No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hospitals, General*

No abstract available.
Lymphocytes* ; Macrophages* ; Nitric Oxide*

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Nausea, vomiting are among the most common postoperative complaints. We compared the effects of dexamethasone with or without propofol to the effects of conventional regimen consisting of enflurane-N2O in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. METHODS: Eighty healthy children, aged 3~14 yr, undergoing elective tonsillectomy were alldegrees Cated randomly to receive either 67% nitrous oxide and 1.5~2.0% enflurane or 67% nitrous oxide and propofol infusion 6~10 mg/kg/hr for maintenance of anesthesia. Dexamethasone 150 microgram/kg(maximum dose 8mg) or placebo was administered intrvenously(IV) in a double-blinded fashion before surgery. RESULTS: Dexamethasone reduced the overall incidence of vomiting from 45%(control) to 10%, Propofol also reduced from 45% to 15%. Combination of propofol anesthesia and dexamethasone administration reduced from 45% to 10%. CONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone and propofol markedly decreased vomiting in healthy children after elective tonsillectomy.
Anesthesia* ; Child ; Dexamethasone* ; Enflurane ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nausea ; Nitrous Oxide ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Propofol* ; Tonsillectomy ; Vomiting

The metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to ureter, urinary bladder and uterus are not common, only a few cases were reported. A 63 years old female was admitted to department of urology, Korea university hospital with intractable hematuria, vaginal bleeding and severe frank pain on left is side with abdominal distension. Herein we are presenting a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with review and literature.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Female ; Genitalia* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urology ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

It is easy to view the laryngeal aperature with a flexible fiberscope through a laryngeal mask airway (LMA). This is a case report that the LMA could facilitate a fiberscope-aided tracheal intubation easily. Patient was a 59 year old female who had some limitation of mouth opening due to ankylosis of bilateral temporomandibular joints. After thiopental (200 mg) and succinylcholine chloride (50 mg) were given intravenously, a number 3 sized LMA was inserted and the lungs were ventilated via the LMA. The anesthesia cirele system is then disconnected from the LMA and a fiberscope, with the proximal end jacketed with a well-lubricated, cuffless, 6-mm-ID endotracheal tube (ETT); was inserted into the trachea through the lumen of the LMA. The 6-mm-ID ETT was threaded over the fiberscope into the trachea before fiberscope was withdrawn, and a traeheal tube exchanger was inserted through the ETT after enough ventilation for a while, followed withdrawal of the LMA and ETT. Finally, we can make the 7 mm-ID ETT with cuff insert into the trachea over a tracheal tube exchanger very easily without any difficulties.
Anesthesia ; Ankylosis ; Bronchoscopes* ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Succinylcholine ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Thiopental ; Trachea ; Ventilation

This study was carried out to reveal the epidemiologic characteristics of psoriasis in Korea. Seventeen university hospitals were engaged in this study, and the results were as follows : 1. The number of psoriasis patients during the 10 years from January 1977 to March 1987 was 1.05% of all the outpatients; the male to female-ratio was 1.08:1. 2. In the prospective study, the number of psoriasis patients was 2.3% of all the outpatients in 1987, 2.8% of all the outpatients in 1988 and the male to female ratio was 1.26:1. 3. The most prevalent age of onset was 20-29 years ; 81.1% were living in urban areas; and a family history was obtainable in 19.8% with parents holding the highest rank of 7.8%. 4. The most frequent duration of disease activity was under 5 years in 63.3%; the most common age for the worst condition was 20-29 yrs. The most common area size of skin involvement at the peak of the worst condition was less than 10%. 5. The most common initiating skin lesion began on the scalp in 20.2%, on the nail in 17.2%, pruritus in 63.0% with joint symptoms in 10.8%, and Koebner phenomena in 50.6%. 6. Emotional stress was the most common aggravating factor in 34.4%. The method of treatment that attained the best result was the combination therapy of oral medication and a topical agent. The best treatment modality was said to be the application of ointment with p.o.medication by as many as 28.4% of patients who took the leading rank. Photo-chemotherapy, effective with few complications, was not used much as it was not well-known in Korea until after 1980. Most people had an accurate knowledge of psoriasis.
Age of Onset ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Joints ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Prospective Studies ; Pruritus ; Psoriasis* ; Scalp ; Skin ; Stress, Psychological

