No abstract available.

Primary tumors of the heart are rare, three quarter of the tumors are benign, and nearly half of the benign heart tumors are myxomas. Cardiac myxoma usually originate in the left atrium about 75 percent, however, only 3 to 4 percent of myxoma are detected in the left ventricle. We report on a 32 years old woman with left ventricular myxoma who presented with shortness of breath, chest tightness, and general weakness. Acute pulmonary embolism and left ventricular myxoma were found on a perfusion lung scan and echocadiogram. A mass located on septal wall of left ventricle was excised en bloc. The patient recovered uneventfully and careful follow up has be performed periodically.
Adult ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Lung ; Myxoma* ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Angiocardiography* ; Contrast Media* ; Electrolytes* ; Osmolar Concentration* ; Plasma* ; Renin*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Hydronephrosis*

The authors describe a technique consisting of subfascial temporalis dissection and performing a pedicled bone flap in pterional craniotomy. This technique provides reliable preservation of the frontalis nerve, does not necessitate the reconstruction of the temporalis muscle at the end of the surgery, and does not compromise the operative exposure.
Craniotomy

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) is one of the most common neurosurgical disorders associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, the treatment of the disease remains controversial. While aggressive removal of the blood clot is advocated by some, supportive care without clot removal is recommended by others. This dichotomy in therapeutic approaches undoubtedly derives from a poor understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that result in brain injury following intracerebral hematoma. Thus, effective animal model of intracerebral hematoma is necessary so that the injury mechanisms can be identified and the specific therapy developed. In an attempt to establish the highly reliable and reproducible experimental model of intracerebral hematoma, various amount(sham. 25microliter, 50microliter and 100microliter) of autologous blood was injected stereotactically into the left basal ganglia of the anesthetized rats. 16 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. The sham operation and injections of 25microliter, 50microliter and 100microliter of autologous arterial blood were performed on each group. The animals were assessed for the size and pattern of the hematoma and the neurological outcome at 24 hours after the formation of intracerebral hematomas. The 25microliter-injection group showed the more reproducible size and shape of the hematoma confined to the basal ganglia with better neurological outcome, Additionally, the perihematomal ischemic zone was observed after intracardiac perfusion with 2% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC). Another 18 rats were assessed for the histopathological changes during the hyperacute stage of the intracerebral hematoma with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Finally another 24 rats were divided into 6 groups and injected with 25microliter of blood. They underwent intravenous infusion of Evans blue and were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours after the formation intracerebral hematomas. The Evans blue extra asation was noted around the needle tract and hematoma that meant disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Significant increment of the water content with resultant brain edema was noted on the ipsilateral brain 6-12 hours after the formation of the intracerebral hematoma.
Animals ; Basal Ganglia ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Evans Blue ; Hematoma* ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Models, Animal ; Models, Theoretical* ; Mortality ; Needles ; Perfusion ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

PURPOSE: Urologists occasionally experience some cases of voiding failure after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Preoperative and postoperative factors attributable to acute urine retention (AUR) after catheter removal in post-TURP patients were evaluated and analyzed to determine the causative factors for AUR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2004 to May 2008, a total of 172 patients who underwent TURP due to symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were divided into the AUR group (n=21) and the control group (n=151). The AUR group was defined as patients with voiding difficulty within 24 hours and whose residual urine volume was above 400 ml after catheter removal. The control group was defined as patients without AUR. Age, duration of symptoms, International prostate symptom score (IPSS), Quality of life score (QoL), uroflowmetry, post-void residual urine volume, preoperative serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, preoperative prostate volume, resected prostate volume, rate of prostate resection [resected prostate volume/preoperative prostate volume x 100], operative time and duration of catheter were retrospectively analyzed to identify which of these were the factors related with AUR after catheter removal in post-TURP patients. RESULTS: Preoperative prostate volume was higher (90.7+/-50.4 vs 64.4+/-32.7, p=0.002) and rate of prostate resection was lower (38.8+/-8.1 vs 50.5+/-12.4, p<0.001) in AUR group compared to control group. And age, duration of symptoms, IPSS, QoL, uroflowmetry, post-void residual urine volume, preoperative serum PSA level, resected prostate volume, operative time and duration of catheter were not statistically significant in both groups. The multivariate analysis subsequently showed that preoperative prostate volume (p=0.010, OR=1.040) and rate of prostate resection (p=0.001, OR=0.901) were independent factors related with AUR after catheter removal in post-TURP patients. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of AUR after catheter removal was higher in post-TURP patients with high preoperative prostate volume and low rate of prostate resection. Therefore the surgeon's effort to increase the rate of prostate resection, especially in patients with large prostate volume, may lower the incidence of postoperative AUR.
Catheters ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Multivariate Analysis ; Operative Time ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Quality of Life ; Retention (Psychology) ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Retention

