No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Prevalence* ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament*

No abstract available.
Spine*

The incidence of life-threatening anaphylactoid reactions during anesthesia has been increasing. Specific allergic reactions during anesthesia are usually due to muscle relaxants, barbiturates, local anesthetics, narcotics, radiocontrast media, antibiotics, and colloids. Thrombokinase, a hemostatic agent, has been used widely in clinical practice and severe anaphylactoid reactions to thrombokinase can occur rarely. We experienced two cases of anaphylactoid reactions after thrombokinase administration.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics, Local ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Barbiturates ; Colloids ; Contrast Media ; Factor Xa* ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Narcotics ; Pharmacology

PURPOSE: This paper introduces an improved classification approach which adopts a deterministic relaxation method and an agglomerative clustering technique for the classification of MRI using neural network. The proposed approach can solve the problems of convergency to local optima and computational burden caused by a large number of input patterns when a neural network is used for image classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Application of Hopfield neural network has been solving various optimization problems. However, major problem of mapping an image classification problem into a neural network is that network is opt to converge to local optima and its convergency toward the global solution with a standard stochastic relaxation spends much time. Therefore, to avoid local solutions and to achieve fast convergency toward a global optimization, we adopt MFA to a Hopfield network during the classification. MFA replaces the stochastic nature of simulated annealing method with a set of deterministic update rules that act on the average value of the variable. By minimizing averages, it is possible to converge to an equilibrium state considerably faster than standard simulated annealing method. Moreover, the proposed agglomerative clustering algorithm which determines the underlying clusters of the image provides initial input values of Hopfield neural network. RESULTS: The proposed approach which uses agglomerative clustering and deterministic relaxation approach resolves the problem of local optimization and achieves fast convergency toward a global optimization when a neural network is used for MRI classification. CONCLUSION: In this paper, we introduce a new paradigm to classify MRI using clustering analysis and deterministic relaxation for neural network to improve the classification results.
Classification* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Relaxation*

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is divided into four types as classic KS, AIDS-associated KS, African endemic KS and iatrogenic KS. Classic KS is most common on the distal portion of the lower extremities. KS sometimes develops on the hand, but there is currently no report of KS on the finger in Korea. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) plays as a key role in development of KS and it is necessary for the development of KS, but it is not sufficient by itself. So, other etiologic factors such as environmental and racial factors, gender and the immune state have recently been considered as being involved with the development of KS. We present here a rare case of KS that developed on the finger of a 44-year-old male who had hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatits B virus infection.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Fingers ; Hand ; Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Viruses

An isotopic response is the occurrence of a new skin disorder at the site of another, unrelated, or already healed skin disease. The most common course of an isotopic response is a herpes zoster disease. Verrucous hyperplasia is known as a reactive hyperplastic condition, characterized morphologically by numerous, warty, coalescent papules and plaques. We report here on a case of verrucous hyperplasia developed at the site of healed herpes zoster, which is an unusual type of isotopic response.
Herpes Zoster ; Hyperplasia ; Skin ; Skin Diseases

Tinea capitis is the most common fungal infection in children. Microsporum canis is a zoophilic dermatophyte and it is the most common pathogen of tinea capitis and sometimes it makes a kerion celsi. Microsporum canis infection is commonly acquired from direct contact with animals. We report here on an outbreak of tinea capitis by Microsporum canis in the nursery school.
Animals ; Arthrodermataceae ; Child ; Humans ; Microsporum ; Nurseries ; Schools, Nursery ; Tinea Capitis

Pityriasis amiantacea is a disease of scalp that presents with asbestos-like thick scales attached to the hair shaft proximal portion. It is considered to reaction of scalp to many inflammatory processes, such as psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, tinea capitis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, bacterial infection, and pityriasis rubra pilaris. The control of underlying disease is important to treat pitryriasis amiantacea, and there are no guidelines. Here, we report a case of a 17-year-old female who had no improvement for the general seborrheic dermatitis treatments, but displayed remarkable results after isotretinoin.
Adolescent ; Bacterial Infections ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; Lichen Planus ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris ; Psoriasis ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis ; Weights and Measures