Ten opening-wedge callotasis through the proximal tibia just below the tuberosity were performed using the Ilizarov apparatus in ten patients who had premature asymmetrical closure of the proximal tibial physis and subsequent genu recurvatum. In 4 knees, the genu recurvatum was due entirely to osseous deformity. In the remaining 6 knees, it was due to a combination of ossseous and soft-tissue (ligament and capsule) deformity. In the 6 knees that had combined deformity, the osseous deformity was predominant in all knees. The average age of the patients at surgery was 16.3 years (range, 11.0-20.5 years). Before operation, the average angle of recurvatum was 19.6 degree (range, 15-26 degree) with an average of 76.6 degrees of abnormal tilt of the tibial plateau. The average shortening of the ipsilateral limb in ten patients was 2.7 cm (range, 0.5-8.7 cm). The average duration of correction was 49 days (23-85 days), and the average fixation time was 150 days for management of genu recurvatum and associated limb-length discrepancy. In 3 patients, there were complications including patella infera, pin track infection and transient peroneal nerve palsy. After a mean follow-up of 4.2 years (range, 1.1-5.9 years), most patients had an excellent or good radiographic and functional results without any recurrence. We have found the Ilizarov method to be valid in the management of genu recurvatum with or without concomitant shortening, with relatively few complications, but full understanding of the basic principles and strict adherence to the details of the method must be carefully followed.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique* ; Knee ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Paralysis ; Patella ; Peroneal Nerve ; Recurrence ; Tibia

OBJECTIVE : Percutaneous approach to the middle thoracic vertebra through the transpedicular route for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is difficult due to the small size of the pedicle and parasagittally oriented vertebral body anatomy. The percutaneous vertebral body access (PVBA) technique utilizing the posterolateral extrapedicular approach avoids the pedicle and provides direct access to the vertebral body. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the vertebroplasty utilizing PVBA technique for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the middle thoracic vertebrae. METHODS : A retrospective review was done on 20 patients who underwent vertebroplasty utilizing PVBA technique performed for painful osteoporotic compression fracture in the middle thoracic vertebrae at 22 levels from May 2003 to June 2006. The average amount of the injected cement was 1.5-2.5ml. The postprocedural outcome was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS : The treated vertebrae were T5 (1 level), T6 (5 levels), T7 (7 levels), and T8 (9 levels). The compression rate and kyphotic angle were improved after procedure from 18%+/-13.4 to 16%+/-13.8 (p>0.05) and from 6.9degrees+/-6.7 to 6.6degrees+/-6.2 (p>0.05), respectively. Preprocedural VAS was 8.2+/-0.70 and was decreased to 2.1+/-1.02 (p<0.01) after treatment. Postprocedural cement leakage was noted in 3 levels (13.7%). There were no cases of leakage to epidural space or neural foramen, segmental artery injury, and pneumothorax. CONCLUSION : These results suggest that the complication rates are low and good results can be achieved with vertebroplasty utilizing PVBA technique for the osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures especially in the middle thoracic vertebrae.
Arteries ; Epidural Space ; Fractures, Compression* ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Pneumothorax ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; Spine ; Thoracic Vertebrae* ; Vertebroplasty*

Osteitis pubis is a noninfectious, painful, inflammmatory condition affecting the periosteum, cartilage, and ligaments of the symphysis pubis. It has been associated with urologic and gynecologic procedures, pregnancy and rheumatologic disorders. Despite seven decades of speculation, its pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, natural history and optimal therapy for osteitis pubis remain controversial. We had experienced two cases of osteitis pubis after laparoscopic Burch colposuspension using prolene mesh and Tacker(R). All cases of osteitis pubis were treated with conservative managements.
Cartilage ; Ligaments ; Natural History ; Osteitis* ; Periosteum ; Polypropylenes ; Pregnancy