No abstract available.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic* ; Neurilemmoma*

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common diseases which family physicians encounter to manage. Various research proved that appropriate aerobic exercise had effect on lowering blood pressure efficiently. This study was to find out the status of exercise, the change of exercise according to time and its predicting factors in hypertensive patients. METHODS: A total of 193 of the followed-up hypertensive patients of family physicians in Seoul and kyoungkido from May 11, 2001 to June 10, 2001 were interviewed by doctor according to the previously designed structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Eighty two patients (42.57) were male and mean and was 57.4 +/- 9.9 fears. Using Kaplan-Meier's method, 8% of non-exercise group (N= 115) in diagnosing hypertension started exercise after 1 fear and 40%, after 5 years. Otherwise, 5% of exercise group(N=78) stopped exercise after 1 year and 30%, after 5 years. The characteristics of 5 exercise groups according to sex, age, level of education and adequacy of exercise showed significant difference. In average blood pressure, lately started group showed the lowest (137/84 mmHg) and non-exercise group, the highest (146/91 mmHg) In the degree of recommendation. sporadic group showed the highest and non-exercise group, the lowest which showed significant difference (p =0.0024) . CONCLUSION: I conclude that lately started group among non-exercise group and continuous exercise group were mainly affected by recommendation to exercise of physician. As well as exercise, other nonpharmacologic treatment should be promoted by physician as an important strategy for treatment of hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Education ; Exercise ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Physicians, Family* ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test is now widely used for early detection of bacterial infection. Practically nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test (N.B.T. test) gives certain clue to rule out any possibility of aseptic inflammation. Authors performed N.B.T. test for 80 orthopaedic diseases and 40 controls, and the results were as followings: 1. Forty-one of 60 subjects with bacterial infection had more than 10% formazan positive neutrophils, and 18 of 20 subjects without bacterial infection showed less than 10%. formazan positive neutrophils, The groups of the elevated N.B.T. responses were mainly the subjects who had osteomyelitis, soft tissue inflammation, pyogenic arthritis, and bone and joint tuberculosis. 2. The mean proportion of N.B.T. positive neutrophils was 3.8±2.78% in 40 controls, 4.7±4.23% in 20 nonifectious group 12.7±10.3% in 12 chronic osteomyelitis, 12.5±10.7% in 15 treated bone and joint tuberculosis, 20.9±15.65% in 15 untreated bone and joint tuberculosis and 20±10.70% in 11 pyogenic arthritis and 7 other soft inflammatory group. 3. In noninfectious group, 7 of 8 subjects with elevated ESR and 3 of 4 subjects with elevated body temperature revealed N.B.T. responses less than 10%. 4. In 23 subjects with the elevated N.B.T. responses as well as leukecytosis, 22 subjects were the groups of bacterial infection and rest 1 was noninfectious in nature. 5. Therefore, the N.B.T. test is found to be useful for the purposes of the early diagnostic aid of the bacterial infection and differential diagnosis between bacterial infections and other diseases.
Arthritis ; Bacterial Infections ; Body Temperature ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Inflammation ; Neutrophils ; Nitroblue Tetrazolium ; Osteomyelitis ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular

One hundred eighty infants with oxygen therapy who were under 2,500gm birth weight or under 37 weeks of gestational age, were examined between January 1990 and November 1992. We performed clnical analysis and results were as follows. 1) Fifty six infants (31.1%) were diagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity. 2) The first examination was performed at 2.5 weeks of life on average, and the retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed at 3.8 weeks on average. 3) The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was highly associated with low birth weight (< or =1,890 gm), low gestational age ( < or =33.1 weeks), and high oxygen concentration with long duration (FiO2> or =0.4 over 1 week)(P<0.005). 4) Other associated risk factors were idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, anemia, neonatal hypoxia and sepsis.
Anemia, Neonatal ; Anoxia ; Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis

Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition that is characterized by reduction in bone volume and an increased vulnerability to fracture, practically of the proximal femur and vertebrae. Unfortunately, osteoporosis does not usually become obvious until a patient presents with a fracture. For this reason, it has been referred to as the silent epidemic. While radiological examination remains the mainstay of diagnosis, there are certain disadvantages associated with this technique. Almost one third of the skeletal mass must be lost before osteoporosis becomes apparent on a plain radiograph and radiological artifacts are not uncommon. Many methods have been developed for quantitative assessment. of the skeleton. So osteoporosis can be detected early and its progression and response to therapy can be carefully monitored. Recently, quantitative computed tomography(QCT) has been investigated as a means for non-invasive quantitative determination of bone mineral density of the spine. Highly signifcant correlation have been found between vertebral trabecular mineral amount and quantity determined by QCT. Furthermore vertebral strength and failure load have been found to correlate well with trabecular density determined by QCT. Authors has analysed bone mineral density(BMD) of 213 patients who visited Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan. 1988 to Sept. 1989. The aims of this study is to compare BMD of osteoporosis group with that of mormal group, to investigate correlation between BMD and age distribution, and to estimate fracture threshold in osteoporosis group. Following results were obtained:l. After 20 years of age, men lose an average of 0.83 per cent of bone per year, and women lose an average of 0.96 per cent per year. Such lost in women seems to be accelerated during and after menopause. 2. The bone mineral densities for the osteoporosis group are lower than those for the normal group by 28.4% for male and 29.7% for female. There was little difference between sex. 3. It is suggested that 90mg/cm3 of BMD is the fracture threshold for the osteoporosis group. 4. The compression fracture rate among post-menopausal women is 38.8%.
Age Distribution ; Artifacts ; Bone Density ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Male ; Menopause ; Miners ; Osteoporosis ; Skeleton ; Spine

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome(HWWs) is a rare variant of Mullerian ductal anomalies characterized by the presence of a hemivaginal septum, a didelphic uterus, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. It usually presents after menarche with progressive pelvic pain, and palpable mass due to hemihematocolpos. If a cystic mass is detected behind the urinary bladder in children, in association with the absence of a kidney, the diagnosis of uterus didelphys with imperforate vagina and hydrocolpos should be considered. When renal agenesis is found in asymptomatic children, the small size and the tubular shape of the uterus makes it almost impossible to evaluate uterine anomalies, so follow-up should be performed until the end of puberty. Appropriate preoperative diagnosis and treatment will prevent unnecessary procedures and offer relief of symptoms. We report one case of didelphic uterus with blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis with biopsy-proven thin glomerular basement membrane disease which is not related to the above syndrome.
Adolescent ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerular Basement Membrane* ; Humans ; Hydrocolpos ; Kidney ; Menarche ; Pelvic Pain ; Puberty ; Unnecessary Procedures ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterus* ; Vagina

A case of multiple myeloma with massive pleural effusion is reported. A 53 year-old previous known multiple myeloma patient vistited our hospital complaining of cough with sputum. Radiologic study revealed multiple osteolytic bony lesions and left side pleural effusion. The effusion were bloody exudates containing numerous atypical plasma cells. The tumor cells showed pleomorphism, eccentric nuclei, prominent nucleoli, perinuclear halo, multincleation, and chromatin patterns of occasional cart-wheel appearance. The cytological examination of pleural fluid established the malignant nature of the effusion with multiple myeloma.
Biopsy* ; Chromatin ; Cough ; Enzyme Assays* ; Exudates and Transudates ; Glycogen Storage Disease* ; Glycogen* ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; Plasma Cells ; Pleural Effusion ; Sputum

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the validity and to review the errors of each category of inferential statistics used in Journal of Korean Ophthalmology Society (JKOS). METHODS: We reviewed 46 original articles of Journal of Korean Ophthalmology Society from January 2000 to March 2000 to assess 4 categories (the methods of statistical analysis, the way how to describe the statistical techniques, the validity of the used statistical techniques, and the interpretation of the results). RESULTS: With the types of statistics, comparison of mean was most commonly used (51.6%), followed by contingency table (16.1%), regression (15.1%), correlation (9.7%), and etc. (7.5%). With the way of describing the statistical techniques, 28 articles contained full description of every used statistical method, 15 had simply the list of statistical techniques, 2 had some methods omitted in description, and 1 was lack of explanation of statistical method. With the validity of the used statistical techniques, the most powerful statistical method was used in 66.7%, less powerful method in 8.6%, and improper method in 24.7% respectively. With the interpretation of the results, 26 articles drew correct conclusions via proper statistical method, 5 had errors in the interpretation of statistical results, 13 directed to incorrect conclusions due to improper statistical techniques, and 2 could not be judged due to omitted description of statistical method. CONCLUSIONS: We found that univariate or bivariate statistics rather than multivariate statistics were more preferred in JKOS, and authors should be more familiar with broad and precise knowledges of statistics.
Ophthalmology*

BACKGROUND: The quick and accurate radiologic evaluation is essential to minimize the sequelae of temporal bone trauma. High resolution computed tomography(HRCT) is regarded as a method of choice in the evaluation of the head trauma including temporal bone fractures. Although the diagnosis of ossicular dislocation with HRCT has been described, we could find only one report on the usefulness of coronal sections in the diagnosis of lateral displacement of the incus. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of a recently reported radiologic sign, named the "Y" sign, for the diagnosis of lateral dislocation of the incus on the coronal HRCT sections of the temporal bones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the axial and coronal HRCT sections of 13 cases who the laterally dislocated incus was confirmed operatively. RESULTS: In the axial HRCT sections, abnormal ice cream cone was shown in only 3 cases, but normal ice cream cone was shown in 10 cases. In the coronal HRCT sections, the Y-sign was shown in 11 cases-open Y-sign: 3 cases, closed Y-sign: 8 cases, in contrast, only 2 cases did not shown Y-sign. CONCLUSION: The Y-sign in the coronal sections is more correlated with the dislocated incus than with abnormal ice cream cone configuration in the axial sections. So, the Y-sign seems to be very useful in the diagnosis of the dislocated incus.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis* ; Dislocations* ; Ice Cream ; Incus* ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone

PURPOSE: Rhabdomyolysis (RB) is a syndrome characterized by the decomposition of striated muscles and leakage of their contents into the bloodstream. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most significant and serious complication of RB and is a major cause of mortality in patients with RB. Severe RB (creatine kinase [CK] ≥5,000) has been associated with AKI. However, early prediction is difficult because CK can reach peak levels 1–3 days after the trauma. Hence, the aim of our study was to identify predictors of severe RB using initial patient information and parameters. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 1,023 blunt trauma patients admitted to a single tertiary hospital between August 2011 and March 2018. Patients with previously diagnosed chronic kidney disease were excluded from the study. RB and severe RB were defined as a CK level ≥1,000 U/L and ≥5,000 U/L, respectively. The diagnosis of AKI was based on RIFLE criteria. RESULTS: The overall incidence of RB and severe RB was 31.3% (n=320) and 6.2% (n=63), respectively. On multivariable analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43 to 10.00), initial base excess (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.90), initial CK (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.57), and extremity abbreviated injury scale score (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.29) were found to predict severe RB. The results of receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the best cutoff value for the initial serum CK level predictive of severe RB was 1,494 U/L. CONCLUSIONS Male patients with severe extremity injuries, low base excess, and initial CK level >1,500 U/L should receive vigorous fluid resuscitation.