Tissue engineering and stem cell transplantation are two important options that may help overcome limitations in the current treatment strategy for bladder dysfunction. Stem cell therapy holds great promise for treating pathophysiology, as well as for urological tissue engineering and regeneration. To date, stem cell therapy in urology has mainly focused on oncology and erectile dysfunction. The therapeutic potency of stem cells (SCs) was originally thought to derive from their ability to differentiate into various cell types including smooth muscle. The main mechanisms of SCs in reconstituting or restoring bladder function are migration, differentiation, and paracrine effects. Nowadays, paracrine effects of stem cells are thought to be more prominent because of their stimulating effects on stem cells and adjacent cells. Studies of stem cell therapy for bladder dysfunction have been limited to experimental models and have been less focused on tissue engineering for bladder regeneration. Bladder outlet obstruction is a representative model. Adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), and skeletal muscle-derived stem cells or muscle precursor cells are used for transplantation to treat bladder dysfunction. The aim of this study is to review stem cell therapy and updated tissue regeneration as treatments for bladder dysfunction and to provide the current status of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering for bladder dysfunction including its mechanisms and limitations.
Bone Marrow ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Male ; Models, Theoretical ; Muscle, Smooth ; Regeneration ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells* ; Tissue Engineering* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; Urology

OBJECTIVE: The variable operative methods are underwent as a treatment of tuberculous spondylitis. We propose hemilaminectomy and debridement as a one of operative method at a certain circumstance. METHODS: From July 1998 to June 2002, 13 consecutive patients with spinal tuberculosis were treated surgically in our institution. Among them, the authors analysed 7 patients in whom posterior approach were performed. The lumbar spine was involved in 6 patients, the thoracic in 1. The hemilaminectomy with debridement was done in all cases. The changes in the Kyphotic angle and the height of involved vertebras retrospectively measured from lateral spinal radiographs obtained preoperatively and postoperatively. Mean follow up periods were 16 months. RESULTS: Clinical symptoms and signs were improved in all cases. One patient (14%) was needed anterior fusion because of aggravation of lesion. Another one needed reoperation because of relapse of epidural abscess. The arithmethical average of kyphotic angle was worsened about 2 degrees and that of height loss was lesser than 5% postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The hemilaminectomy with debridement for spinal spondylitis can be a first therapeutic modality in a mild neurologic deficit and minor lesions with extended epidural abscess and granulation tissue to the adjacent vertebras in radiologic finding. Especially if epidural abscess and granulation tissue involve the multiple vertebras, we recommend this operative method.
Debridement ; Epidural Abscess ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Spondylitis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth is an important cause of infant death and morbidity but its pathophysiology still remains to be clear. The associations between preterm birth and the polymorphism of interleukin-1beta gene and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene have been suspected. And ethnic variations in the polymorphism of the genes were also reported. We decided to study polymorphisms of interleukin-1beta+3953 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in Korean pregnant women. METHODS: Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 is the control group of 33 subjects with uncomplicated term delivery : group 2 is the case group of patients who had spontaneous preterm delivery. Polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: There were significant differences in gestational age and birth weight between two groups (P<0.001). No significant differences were found in genotypic frequencies and allelic frequencies in interleukin-1beta+3953 between two groups. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene had 5 alleles and the most frequent allele was IL1RN*1 (410bp), 66.7% in control group and 77.8% in case group. And significant differences were not found in genotypic frequencies and allelic frequencies between two groups, too. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in polymorphisms in interleukin-1beta +3953 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist between term delivery group and preterm birth group.
Alleles ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Interleukin-1* ; Interleukin-1beta* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnant Women ; Premature Birth*