To further explore the result of bilingual teaching in pediatrics,we randomly chose 200 undergraduates of 4 class and released students'questionnaires about bilingual teaching with teaching content before and after class to assess students'understanding of bilingual teaching and analysed appraisal result.We found no significant difference of student score between students accepting bilingual teaching and not accepting the bilingual teaching,but there was difference for English tests and expression level.So we think that students can fully accept the bilingual teaching of pediatrics under the premise with selecting appropriate teaching methods and means.

mRNAs of alpha-adrenoceptor (α-AR) subtypes are found in neurons in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and change after peripheral nerve injury. In this study, the distribution of α-AR subtype proteins was studied in L5 DRG of normal rats and rats with chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve (CCI). Using immunofluorescence technique, it was found that α1A-, α1B-, and α2A-AR proteins were expressed in large, medium, and small size neurons in normal DRG, and significantly increased in all size neurons 14 days after CCI. α1D- and α2C-AR was also expressed in all size neurons in normal DRG. However, α1D-AR was significantly increased and α2C-AR was decreased in small size neurons 14 days post CCI. α2B-AR neurons were not detectable in normal and CCI DRG. Co-expression of α1A- and α2A-AR in the same neuron was observed in normal DRG and increased post CCI. Collectively, these results indicated that there is distinct distribution of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons, and the distribution and levels of expression of α-AR subtypes change differently after CCI. The up-regulation of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons may play an important role in the process of generating and transmitting neuropathic pain.

Objective To explore the activation and apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBLs) in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) and the effects of triptoIide(TP) on them. Methods The changes of activation and apoptosis were observed on cultured PBLs in children with HSP and healthy controls ,and the effects of TP were compared respectively. Expression of CD3, CD25 and apoptosis rate of PBLs were assayed with flow cytometry. Results The percentage of CD3+ CD25+ cell was significantly higher (P

Adolescent ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective Comparing the effect of different anesthetic inductions in pediatric pa-tients undergoing bronchial foreign body removal.Methods Thirty pediatric patients,aged 9-58 months,undergoing emergency bronchial foreign body removal,were randomly into 3 groups (n=10 each):group sevoflurane (group S),group propofol (group P),and group ketamine (group K).Pa-tients in group S were inducted with sevoflurane 8% inhalation,group P with propofol 2.5 mg/kg in-travenous injection,group K with ketamine 5 mg/kg intramuscular injection.Three groups of pa-tients breathed spontaneously during operative period and received topical anesthesia of lidocaine be-fore the placement of rigid bronchoscopy.Combination of intravenous target-controlled infusion of propofol (target plasma concentration of 3-3.5 μg/ml)and remifentanil (target plasma concentration of 2-3 ng/ml)was used for maintenance of anesthesia.The rigid bronchoscopy was inserted after pre-oxygenation for 3 min.Rigid bronchoscopy was performed and the placement time,the first place-ment successfully rate,hypoxemia and side effects as well as postoperative awaking time were recor-ded.Results The first placement successfully rate,group S 90%,group P 70%,group K 40%,with significant difference among three groups (P<0.05).The incidence of side effects were not signifi-cant difference in three groups;In group S and group P,the placement time and the anesthesia awa-king time was significant shorter than that in group K (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with propo-fol intravenous induction and ketamine intramuscular induction,the high concentration sevoflurane in-duction can provide faster induction,shorter waking time,and reduceside effects in childen undergo-ing bronchial foreign body removal.

AIMAcetylcholine(ACh) is a neurotransmitter and a potent vasodilator in many vascular beds. ACh hyperpolarizes the smooth muscle cells(SMCs) of arteries including the cochlear spiral modiolar artery(SMA) via an endothelium-dependent mechanism, but the biochemical and biophysical basis of the hyperpolarization and vasodilation remain unclear and controversial.

METHODSUsing intracellular recording techniques and an in vitro preparation of the SMA, the ionic mechanism of the hyperpolarization and a possible role of nitric oxide(NO) were investigated.

RESULTSWith 5 mmol/L K(+) in the bathing solution and a minimum longitudinal tension, ACh (0.1-10 micromol/L) induced a robust hyperpolarization in low RP cells but caused a depolarization in the high RP cells. The ACh hyperpolarization was fast in onset and offset and the amplitude was concentration-dependent(22 and 30 mV by 1 micromol/L and 10 micromol/L ACh, respectively, n = 7 ). ACh also hyperpolarized the cells that initially had a high resting potential (RP) but were pre-depolarized by Ba(2+) (50-100 micromol/L). The onset time courses of the hyperpolarization were often slower in these cases than those without the presence of Ba(2+) . The ACh-induced hyperpolarization was blocked by atropine (0.1- 1 micromol/L, n = 6) or DAMP (50 -100 nmol/L, n = 6, a selective M3 antagonist) and also by BAPTA-AM (10 micromol/L, n = 7, a membrane-permeable Ca(2+)-chelator), or charybdotoxin plus apamin (50-100 nmol/L, n= 4, Ca(2+) -activated K(+) -channel blockers), but not by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 300 micromol/L, n = 8, an inhibitor of NO-synthase), glipizide (10 micromol/L, n = 4, ATP-sensitive K(+) -channel blocker) and indomethacin (10 micromol/L, n = 4, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor).

