Anterior sacral meningocele is a rare congenital lesion. The authors report a case of anterior sacral meningocele in a 51-year-old male who complained of lower abdominal pain and small caliber stool. Myelogram and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed a meningocele on anterior part of the sacrum communicating to the spinal canal. Total laminectomy on S 3, 4 and a ligation of the spinal canal between normal dura and meningocele on S 2/3 level were carried out. The patient returned to home 2 weeks postoperatively with complete relief of symptoms.
Abdominal Pain ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Ligation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meningocele* ; Middle Aged ; Sacrum ; Spinal Canal

It is generally believed that the important factor in cerebral aneurysmal formation is mural degeneration where sustained hemodynamic stress is maximal. The authors have investigated angiographic findings to evaluate the relationship of aneurysmal formation and anatomical characteristics. Between January 1994 and December 1996, 386 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrage underwent cerebral angiographic studies. Among these, 83 patients had middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm without intracerebral hematoma in computed tomography and without vasospasm in angiography. These patients were compared with 68 patients with subarachnoid haemorrage who showed normal angiographic finding. Parameters for angiographic measuring were the direction of aneurysm, the length of proximal middle cerebral artery, the ratio of diameter and angles between internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and superior and inferior trunk of middle cerebral artery. These data were analysed by student t-test, ANOVA, and the results were as follows: 1) Fifty-two cases(63%) of middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm directed laterally. 2) The length of proximal middle cerebral artery was not significantly different from that of control group. 3) Middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms were frequently seen in angiography when angle between anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery was more decreased and angle between superior and inferior trunk of middle cerebral artery was more increased. 4) Middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm revealed to be more inferiorly directed when angle between proximal segment of middle cerebral artery and superior trunk of middle cerebral artery was more increased.
Aneurysm* ; Angiography ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Hematoma ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Middle Cerebral Artery*

OBJECTIVES: Hetapic dynfunction caused by the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients with psychiatric disorders has not been frequently reported compared to the use of typical antipsychotics. This retrospective study was aimed at assessing the differences of hepatic dysfunctions between patients treated with risperidone and olanzapine through reviewing computerized-medical records. METHODS: Charts of 667 risperidone- and olanzapin treated patients hospitalized at the department of psychiatray, Kangnam St. Mary's Hostpital, between 1998 and 2002, were reviewed. The frequencies of hepatic enzyme elevation in association with clinical variables such as time course of the use of antipsychotics were analyzed. RESULTS: Significant elevation in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to upper reference range and 2 fold range were seen in olanzapine monotherapy patients, but not in risperidone monotherapy group. There was no difference between olanzapine and risperidone monotherapy groups in time course of hepatic dysfunction. There was no difference in hepatic enzyme elevation between resperidon and olanzapine combination therapy groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggest potential difference in degree of antipsychotic induced hepatic dysfunction between risperidone and olanzapine treatment. Well-desigend prospective study would be nessassary to extend our putative results.
Alanine Transaminase ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Humans ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies* ; Risperidone*

The definition and management of microinvasive cervical cancer varies from time to time depending on the organization involved and is a persistent focus of controversy. The purpose of defining microinvasion is to identify a group of patients who are not at risk of lymph node metastases or recurrence and who therefore may be treated with less than radical therapy. Microinvasive cervical cancer with Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Recurrence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms