As a member of nuclear receptor superfamily, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been shown to regulate numerous metabolic pathways, which include playing an important role in bile acid metabolism, maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis when FXR is activated. With the prevalence of the glucose and lipids disorder, FXR attracts increasing attention. It may be a potential target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid disorders.
Bile Acids and Salts ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism

Objective To studied perioperative changes in blood coagulation and the fibrinolytic system in patients undergoing acute aortic disec tion repair analyse the reason and outcome for these changes.Methods Between August 2011 and December 2011,30 patientsk[22 male and 8 female,mean aged (43.0±9.13) years] had undergone open repairs of aortic dissection or aneurysm with DHCA.Indications for surgical intervention were type A sortic dissection in 26 patients and aortic aneurysm in 4 patients.According to the time from clinical onset of the dissection to operation,acute group(less than 7 days,A group) 20 patients; chronic group (more than 30 days and aortic aneurysm,C group) 10 patients.Data were gathered for muhiple preoperative and intraoperative factors including age,sex,diagnosis,aortic dissection type,preoperative ejection fraction,aortic surgery history,surgical intervention type,cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time,aortic cross-clamp time,blood transfusion volume (PRBC),mechanic ventilation time,ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay.Platelet (PLT),fibrin degredation product (FDP),D-dimmer,thrombin-antithrombin (TAT),and soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) were assayed before and after operation,as well as 0 h,24 h,48 h,72 h.These valuables were recorded and compared statistically between two groups.Results Preoperative serum level and postoperative peak level of FDP and D-dimmer in group A were significant higher than in gnoup C (P ＜ 0.05)and postopertive serum peak level in group C were significant higher than preoperative level (P ＜ 0.05 ).Preoperative snd postoperative most hours there was significant intergroup difference on the serum levels of SFMC and TAT (P ＜ 0.05 ).Preoperative level of PLT in group A is lower than in group C significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).The level of PLT in each hour after surgery were much lower than the level before surgery in both group (P ＜0.05 ).In addition,thromhus fonantion in ascending aortic falsc lumen in group A was much moee common than in group C (P ＜0.05 ).There was significant difference on incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis which results from acute aortic dissection and surgical procedure was obscrved before and after surgery to treat acute aortic dissection.There is increasing risk for consumption coagulopathy and thromboembolism during perioperative period.

Objective To analyze the endoscopic and pathologic characters of acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD) after aUogeneie bone marrow transplantation.Methods The endoscopic and pathologic findings of 4 patients with acute aGVHD were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations of 4 patients were abdominal pain and diarrhea occurred 21～57 days after bone marrow transplantation.The eolonoseopy detected mucosa edema,erosion and multiple ulcers.The pathological findings included epithelial necrosis accompanied with infiltration of lympbocytes and plasmacytes,no cytomegalovirus was found in biopsies,and aGVHD was diagnosed.Three patients recovered after the treatment with corticosteroids,while the other one died.Conclusion The intestine is involved in aGVHD after allogeneie bone marrow transplantation,and the diagnosis depends on eolonoscopy and biopsy.

We prepared protoplasts from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge suspension culture cells. Then, the protoplasts' vitality and functions were tested by fluorescein diacetate staining method and Fluo-3/AM flourescent probe. The optimal condition of protoplast isolation was Cellulase R-10 1.5%, Pectinase Y-23 0.3%, Macerozyme R-10 0.5%, 40 r/min 12 h, 600 r/min 5 min, and the protoplasts yield was 1.1x10(6) cells/g FW, the vitality was more than 95% by using fluorescein diacetate staining method. It has been confirmed that calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM can be successfully loaded into protoplasts.
Aniline Compounds ; chemistry ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cellulase ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Protoplasts ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; growth & development ; Xanthenes ; chemistry

The cell survival rate and the chromosomal aberration induced by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitriosoguanidine (MNNG), mitomycin C (MMC) and ethyl methanesuiphonate (EMS) in V79 cells and its ?-ray-sensitive mutants (irs5 and mil) were observed in this study. The concentrations of mutagens to determine the survival rate were arranged at 2.5~ 30 ?mol/L in MNNG, 1~20?mol/L in MMC and 2~ 16 ?mol/L in EMS, respectively. The cell survival rates and the cell clones of irs5 were higher than that of the V79 cells and irs11; and of irs11 were significantly lower than that of V79 cells and irs5. The result of IC50 of mutagens to determine the chromosomal aberration was similar to the cell survival rate. The type and frequency of chromosomal aberration induced by MNNG, MMC and EMS in irs5 was same as in V79 cell; and there was a dose-response relationship between them. The spontaneous aberration frequencies in irsS and V79 cells were lower than 4%, however, in irs11 was higher than 10%. Data suggests that the cellular biological characterization in irs5 is steady, and further study to certain irsS whether it will be a new mutant for the mutagenicity or carcinogenicity assay or not.

Objective The purpose of the study was to compare the P63 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between Xuanwei and other regions, and to investigate the relationship of P63 expression and biological behavior. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used. Results The results indicated that the expression of P63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was extraordinarily high. P63 was related to the TNM staging system,tissue differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis,but not related to gender. In NSCLC,there was no significant difference of the P63 positive expression rate in the same pathological types, staging, tissue differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis and gender between Xuanwei and other regions. It indicated that the expression of P63 was not the reason why it was high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei region.

Objective To observe the effect of circadian rhythm on hypnotic median effective dose( ED50) of ketamine. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups which had 15 mice in each group. They were intraperitoneally injected with ketamine at different times of 2 Am,8 Am,2 Pm and 8 Pm, respectively. Righting reflex was recorded and the value of ED50 was measured with sequential experimental method. Results The hypnotic ED50 of ketamine at 2 Am was(54.57?0.82) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of ED50 38.06-78.22 mg/kg;ED50 was(49. 27?0. 12) mg/kg at 8 Am, with 95% confidence limit of ED50 40. 21-60. 37 mg/kg;ED50 at 2 Pm was (42.28?0.21) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit 37.35 - 47 83 mg/kg;and ED50 at 8 Pm was(57.42?0.14) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit 37.51-73 72 mg/kg,respectively. The ED50 were significant different at 2 Pm and 8 Pm. However, there were no significant difference in ED50 value among other groups. Conclusion The hypnotic effect of ketamine has circadian rhythm - dependent.

Group A,the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P0.05). TCR,CCR,DAP,OD,BRC in Groups B and C showed trends of increasing,the differences in terms of the contents of BMP-RⅠamong the 3 phases were statistically significant(P0.05);the ER in Group B and C showed a trend of decreasing,thee difference between 4- and 8-week and 4- and 12-week were signifieantly dif- ferent(P0.05).Conclusion After application of glucocorticoid for a short term,pathological changes maintained and showed trends of inereasing in early stage.HBO can reverse these changes.The outcome of 3-course HBO therapy is better than that of 1-course therapy.

This article mainly summarise the results of the chemical compositions and their pharmacological activities of Arnebiae Radix since 1966. The chemistry components isolated from Arnebiae Radix are mainly naphthoquinone, monoterpene phenol and quinone, phenolic acids and their salts, alkaloids, aliphatic and esters. Pharmacological results showed that the chemical compositions and the extracts of Arnebiae Radix have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, hepatoprotection, antioxidant, anti-tumor and immune function and other activities. This article hopefully to provide a reference for further research, development and utilization of Arnebiae Radix.
Animals ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differential plasma protein profiles in patients with hyperlipidemia & atherosclerosis (H&A) of different patterns of phlegm-stasis syndrome (PSS) for seeking their biomarker proteins.

METHODSTwo-dimensional gel electrophoresis and gel screening graphical analysis were performed on plasma proteins got from 146 patients; corresponding protein spots were fetched from the gel for two-stage mass-spectrometric analysis by quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry; then the differential proteins for PSS were discriminated by Fisher discriminate analysis.

RESULTSExcepting two uncertain proteins, 7 differential proteins were screened out from the 11 differentially expressed plasma protein spots with variability over 100% in the inter-block matching. Classic analysis found that haptoglobin precursor and fibrinogen gamma chain were possibly the plasma biomarker proteins for H & A; fibrinogen beta chain and apolipoprotein A-I precursor were that set apart PSS from non-PSS; fibrinogen gamma chain, albumin and apolipoprotein A-I precursor were for phlegm syndrome; haptoglobin precursor, adrenomedullin binding protein precursor, albumin and complement component C4 were for stasis syndrome; albumin and adrenomedullin binding protein precursor were for the phlegm-stasis mutual blocking syndrome. Moreover, the above mentioned expressions of possible marker proteins had their own special rule of changing in the transforming progress of PSS.

CONCLUSIONThis study reported, for the first time, the existence of evident variation of functional protein constitution in different patterns of PSS, and definite compatibility being detected in some functional proteins, which may be the marker proteins for making diagnosis and prognosis of PSS in H&A. Besides, preliminary proof for the transformation of PSS has gained at the functional protein level.

Adult ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; Blood Proteins ; analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; diagnosis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Proteomics