1.Chemical Orchiectomy Using Absolute Alcohol Injection into Rat Testicles.
Korean Journal of Urology 1998;39(9):858-862
PURPOSE: In patients suffering from prostate cancer, endocrine treatment is commonly applied to either locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. But, there are many side effects with endocrine treatment in spite of its good response. We studied the effect of castration using absolute alcohol injection into the testis of Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We checked and compared the serum testosterone level after surgical castration and the injection of a serial amount of alsolute alcohol into the testis of sixty Sprague-Dawley rats. The histologic findings of the testes and prostates in those injected with absolute alcohol were also evaluated. RESULTS: The testosterone level of normal control was 2.29 +/-0.47ng/ microliterand that of the bilateral orchiectomy group was 0.03 +/-0.02ng/ml. The testosterone level of the groups that were injected with absolute alcohol more than 25% of testicular weight were the same as the testosterone level of castrated rats. The histologic findings of the testes and prostates in those injected with absolute alcohol more than 25% of testicular weight were diffusely atrophied. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that chemical orchiectomy using absolute alcohol as a new endocrine treatment is another modality in advanced prostatic cancer patients who need an orchiectomy.
Animals
;
Castration
;
Ethanol*
;
Humans
;
Orchiectomy*
;
Prostate
;
Prostatic Neoplasms
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Testis*
;
Testosterone
2.Immunocytochemical analysis for estrogen receptors in the patients with thyroid disease.
Seong Joon KANG ; Seung Sang MOON ; Byung Seon RHOE ; Soo Yong KIM ; Kwang Ro YOON ; Kap Jun YOON
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 1993;44(3):315-321
No abstract available.
Estrogens*
;
Humans
;
Receptors, Estrogen*
;
Thyroid Diseases*
;
Thyroid Gland*
3.Geographic Distribution of Central Nervous System Rehabilitation Treatment in Korea and Its Associated Factors
Dong-Gyun SOHN ; Jaehong YOON ; Jun-Soo RO ; Ja-Ho LEIGH
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2023;38(20):e147-
Background:
Health disparity is defined as a difference in the accessibility of medical resources among regions or other factors. In South Korea, there might be a disparity because of the low proportion of public medical institutions. This study aimed to investigate the geographic distribution of rehabilitation treatment and examine the factors associated with the rates of rehabilitation treatment in Korea.
Methods:
We used administrative claims data in 2007, 2012, and 2017 from the National Health Insurance Database in Korea. We defined physical therapy and occupational therapy as rehabilitation treatments and analyzed the rate of rehabilitation treatments for administrative districts in 2007, 2012, and 2017. Interdecile range and coefficient of variation were used to investigate the geographic distribution of rehabilitation treatment over time. We applied multiple random intercept negative binomial regression to examine the factors associated with rehabilitation treatment. A total of 28,319,614 inpatient and outpatient claims were submitted for 874 hospitals that provided rehabilitation treatment in 2007, 2012, and 2017.
Results:
The increase in the mean rates of physical therapy inpatients and outpatients was greater than those for occupational therapy inpatients and outpatients from 2007 to 2017. Both physical therapy and occupational therapy were concentrated in the Seoul Capital Area and other large urban areas. More than 30% of the districts received no rehabilitation treatment. The interdecile range and coefficient of variation for physical therapy declined more than those for occupational therapy from 2007 to 2017. The deprivation index was negatively correlated with physical therapy inpatients, physical therapy outpatients, occupational therapy inpatients, and occupational therapy outpatients. Furthermore, a 1-unit increase in the number of hospital beds per 1,000 people was associated with 1.42 times higher physical therapy inpatient, 1.44 times higher physical therapy outpatient, 2.14 times higher occupational therapy inpatient, and 3.30 times higher occupational therapy outpatient treatment.
Conclusion
To reduce the geographic inequality in rehabilitation treatment, it is necessary to narrow the gap between the supply and demand of rehabilitation services. Providing incentives or direct provisions from the government might be an alternative.
4.Hyperthermia during General Anesthesia: A case report.