CONCLUSIONIt is concluded that ACh-induced hyperpolarization in the arterial SMCs is primarily due to an activation of calcium-activated potassium channels via M3 receptors of endothelial cell and is independent of NO-release in the spiral modiolar artery.

Acetylcholine ; physiology ; Animals ; Arteries ; Cell Polarity ; physiology ; Cochlea ; blood supply ; physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; metabolism ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) in trophoblast and relation between PPAR? ligands and trophoblast invasion.Methods We examined the expression of PPAR? by immunohistochemistry,immunocytochemistry and real time quantitative PCR.We next examined,using the cytotrophoblast culture model,the biological role of PPAR? ligands in vitro.Results PPAR? was mainly localized in the nuclei of villous cytotrophoblast and extravillous cytotrophoblast of cell islands and cell columns.In villous tissue and cultured trophoblast from early first trimester,the level of expression of PPAR? mRNA and protein was 36.0?5.1,13.4?3.1 and 1.35?0.08,1.13?0.11;from late first trimester it was 23.3?5.5,6.1?1.3 and 1.17?0.03,0.86 ?0.05,and the expression of PPAR? was obviously decreased (P

The effect of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on membrane potential of neurons from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was examined in the rat by means of intracellular recording technique. The results showed that (1) AVP induced hyperpolarization in the membrane of most DRG neurons. (2) The membrane conductance of the DRG neurons increased by 19.32% following application of AVP (p<0.05). (3) Perfusion with balance sodium solution (BSS) containing Cd(2+) (blocker of Ca(2+) channel) instead of Na+ failed to affect the AVP-induced membrane hyperpolarization of the DRG neurons (p> 0.05). After perfusion with BSS containing tetraethylammonium (TEA), however, the extent of AVP-induced hyperpolarization was reduced (p<0.05). (4) The AVP-induced hyperpolarization of the neurons was blocked by the antagonist of AVP V(1) receptors. The results demonstrate that AVP induces hyperpolarization of most DRG neurons, which might be caused by K(+) outflow mediated by AVP V(1) receptors in the membrane of the neurons.
Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin ; pharmacology ; Ganglia, Spinal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Potassium Channels ; drug effects ; Rats ; Tetraethylammonium ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical results of three bonding patterns for the reattachment of anterior fractured teeth.

METHODSThe reattachment of 59 anterior fractured teeth was performed using three bonding patterns, which were pattern A (pulp chamber concave + labial chamfer), pattern B (pulp chamber concave + lingual notch) and pattern C (pulp chamber concave + lingual notch + labial chamfer), and followed up for more than 24 months. Pattern A, B and C were 14 teeth, 14 teeth and 31 teeth, respectively. Twenty-one sectioned maxillary central incisors (obtained from patients with periodontal disease) whose edge fragments reattached using the three bonding patterns were used for the experimental study of shear bond strength, and each pattern was used in 7 teeth.

RESULTSThree reattached teeth fractured again due to another trauma, two of which was pattern B and one was pattern A. The reattachment of the remaining 56 anterior fractured teeth was successful after a follow up of mean 28.3 months. The experimental study showed that bonding pattern A and C could bear more shear stress than bonding pattern B (F = 5.161, P = 0.017).

CONCLUSIONSThe present study suggests that bonding pattern A (pulp chamber concave + labial chamfer) and C (pulp chamber concave + lingual notch + labial chamfer) were the best methods for the reattachment of fractured anterior teeth.

Adolescent ; Child ; Dental Bonding ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Incisor ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shear Strength ; Tooth Crown ; injuries ; Tooth Fractures ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of pH0 on the electrophysiological properties of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in brain artery of spontaneously hypertension rats (SHR).

METHODSWe studied the effects and the ion mechanism of pH0 on whole-cell membrane current of VSMCs in brain artery of 200 - 250 g SHR by whole-cell patch clamp recordings.

RESULTS1. Acidic pH0 could inhibit the outward current of VSMCs of brain artery in SHR in a voltage-dependent manner. It induced a more pronounced inhibition of the outward current from 0 to + 60mV; 2. In the presence of 1 mmol/L TEA, the inhibition of acidic pH0 on the outward current of VSMCs of brain artery was inhibited.

CONCLUSIONThe changes of outward current of VSMCs of brain artery in SHR induced by pH0 may be connected with BKCa channel.

Animals ; Cerebral Arteries ; cytology ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Extracellular Fluid ; physiology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR