Pneumatic retinopexy was introduced by Hilton in 1986, and this methed is a recently described procedure used for the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. A gas bubble is injected into the vitreous cavity so that the bubble closes the retinal break, permitting resorption of subretinal fluid. A chorioretinal adhesion formed around the break by cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation secures the retina in place. Indication of pneumatic retinopexy in A Two-step Outpatient Operation Without Conjuntival Incision described by Hilton in 1986 is retinal detachments secondary to one break or group of breaks no larger than 1 o'clock hour located within the superior 8 o'clock hours of the fundus. The ocular conditions of the 26 cases included in this study were proliferative vitreoretinopathy C1, C2, aphakia, multiple breaks in multiple quadrants, extensive retinal detachment more than 3 quadrants in size, pseudophakia. The overall success rate for primary pneumatic retinopexy was 73.1%(19 eyes). The greatest number of failure were due to delayed absorption of subretinal fluid (5 eyes). With subsequent procedure, 7 eyes that failed with primary pneumatic retinopexy were reattached.
Absorption ; Aphakia ; Cryotherapy ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Outpatients ; Pseudophakia ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Subretinal Fluid ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

PURPOSE: Recent experimental evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) in indoor dust induce neurtrophilic pulmonary inflammation, which is a characteristic pathology in patients with severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, COPD is known to be an important risk factor for lung cancer, irrespective of cigarette smoking. Here, we evaluated whether sensitization to indoor dust EVs is a risk for the development of asthma, COPD, or lung cancer. METHODS: Serum IgG antibodies against dust EVs were measured in 90 healthy control subjects, 294 asthmatics, 242 COPD patients, and 325 lung cancer patients. Serum anti-dust EV IgG titers were considered high if they exceeded a 95 percentile value of the control subjects. Age-, gender-, and cigarette smoke-adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine odds ratios (ORs) for asthma, COPD, and lung cancer patients vs the control subjects. RESULTS: In total, 4.4%, 13.6%, 29.3%, and 54.9% of the control, asthma, COPD, and lung cancer groups, respectively, had high serum anti-dust EV IgG titers. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed that sensitization to dust EVs (high serum anti-dust EV IgG titer) was an independent risk factor for asthma (adjusted OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.0), COPD (adjusted OR, 8.0; 95% CI, 2.0-32.5) and lung cancer (adjusted OR, 38.7; 95% CI, 10.4-144.3). CONCLUSIONS: IgG sensitization to indoor dust EVs appears to be a major risk for the development of asthma, COPD, and lung cancer.
Antibodies ; Asthma* ; Dust* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Logistic Models ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Odds Ratio ; Pathology ; Pneumonia ; Prevalence* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Tobacco Products

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has been considered extremely rare in East Asia. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence, clinical characteristics and radiological findings of type 2 AIP highlighting patients presenting as acute pancreatitis in a single center. METHODS: Type 2 AIP patients were classified according to International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria. Radiological findings were compared between type 2 AIP presenting as acute pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis. RESULTS: Among 244 patients with AIP, 27 (11.1%) had type 2 AIP (definite, 15 [55.5%] and probable 12 [44.5%]). The median age of patients with type 2 AIP was 29 years (interquartile range, 20 to 39 years). Acute pancreatitis was the most common initial presentation (n=17, 63%) while obstructive jaundice was present in only one patient. Ulcerative colitis (UC) was associated with type 2 AIP in 44.4% (12/27) of patients. Radiological pancreatic imaging such as delayed enhancement of diffusely enlarged pancreas, homogeneous enhancement of focal enlargement/mass, absent/minimal peripancreatic fat infiltration or fluid collection, and multifocal main pancreatic duct narrowings were helpful for differentiating type 2 AIP from gallstone pancreatitis. During follow-up (median, 32.3 months), two patients (2/25, 8%) experienced relapse. CONCLUSIONS: In South Korea, type 2 AIP is not as rare as previously thought. Overall, the clinical profile of type 2 AIP was similar to that of Western countries. Type 2 AIP should be considered in young UC patients with acute pancreatitis of uncertain etiology.
Colitis, Ulcerative ; Consensus ; Far East ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Korea ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis ; Prevalence ; Recurrence

In the version of this article initially published, the fifth author's name was stated as “Joo Nam Lee.