Tae Kwan KIM ; Yong Gul LIM ; Jun Ro YOON
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1998;34(2):464-469
The fulminant malignant hyperthermia (MH) is now encountered less frequently because of increased awareness of the condition by anesthesiologist and better use of mornitoring facilities. Thus there is also an increase in the number of aborted cases, in which anesthesia is stopped and treatment instituted as soon as MH is thought to be likely. We presented a case of an abortive MH in 18 years old male patient during the discectomy on the third and fourth lumbar intervertebral spaces. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium and succinylcholine and then maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and enflurane. After induction, there were persistent tachycardia, elavation of end-tidal CO2 tension on capnography, spontaneous tachypnea, body temperature elevation up to 38.2oC, respiratory acidosis and highly level of CPK, myoglobulin in serum and urine. Under the suspicion of MH, all anesthetics were discontinued and vigorous emergency treatment was attempted including ventilation with high flow of 100% oxygen (8 l/min), changing all anesthetic circuits, and cooling measurements such as chilled intravenous solution infusion, gastric lavage with cold saline, alcohol and ice water pack over the body. Fourtunately, he recovered well and discharged without complications.
Acidosis, Respiratory
;
Adolescent
;
Anesthesia
;
Anesthesia, General*
;
Anesthetics
;
Body Temperature
;
Capnography
;
Diskectomy
;
Emergency Treatment
;
Enflurane
;
Fever*
;
Gastric Lavage
;
Humans
;
Ice
;
Male
;
Malignant Hyperthermia
;
Nitrous Oxide
;
Oxygen
;
Succinylcholine
;
Tachycardia
;
Tachypnea
;
Thiopental
;
Ventilation
;
Water
5.Scoring System for Detecting Spurious Hemolysis in Anticoagulated Blood Specimens.
Gilsung YOO ; Juwon KIM ; Young UH ; Kwang Ro YOON ; Soon Deok PARK ; Kap Jun YOON
Annals of Laboratory Medicine 2015;35(3):341-347
BACKGROUND: The identification of in vitro hemolysis (IVH) using a hematology analyzer is challenging because centrifugation of the specimens cannot be performed for cell counts. In the present study, we aimed to develop a scoring system to help identify the presence of hemolysis in anticoagulated blood specimens. METHODS: Thirty-seven potassium EDTA anticoagulated blood specimens were obtained, and each specimen was divided into 3 aliquots (A, B, and C). Aliquots B and C were mechanically hemolyzed by aspirating 2 and 5 times, respectively, using a 27-gauge needle and then tested; aliquot A was analyzed immediately without any hemolysis. After the cells were counted, aliquots B and C were centrifuged and the supernatants were tested for the hemolytic index and lactate dehydrogenase levels. RESULTS: The 4 hematologic parameters were selected and scored from 0 to 3 as follows:< 34.0, 34.0-36.2, 36.3-38.4, and > or =38.5 for mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, g/dL); <0.02, 0.02, 0.03, and > or =0.04 for red blood cell ghosts (10(12)/L); <0.13, 0.13-0.38, 0.39-1.30, and > or =1.31 for difference value (g/dL) of measured hemoglobin and calculated hemoglobin; and <0.26, 0.26-0.95, 0.96-3.34, and > or =3.35 for difference value (g/dL) of MCHC and cell hemoglobin concentration mean. The hemolysis score was calculated by adding all the scores from the 4 parameters. At the cutoff hemolysis score of 3, the IVH of aliquots B and C were detected as 64.9% and 91.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The scoring system might provide effective screening for detecting spurious IVH.
Anticoagulants/*pharmacology
;
*Blood Specimen Collection
;
Edetic Acid/pharmacology
;
Hemoglobins/analysis
;
Hemolysis/drug effects
;
Humans
6.Arthroscopic Ankle Fusion Using Two Medial Cannulated Screws.
