occur before illness onset. These regions are compatible with the regions of structural deficits found in schizophrenia and first-episode patients. In addition, the burgeoning evidence suggests that such structural abnormalities are potential markers for the transition to psychosis. However, most findings to date are limited because they are from cross-sectional rather than longitudinal studies. Recently, researchers have emphasized neurodevelopmental considerations with respect to brain structural alterations in UHR individuals. Future studies should be conducted to characterize the differences in the brain developmental trajectory between UHR individuals and healthy controls using a longitudinal design. These new studies should contribute to early detection and management as well as provide more predictive markers of later psychosis.
Brain/abnormalities/*pathology ; Gyrus Cinguli/pathology ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis/*pathology ; Risk Factors ; Temporal Lobe/pathology