The endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) has been adopted as a new treatment for acute hemorrhage from esophageal varices that ranks the highest mortality rate in upper gastrointestinal tract bleedings. This treatment method has good effects for the urgent treatment and eradication of varices from acute variceal bleeding in repeated sessions. We enrolled 34 patients with an acute or chronic variceal bleeding episode at the time of admission in this study from Apr. 8, 1992 to June. 2, 1994. Among 34 patients, there were 31 males and 3 females, at ages between 45-66(mean: 52 years). The incidence of symptoms on admission was 10 in tarry stool, 9 in hematemesis 8 in ascites, 4 in hepatic encephalopathy and 3 in nonspecific symptoms. Varices were eradicated or reduced to grade I in 30(88.2%) of the 34 patients by 4-25 bands (mean: 10.8 bands) in 1-7 EVL sessions(mean: 3.1 sessions). After EVL, there are complicated by active bleeding in 3 patients, dysphagia in 3 patienta and transient chest discomfort in 5 patients but subsided during 24 hours. These results indicated that EVL is a safe method for treatment of bleeding from esophageal varices.
Ascites ; Deglutition Disorders ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Female ; Hematemesis ; Hemorrhage* ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ligation* ; Male ; Mortality ; Thorax ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; Varicose Veins

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor*

Retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating orbital injury may affect adjacent tissue and lead to many ophthalmological sequeles such as visual disturbance, EOM limitation, diplopia, strabismus, orbital cellulitis and orbital abscess. If intraorbital foreign body intrudes into adjacent CNS system, it may lead to fatal complications such as meningitis and brain abscess. We should diagnose and treat intraorbital foreign body early and accurately to prevent complications, and rehabilitate damaged tissue anatomically and functionally. A patient with retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating lower lid injury was transferred to our hospital for lid swelling and periocular pain. We diagnosed and confirmed intraorbital foreign body with use of plain X ray and orbital CT, and removed it with lateral orbitotomy surgical approach.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Diplopia ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Orbit ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Strabismus

Retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating orbital injury may affect adjacent tissue and lead to many ophthalmological sequeles such as visual disturbance, EOM limitation, diplopia, strabismus, orbital cellulitis and orbital abscess. If intraorbital foreign body intrudes into adjacent CNS system, it may lead to fatal complications such as meningitis and brain abscess. We should diagnose and treat intraorbital foreign body early and accurately to prevent complications, and rehabilitate damaged tissue anatomically and functionally. A patient with retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating lower lid injury was transferred to our hospital for lid swelling and periocular pain. We diagnosed and confirmed intraorbital foreign body with use of plain X ray and orbital CT, and removed it with lateral orbitotomy surgical approach.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Diplopia ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Orbit ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Strabismus

A statistical analysis of the diagnostic value for 244 aspiration biopsy cytology(ABC) among a total 1,043 cases from various sites was performed. ABC, using diagnostic terminology similar to that of a surgical pathology reports, was compared to the final tissue diagnosis. For the entire series, a sensitivity of 91.8%, a specificity of 99.3%, a positive predictive value of 98.9%, a negative predictive value of 94.8%, and an efficacy of the test of 96.3% were shown. There were 8 false negative and 1 false positive diagnosis. The diagnostic accuracy was 89.8%. Those results indicate that the ABC is a considerably highly accurate procedure that should be routinely employed.
Biopsy, Needle ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ; Meningioma ; Pathology, Surgical ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Electrical conductivity of eyeball replaced with vitreous substitutes were also measured in both the non-enucleated and enucleated eye. The study of correlation between the electroretinogram and conductivity of eyeball to be replaced with vitreous substitutes was also evaluated. The electrical conductivity of each vitreous replacement was shown 74.5% in vitreous, 77.5% in saline, 100% in air and silicone oil respectively relative to standard material -1.5 battery, 100%. There was no difference of conductivity between the enucleated eye and non-enucleated eye. There were no correlation between the ERG amplitude and conductivity. As a result of experiments, the decrease in amplitude is suggested as a damage of retina by manipulation and surgery rather than decrease of conductivity with vitreous replacements.
Electric Conductivity* ; Rabbits* ; Retina ; Silicone Oils

In 1978, a nonprogressive corneal dystrophy was seperated from other causes of congenital opacification on the basis of unique clinincal findings and characteristic electronmicroscopic findings. This disorder, termed congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy, appears to the result of disordered stromal fibrogenesis. Recently, the autors have experienced 4 members of a family with typical electronmicroscopic findings of congenital heaeditary stromal dystrophy of the cornea. In this report we describe the characteristic findings of congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy.
Cornea* ; Humans

In general, the long head of the biceps brachii originates from the superior glenoid labrum and the supraglenoid tubercle, crosses the rotator cuff interval, and extends into the bicipital groove. However, rare anatomic variations of the origins of the long head have been reported in the past. In this report, we review the clinical history, radiologic findings, and arthroscopic identifications of 3 anatomic variants of the biceps tendon long head. As the detection of long head of biceps tendon pathology during preoperative radiologic assessment can be difficult without prior knowledge, surgeons should be aware of such possible anatomic variations.
Anatomic Variation ; Head* ; Pathology ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Tendons

The success rate of endonasal lacrimal surgery have been reported inferior to that of external lacrimal surgery. But nowadays, owing to developement of surgical instrument, such as endoscope, and improvement of surgical skill, better success rates have been reported. We have performed endonasal lacrimal surgery in 36 eyes of 34 patients and external lacrimal surgery in 41 eyes of 36 patients who have had lacriaml pathway obstruction confirmed by dacryocystography. Endonasal lacrimal surgery has been performed with endoscope, fiberoptic light pipe, and conventional lacrimal surgery instruments. Primary success rates are 84.0% in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), 89.5% in external DCR, 81.8% in endonasal conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy(CDCR), and 90.9% in external CDCR. The rate of postoperative complications are 32.0% in endonasal DCR, 47.4%, in external DCR, 27.3% in endonasal CDCR, and 40.9% in external CDCR. Therefore, in order to increase the success rate of endonasal lacrimal surgery, improvement of surgical technique, use of adequate surgical instrument and careful followup examination for proper management of postoperative complicaitons are considered essential.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Surgical Instruments