Hak Jun KIM ; Taik Seon KIM ; Jeong Ro YOON ; Kyoung Soo KIM ; Haeng Kee NOH ; Kwang Sup YOON
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society 2004;8(2):171-175
PURPOSE: We evaluated the clinical and radiological results of arthroscopic ankle fusion using 2 medial screws which had advantages of less morbidity, early weight-bearing and high union rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From April, 2002 to March, 2004, 8 patients who had ankle osteoarthritis were treated by ankle fusion using 2 medial screws under arthroscopy; five patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis, two with post-infectious arthritis and one with paralytic foot. There were 5 male and 3 female. Average age was 67 years old ranging from 57 to 71 years. We evaluated them clinically preoperative and postoperative using AOFAS score, VAS pain scale and patient's satisfaction. In regard to radiological fusion, we checked them by simple AP, lateral and mortise view. Follow up period was average 11 months (range, 6~24 months). RESULTS: All ankles were successfully fused with 2 medial screws under arthroscopy. The mean time of fusion was 10.5 weeks (range, 8~14 weeks). Patient's satisfaction checked at 6 months after operation had favorable results (excellent and good 75%). One case had pain on medial malleolar area because of screw's protrusion. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic ankle fusion using 2 medial screws was good modality of ankle fusion with less morbidity and early weight-bearing in some cases of ankle arthritis.
Aged
;
Ankle*
;
Arthritis
;
Arthritis, Reactive
;
Arthroscopy
;
Female
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Foot
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Osteoarthritis
;
Weight-Bearing
7.Candida zeylanoides Peritonitis in a Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patient.
Se Hee YOON ; Om Sub KAWK ; Myung Jun LEE ; Yoon Shick YOM ; Nak Won CHOI ; Sung Ro YUN
Korean Journal of Nephrology 2009;28(1):73-76
Despite the frequent occurrence of peritonitis in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), fungal peritonitis is uncommon and usually associated with antibiotics and immunodeficiency. Most of the fungal isolates are usually Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida guilliermondii or Candida torulopsis. The authors report a case of fungal CAPD related peritonitis due to Candida zeylanoides that occurred in a patient with the absence of the usual risk factors for fungal peritonitis. Treatment with intravenous fluconazole was successful.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Candida
;
Candida albicans
;
Candida glabrata
;
Candidiasis
;
Fluconazole
;
Humans
;
Peritoneal Dialysis
;
Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
;
Peritonitis
;
Risk Factors
8.Comparison of Three Plastic Tubes (Two Gongdong Vacuum Blood Tubes and Improve Vacuum Blood Collection Tube) with BD Vacutainer Tube for 37 Laboratory Tests.
Sang Sun HWANG ; Kwang Ro YOON ; Kap Jun YOON
Journal of Laboratory Medicine and Quality Assurance 2009;31(2):301-308
BACKGROUND: Recently, three collection tubes manufactured in China (Zhejiang Gongdong Medical Plastic Factory, Guangzhou Improve IVD) were introduced. We compared the performance of the three tubes with the existing BD Vacutainer tube (BD, USA) for common analytes. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited for this study. Routine chemistry, thyroid function test, and hematologic test were analyzed with these tubes, and compared the results by Student paired t-test and Bland-Altman Plot. For stability test, the initial results for each tube were compared with results of 72-hour preserved samples. RESULTS: For Gongdong tube, total bilirubin (T-BIL), glucose (GLU), phosphorus (PHOS), hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were lower, and total protein (TP), AST, direct bilirubin (D-BIL), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and free thyroxine (FT4) were higher than those of BD tube. For Gongdong2 tube, ALT, T-BIL, PHOS, lactate dehydrogenase and MCV were lower, and D-BIL was higher than that of BD tube. For Improve tube, corpuscular hemoglobin concentration mean (CHCM) was lower, and albumin (Alb), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and FT4 were higher than those of BD tube. For three tubes, triiodothyronine (T3) was lower, and triglyceride (TG) and magnesium (Mg) were higher than those of BD tube (P<0.05). All statiscally different cases were clinically acceptable by CLIA'88 programs except D-BIL, UIBC, TIBC, Hb, MCV and CHCM those were not considered to be clinically significant. Most of stability tests showed variation within ten percents. CONCLUSIONS: The three tubes showed satisfactory results compared with existing BD Vacutainer tube. We concluded that the tubes are suitable for common laboratory tests.
