The conventional sugical procedure for hydrocele, eversion of sac (with or without partial excision of sac), still remains the most popular one for hydrocele. The new technique is an easy, quick and simple operation. And it avoids postoperative complications. A clinical observation was made on 14 patients of hydrocele who were admitted to the Department of UroIogy, Han-Il. Hospital during the 12 months period from May, 1989 to April, 1990 and surgically treated by `window procedure` with good results.
Humans ; Postoperative Complications

OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation is important to ensure optimal monitoring and delivery with the introduction of real-time and Doppler ultrasound systems, a noninvasive method of measuring human fetal blood flow has become available. The aim of this study is to compare blood flow velocity waveforms at the fetal descending aorta and umbilical artery in normal and in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension. METHODS: Using a combination of linear array real-time and pulsed Doppler ultrasound, blood flow velocity measurements were carried out at the fetal descending aorta and umbilical artery in 35 normal pregnancies and 18 cases of pregnancy induced hypertensive patients. RESULTS: The mean systolic/diastolic ratio of umbilical artery and aorta was significantly higher in PIH patients than in normal pregnancies(3.8 +/- 0.81 versus 2.97 +/- 0.52, p<0.05) and to predict perinatal morbidity, umbilical velocimetry is more sensitive than that of descending thoracic aorta. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that umbilical artery velocimetry could be used as a marker to predict adverse perinatal outcome.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Pregnancy ; Rheology* ; Ultrasonography ; Umbilical Arteries

To identify significant prognostic factors in patients undergoing simple hysterectomy in the presence of invasive cervical cancer, the records of 45 patients who had taken such a procedure between 1993 and 1997 were reviewed. Overall relapse-free survival and 5-year survival rates were 91.1 and 92.1%, respectively. Factors found to be significantly related to survival were the retrospectively determined stage(p=0.0000), the presence of residual disease(p=0.0001), and cell type(p=0.0000). By multivariate analysis, factor emerging as significantly detrimental to survival was the cell type. The presence of residual disease was a marginally significant factor(p=0.067). The expectations for survival of patients with residual tumor mass and/or with adenocarcinoma after simple hysterectomy appear to be markedly worse than those with others, so radical reoperation should be considered in those patients.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Vaccination*

Fourty three patients known to hnve cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were assigned to Papanicolaou smear in five different ways, i, e, A) cotion tipped wood applieator at the pasterior vaginal fronix and the ectocervix, B) cotton tipped wood applicator at the ectocervix and the endocervical canal, C) Cytohrush at the endocervical canal, D) Cervexbrusk and E) Cyto-spatula. At the completion of cytologic study, all the subjects were done colposcopically directed biopsy and/or ECC. To evaluate the false negative rates of the cytologic test, cervical cone biopsy or hysteectorny was performed on all the patient. The false negat,ive rates were 53.5% in A) 39.5% in B), 14,0% in C), l8.6% in D), 25.6% in E) and statistical differences occurect between each group, It was also found that bleedings were most frequently endountered in E) and the encocervical cells were most frequently appeared in C). With these results, it can he stated that the rate of negative encocervical cells in the srnear were correlated with the false negative rates of cervical cytology.
Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Papanicolaou Test ; Wood

Tinnitus is defined as auditory perception without external sound. There is currently no cure for tinnitus. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a tinnitus treatment that addresses the affected individual's reaction to tinnitus. It aims not to eliminate auditory perception as sound but to reduce or correct one's negative response to tinnitus. CBT identifies negative automatic thought and then evaluates its validity with the patient. It also aims to change negative automatic thought to more positive and realistic thought. In this way, tinnitus sufferers can function well despite the presence of tinnitus. Many studies have supported the efficacy of CBT for treating tinnitus. A meta-analysis of CBT for tinnitus also concluded that CBT is effective in treating tinnitus. Thus, CBT is considered a good option for treating tinnitus. We herein discuss the use of CBT for tinnitus with a literature review.
Auditory Perception ; Cognitive Therapy* ; Humans ; Tinnitus*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value and the radiologic findings of CT discography in the diagnosis of the far lateral disk herniation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 7 cases of surgically proven far lateral lumbar disc herniation. CT discography was performed for all cases. Four cases underwent conventional CT and three cases MRI as a primary diagnostic imaging method. Far lateral diac herniation was divided into 3 groups by location;Intraforaminal herniation, extraforaminal herniation, and mixed type. We analyzed the findings of CT discography including location and extent of far lateral disc herniation. RESULTS: In all 7 cases, CT discography clearly demonstrated the filling of contrast media in laterally-protruded disc material. Intraforaminal and extraforminal types were seen in 2 cases each, and mixed type in 3 cases. Subligamentous herniated nucleus pulposus was present in 6 cases and extruded disc in 1 case. Far lateral disc herniation was located at L4-5 in 5 cases and L5-S1 in 2 cases. CONCLUSION: CT discography can help establishing accurate preoperative diagnosis for far lateral disc herniation.
Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

PROPOSE: This study was designed to compare the efficacy of a synthetic surfactant (Exosurf) and a modified bovine surfactant (SurfactenR) in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: A total of 90 infants with respiratory distress syndrome who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 to September 1996 were includeeach surfactant. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in between two groups regarding birth weight, gestational age, and initiation of treatment after birth. ExosurfR group received less supplemental oxygen therapy and ventilator care. Survival rate were 81.3R in Exosurf group and 79.2% in SurfactenR group. The incidences of patent ctus arteriosus in the ExosurfR and SurfactenR groups were 75% and 62.5%, grade 3-4 intcular hemorrhage were 18.8% and 10.4%, respectively,' retinopathy of prematurity were 9.4% and 18.8%, respectively. There was significant improvernent of a/APO2 and VI at 30 minutes and 2 hours after the treatment in SurfactenR group', 2 hours and 6 hours after the treatment in ExosurfR group, however, dynamic compliance and respiratory resistance did not improve during 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Although SurfactenR treatment appears to induce faster improvement in oxygenation and pulmonary function than ExosurfR treatment, this study does not reveal any difference in clinical outcomes among those who received two different surfactant preparations.
Birth Weight ; Compliance ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Oxygen ; Parturition ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Survival Rate ; Ventilators, Mechanical

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Mass Screening*

We evaluated retrospectively the clinical characteristics of 16 consecutive exotropia patients over 10PD following surgery for esotropia, the patients were differentiated into nonoperative and operative group. The nonoperative group comprised of 11 patients with exodeviation 10PD through 20PD(mean 12.9PD) and the orthphoria through 15PD(mean 10.5PD) at final visit. The operative group of 5 patients with exodeviation of 10PD through 30PD(mean 21PD) at postoperatively 2 weeks and 20PD through 35PD(mean 24PD) before operation of consecutive exotropia. In the second operatio, 3 patients with adduction limitation were operated with advancement of medial rectus or recession of lateral rectus of same eye. Four patients showed orthotropia at postoperatively 2 weeks, and 2 patients revealed orthotropia at the final visit. The results suggest that the degree of deviation and adduction limitation will influence the choice of therapy and second operation method.
Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies