Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Korea. Age-adjusted annual incidence of gastric cancer per 100,000 persons is 62.8 for male and 25.7 for female. The proportion of early gastric cancer among surgically treated gastric cancer patients was 28.6% in 1995, 32.8% in 1999, and 47.4% in 2004. Screening upper endoscopy is quite commonly performed in Korea, and the proportion of early gastric cancer in the screened population is almost 75%. Gastric adenoma is considered to be a very important precancerous lesion. Gastric adenomas are actively treated in Korea, and at least 1/3 of the gastric adenomas with high grade dysplasia show cancerous focus when endoscopically resected. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is decreasing in Korean population, which may lead to the decreased incidence of gastric cancer in the near future. Paradigms of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer are rapidly changing in Korea. Efforts to establish robust scientific data for new approaches are strongly required. The proportion of early gastric cancer among all gastric cancers has been and will be more increased in Korea.
Adenoma ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Stomach Neoplasms

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a kind of benigh inflammatory lesion involving synovial membrane, characterized by yellowish or yellow-grayish colored villous nodules of synovial membrane, formed by accumulation of cholesterol and hemosiderin with numerous cleftings of synovial membrane. The lesion was first described by Chassaignac (1852) as the nodular form arising in relation to the flexor tendon sheath of the middle and index fingers. After that Simon (1865) described it as a xanthoma of the synovia, and there after various names were given by many authors, according to the characteristics of the pathologic fetures. In 1941 Jaffe named this lesion pigmented villonodular synovitis, which is now generally accepted. Still the direct cause of this lesion is not clearly known, but chronic stimulation of synovia is generally accepted as an etiologic factor. In this paper we report four cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis, which were diagnosed and treated in our department. One of the four cases occurred at the proximal tibiofibula joint which is a very rare site.
Cholesterol ; Fingers ; Hemosiderin ; Joints ; Synovial Fluid ; Synovial Membrane ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Tendons ; Xanthomatosis

No abstract available.

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is a disease in which the femoral capital epiphysis is displaced downward and backward and occurs during the adolescent rapid growth period when the epiphyseal growth plate is weakened. This relatively rare disease was first reported by Ambrose Pare in 1572. Numerous cases have since been reported in the literature throughout the world. In Korea, although, rare a few cases have also been reported. The authors report here a case of bilateral slipped femoral capital epiphysis in a 14 year old boy with pain when walking. He manifested the Frolich body type with underdeveloped genitalia. Both hips showed a positive Patricks test with limited range of motion, especially in abduction and internal rotation. Three Hage pins were inserted on each side.
Adolescent ; Epiphyses ; Genitalia ; Growth Plate ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rare Diseases ; Somatotypes ; Walking

No abstract available.
Consciousness Disorders* ; Humans

A patient with extraskeletal cervical epidural Ewing's sarcoma who presented with cervical radiculopathy is reported. A 58-year-old woman presented with right posterolateral neck pain and upper extremity radiculopathy. The computed tomography myelography showed epidural and paravertebral masses on right side, with widening of the ipsilateral neural foramina at the C2-C3 level. On magnetic resonance images, the mass was isointense to soft tissue on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and showed diffuse enhancement on GdTA enhanced T1-weighted images. The staged, combined posterior and anterior approach were done and the tumor mass was subtotally removed. During postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with Cytoxane, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisolone regimen, the patient died of severe compression of upper cervical cord by recurrent, extended tumor mass in the spinal canal.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myelography ; Neck Pain ; Prednisolone ; Radiculopathy ; Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Spinal Canal ; Upper Extremity ; Vincristine

Ninety three patients, who sustained craniocerebral injuries were studied and followed up for detection of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone from their admission to the time of their recovery. Their electrolytes in serum and urine, and fluid balance were examined at frequent intervals. Ten cases have manifested. "The Syndrome of the Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone"(S.I.S.A.D.H.). 1. For the detection of the presence of S.I.S.A.D.H., body weight, fluid balance, central venous pressure, sodium, potassium, chloride, B.U.N. and creatinine content of the serum as well as sodium, potassium, chloride, B.U.N. and creatinine content of the serum as well as sodium, potassium, chloride and 17-ketesteroid content of 24 hours urine specimen had been measured every 2 or 3 days interval, from their admission. 2. To establish the diagnosis of S.I.S.A.D.H., the following conditions were observed. First, there was no evidence of dehydration, second, the level of the sodium content of the serum was decreased below 125mEq/L and third, the amount of urinary sodium was persistently increased. However the functions of the kidney and adrenal gland were normal. 3. In the cases of S.I.S.A.D.H. among Korean craniocerebral injuries, the amount of sodium excreted in the urine was above 110mEq/L. On the other hand, 27 Koreans without craniocerebral injury or pulmonary complication, who had hospital diet which contained about 15gms. of NaCl, the average value of sodium excreted in the urine was 95mEq/L although there had been great individual differences. 4. Out of 33 patients with brain contusion, 4 manifested S.I.S.A.D.H., 27 with epidural hematoma there were 4 cases, of 15 cases of subdural hematoma, there was one case and also one cases of S.I.S.A.D.H. was found among the 11 cases of compound comminuted depressed fracture of the skull. 5. Among the 93 cases of craniocerebral injuries, 10 of them which is equivalent to 10.8% developed S.I.S.A.D.H. In there cases, improvement of the syndrome was observed in a few days by limitation of daily in take to 600cc. The patient who has shown rather severe hyponatremia, the condition was improved by parenteral injection of 3% saline solution with fluid restriction. 6. Among the cases with S.I.S.A.D.H. it was discovered that 3 of them had infection or complications of the lung. 7. Clinical findings among these patients with S.I.S.A.D.H. were:Three cases had mental disturbance, two with anorexia, one had vomiting and one with convulsions. In all the cases consciousness and muscular activity were somewhat impaired. 8. Aside from the patients with craniocerebral injuries, S.I.S.A.D.H. was observed in one case of aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery.
Adrenal Glands ; Aneurysm ; Anorexia ; Arteries ; Body Weight ; Brain Injuries ; Central Venous Pressure ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Creatinine ; Dehydration ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Electrolytes ; Hand ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Individuality ; Kidney ; Lung ; Potassium ; Seizures ; Skull ; Sodium ; Sodium Chloride ; Vomiting ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