Bilirubin
;
Blood Urea Nitrogen
;
China
;
Creatinine
;
Erythrocyte Indices
;
Glucose
;
Hematologic Tests
;
Hemoglobins
;
Humans
;
Iron
;
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
;
Magnesium
;
Phosphorus
;
Plastics
;
Thyroid Function Tests
;
Thyroxine
;
Triiodothyronine
;
Vacuum
9.Quantitative Analysis of the Patellar Tap Test for Knee Joint Effusion.
Jung Ro YOON ; Taik Seon KIM ; Seung Beom HAN ; Hak Jun KIM ; Dong Hoon SEO ; Jae Eun YOON
Journal of the Korean Knee Society 2006;18(1):102-106
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to detect the amount of the saline which was injected into a knee joint and made the patella ballottable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2002 to June 2003, into 37 knees, saline was instilled through a needle inserted at 2 cm distant form superolateral aspect of the patella. The patellar ballottement was examined after every 1 cc injection of the saline. We checked the amount of the injected saline when the ballottement of the patella was developed and when ballottement was disappeared by milking fluid distally from suprapatellar pouch.my. RESULTS: The patella tap test was positive when the amount of instilled saline was between 14 cc and 45cc, and the pattern of distribution was biphasic. A patella tap disappeared if more than 39~110 cc of fluid was injected, which showed triphasic pattern of the distribution. CONCLUSION: The amount of knee effusion between 14~110 cc got the patella ballottable. And the pattern of distribution was variable. Therefore we need more numbers of data to analyze the differences.
Knee Joint*
;
Knee*
;
Milk
;
Needles
;
Patella
10.Detection of Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Sinonasal Inverted Papillomas and Its Correlation with p53 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Expression.
Jin Hee CHO ; Byung Do SUH ; Beom Cho JUN ; Han Sung CHANG ; Myung Jae YANG ; He Ro YOON ; Woo Young RO
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2000;43(8):836-843
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign but topographically aggressive neoplasms that have a high recurrence rate and seem to be associated with malignancy. The etiology of inverted papilloma remains unknown, but some hypotheses suggest that nasal polyps proliferation and chronic inflammation are due to allergy or various infectious lesions. This study was to elucidate the biological characteristics and the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Ebstein -Barr virus (EBV) and the expression of p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in sinonasal inverted papillomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 26 specimens from 26 individuals with normal nasal mucosae (n=10) and inverted papillomas (n=16) to determine the occurance of HPV and EBV infection and the expression of p53 protein and PCNA. RESULTS: Of the 16 Inverted papillomas, HPV DNA was detected in eight cases, HPV 18 was detected in two cases (18%), HPV 16 and HPV 33 were both found in every case (6%), HPV 6 and HPV 16 were coinfected in one case (6%), and other types were found in 3 cases. HPV DNA was not detected in the normal nasal mucosae. EBV DNA was detected in 10 cases (62%) out of 16 inverted papillomas ancl in two cases (20%) of 10 normal nasal mocosae. The altered p53 protein expression was observed in four cases (25%), and positive PCNA staining was detected in four cases (25%) out of 16 inverted papillomas. One positive PCNA staining was detected among 10 normal mucosae. The mean PC10 index was 16.0% in the inverted papillomas group and 4.1% in normal nasal mucosae group. CONCLUSION: An inverse correlation may exist between oncogenic HPV infection and p53 alteration in sinonasa1 inverted papillomas.
DNA
;
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
;
Herpesvirus 4, Human*
;
Human papillomavirus 16
;
Human papillomavirus 18
;
Human papillomavirus 6
;
Humans*
;
Hypersensitivity
;
Inflammation
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Nasal Mucosa
;
Nasal Polyps
;
Papilloma, Inverted*
;
Population Characteristics
;
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*
;
Recurrence