PURPOSE: Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most common neurologic emergencies in children requiring immediate aggressive intervention. Despite advances in treatment of this condition, SE is still associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. To evaluate etiology and neurologic outcome of SE is very important for improving the methods of evaluation and management of SE as well as decreasing morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 98 children aged 1 month to 15 years who were admitted to our department of pediatrics from January, 1992 to December, 1998. We analyzed age distribution, etiology, seizure type, abnormalities of EEG and brain MRI, and neurologic outcome. We try to find any coherence between neurologic sequelae and clinical factors. RESULTS: The incidence was high in toddler age, especially younger than 3 years old (67.4%). Generalized convulsive SE was the most common type (67.3%), and 54.1% of children with SE which was the first seizure episode. Major etiology of SE in young children younger than 3 years old were febrile convulsion (54.5%) and acute symptomatic causes (22.7%). Neurologic sequelae were left in 21.4% and the mortality rate was 7.1%. The neurologic complications were highly associated with the underlying causes and the seizure durations, especially over 2 hour seizures left in 75% complications. The mortality and neurologic sequelae were higher in acute symptomatic SE than other causes. Febrile SE had usually benign course, but in four in our cases showed neurologic sequale it shows 4 neurologic sequelae cases. CONCLUSION: SE is a life-threatening neurologic condition and especially occurs in young children. The early detection of seizure etiology and aggressive management are the essential factors to decrease the mortality and morbidity rates.
Age Distribution ; Brain ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mortality ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile ; Status Epilepticus*

PURPOSE: Hormone-refractory prostate cancer(HRPC) is the terminal step in the natural history of prostate cancer, for which no chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to impact on the clinical outcomes. However, taxane-based therapies have recently appeared to have a significant efficacy on HRPC. The therapeutic effect of paclitaxel was evaluated against metastatic human prostate cancer PC-3 xenografted into athymic nude mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 male nude mice subcutaneously transplanted with the PC3 cell line were divided in 2 groups. An experimental group was given paclitaxel intraperitoneally at a dose of 12.5mg/kg per injection per day for 4 consecutive days, from the 6th and 20th day following tumor injection. All mice were observed for 31 days, and sacrificed by CO2 gas asphyxiation at the end of the experiment. The mean tumor volume and body weight of both groups were compared using student's t-tests. A tumor volume of more than 200mm3 was regarded as dead. The survival rate was indirectly analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The mean tumor volume of the paclitaxel treatment group was significantly reduced from the 20th day after tumor injection until the end of the experiment compared with the control group. The mean body weight of both groups was different significantly from the 17th day after tumor injection until the end of the experiment, but after removal of the tumor mass, at the 31st day after tumor injection, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. The survival rate of the paclitaxel treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our data has shown that paclitaxel is effective in suppressing the growth rate of a HRPC cell line in vivo and improved the survival rate. It is believe that further clinical assessment of the optimal dose and schedule of this drug are warranted.
Animals ; Appointments and Schedules ; Body Weight ; Cell Line* ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude* ; Natural History ; Paclitaxel* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Measurements of mitral flow velocity by pulsed Doppler echocardiography are very useful in evaluating left ventricular diastolic filling properties. In hypertensive patients, abnormalities of diastolic function may precede systolic abnormalities and may serve as a more sensitive marker of end organ damage. We estimated left ventricular nass by 2-D echo short axis area-length method and compared with peak mitral flow velocity in early diastole(PFVE)and during atrial systolic(PFVA). There was a significant increase of LV mass and LV mass indices in the hypertensive patients and PFVE/PFVA ratio was decreased in them. Aithough there was no relationship between blood pressure and PFVE/PFVA ratio, a significant relationship was demonstrated between LV mass index and PFVE/PFVA ratio in the hypertensive patients.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Blood Pressure ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ; Humans